Kuyesa kwa relayrelay Relay ndiye chida chofunikira kwambiri cha mita yamagetsi yolipiriratu yanzeru. Moyo wa relay umatsimikiza moyo wa mita yamagetsi pamlingo winawake. Kugwira ntchito kwa chipangizocho ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa mita yamagetsi yolipiriratu yanzeru. Komabe, pali opanga ambiri olumikizirana m'nyumba ndi kunja, omwe amasiyana kwambiri pakukula kwa kupanga, mulingo waukadaulo ndi magawo a magwiridwe antchito. Chifukwa chake, opanga magetsi ayenera kukhala ndi zida zodziwira bwino akamayesa ndikusankha ma relay kuti atsimikizire mtundu wa mita yamagetsi. Nthawi yomweyo, State Grid yalimbitsanso kuzindikira zitsanzo za magwiridwe antchito a relay mu mita yamagetsi yanzeru, zomwe zimafunanso zida zodziwira zofanana kuti ziwone mtundu wa mita yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi opanga osiyanasiyana. Komabe, zida zodziwira ma relay sizimangokhala ndi chinthu chimodzi chodziwira, njira yodziwira siingathe kukhazikitsidwa yokha, deta yodziwira iyenera kukonzedwa ndikusanthulidwa pamanja, ndipo zotsatira zodziwira zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso yopangidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mphamvu yozindikira ndi yotsika ndipo chitetezo sichingatsimikizidwe [7]. M'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, State Grid yakhazikitsa pang'onopang'ono zofunikira zaukadaulo zamamita amagetsi, ndikupanga miyezo yoyenera yamakampani ndi ma technical specifications, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zina zaukadaulo zodziwira magawo a relay, monga mphamvu yolowetsa ndi kutseka kwa relay, mayeso a mawonekedwe osinthira, ndi zina zotero. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuphunzira chipangizo kuti mupeze kuzindikira kwathunthu kwa magawo a magwiridwe antchito a relay [7]. Malinga ndi zofunikira za mayeso a magawo a magwiridwe antchito a relay, zinthu zoyesera zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri. Chimodzi ndi zinthu zoyesera zopanda mphamvu yonyamula katundu, monga mtengo wochitapo kanthu, kukana kolumikizana ndi moyo wamakina. Chachiwiri ndi zinthu zoyesera zamphamvu yonyamula katundu, monga mphamvu yolumikizirana, moyo wamagetsi, mphamvu yochulukirapo. Zinthu zazikulu zoyesera zimayambitsidwa mwachidule motere: (1) mtengo wochitapo kanthu. Voltage imafunika pakugwira ntchito kwa relay. (2) Kukana kolumikizana. Mtengo wokana pakati pa ma contact awiri akatsekedwa ndi magetsi. (3) Moyo wa makina. Zigawo za makina ngati palibe kuwonongeka, kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe relay switch imachitika. (4) Voltage yolumikizirana. Pamene kukhudzana kwamagetsi kwatsekedwa, mphamvu inayake yonyamula katundu imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu dera lolumikizirana ndi magetsi ndi mtengo wamagetsi pakati pa ma contact. (5) Moyo wamagetsi. Pamene magetsi ovoteledwa agwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto onse a coil yoyendetsa relay ndipo katundu wovoteledwa wotsutsa akugwiritsidwa ntchito mu contact loop, kuzungulira kumakhala kochepera nthawi 300 pa ola limodzi ndipo nthawi yogwirira ntchito ndi 1∶4, nthawi yogwira ntchito yodalirika ya relay. (6) Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu. Pamene magetsi ovoteledwa akugwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto onse a coil yoyendetsa relay ndipo nthawi 1.5 ya katundu wovoteledwa akugwiritsidwa ntchito mu contact loop, nthawi yogwira ntchito yodalirika ya relay ikhoza kuchitika pafupipafupi ya (10±1) nthawi/mphindi [7]. Mitundu, mwachitsanzo,, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya relay, ikhoza kugawidwa ndi liwiro la relay ya input voltage, relay yamagetsi, relay yanthawi, relay, relay yamphamvu, ndi zina zotero, malinga ndi mfundo ya ntchito ikhoza kugawidwa mu relay yamagetsi, relay yamtundu wa induction, relay yamagetsi, relay yamagetsi, ndi zina zotero, malinga ndi cholinga ikhoza kugawidwa mu relay yowongolera, chitetezo cha relay, ndi zina zotero, Malinga ndi mawonekedwe osinthika olowera akhoza kugawidwa mu relay ndi relay yoyezera. [8]Kaya relay ikuchokera pa kukhalapo kapena kusakhalapo kwa input, relay sigwira ntchito pamene palibe input, relay action pamene pali input, monga intermediate relay, general relay, time relay, etc. [8] Kuyezera relay kumachokera pa kusintha kwa input, input imakhalapo nthawi zonse ikagwira ntchito, pokhapokha input ikafika pamtengo winawake wa relay idzagwira ntchito, monga current relay, voltage relay, thermal relay, speed relay, pressure relay, liquid level relay, etc. [8] Electromagnetic relay Chithunzi cha kapangidwe ka electromagnetic relay Ma relay ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabwalo olamulira ndi ma electromagnetic relay. Electromagnetic relay ili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, mtengo wotsika, ntchito yabwino komanso kukonza, mphamvu yochepa yolumikizirana (nthawi zambiri pansi pa SA), kuchuluka kwa ma contacts ndipo palibe mfundo zazikulu ndi zothandizira, palibe chipangizo chozimitsira arc, kukula kochepa, kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu komanso molondola, sensitivity control, yodalirika, ndi zina zotero. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu low-voltage control system. Ma electromagnetic relay omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo ma current relay, voltage relay, intermediate relay ndi ma general relay osiyanasiyana ang'onoang'ono. [8] Kapangidwe ka relay ya electromagnetic ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito zimafanana ndi contactor, makamaka yopangidwa ndi electromagnetic mechanism ndi contact. Ma relay a electromagnetic ali ndi DC ndi AC. Voltage kapena current imawonjezedwa kumapeto onse a coil kuti ipange mphamvu ya electromagnetic. Pamene mphamvu ya electromagnetic ili yaikulu kuposa mphamvu ya spring reaction, armature imakokedwa kuti ma contact omwe nthawi zambiri amatseguka komanso otsekedwa asunthe. Pamene voltage kapena current ya coil imatsika kapena kutha, armature imatulutsidwa ndipo contact imabwezeretsedwanso. [8] Thermal relay Thermal relay imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poteteza zida zamagetsi (makamaka mota). Thermal relay ndi mtundu wa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya current heating ya zida zamagetsi, ili pafupi ndi motor amalola overload makhalidwe a inverse time, makamaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi contactor, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza asynchronous motor asynchronous atatu-phase ndi phase failure ya three-phase asynchronous motor mu ntchito yeniyeni, nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi chifukwa cha zifukwa zamagetsi kapena zamakina monga overcurrent, overload ndi phase failure). Ngati overcurrent si yayikulu, nthawi yake ndi yochepa, ndipo windings sizipitirira kukwera kovomerezeka kwa kutentha, overcurrent iyi imaloledwa; Ngati mphamvu yamagetsi yochulukirapo ndi yayikulu ndipo imatenga nthawi yayitali, izi zithandiza kuti injini ikule msanga komanso kuyaka injini. Chifukwa chake, chipangizo choteteza injini chiyenera kuyikidwa mu injini. Pali mitundu yambiri ya zida zotetezera injini zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, ndipo chofala kwambiri ndi chitsulo chotenthetsera. Mtundu wa chitsulo chotenthetsera chotenthetsera chimakhala ndi magawo atatu, pali mitundu iwiri yokhala ndi chitetezo cha kusweka kwa gawo ndi yopanda. [8] Kutumiza nthawi Kutumiza nthawi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito polamulira nthawi mu kayendedwe kowongolera. Mtundu wake ndi wochuluka kwambiri, malinga ndi mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ingagawidwe m'magulu amagetsi, mtundu wa mpweya wonyowa, mtundu wamagetsi ndi mtundu wamagetsi, malinga ndi momwe imachedwetsera ingagawidwe m'magulu amagetsi onyowa komanso kuchedwa kwa mphamvu. Kutumiza nthawi yonyowa mpweya kumagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya kunyowa mpweya kuti ipeze kuchedwa kwa nthawi, komwe kumapangidwa ndi njira yamagetsi, njira yonyowa ndi dongosolo lolumikizirana. Njira yamagetsi ndi yachitsulo chamtundu wa E chochita mwachindunji, makina olumikizirana amagwiritsa ntchito I-X5 micro switch, ndipo makina onyowa amatenga damper ya airbag. [8]kudalirika1. Mphamvu ya chilengedwe pa kudalirika kwa relay: nthawi yapakati pakati pa kulephera kwa relay zomwe zikugwira ntchito mu GB ndi SF ndi yapamwamba kwambiri, kufika 820,00h, pomwe mu NU environment, ndi 600,00h yokha. [9]2. Mphamvu ya kalasi yabwino pa kudalirika kwa relay: pamene relay ya A1 quality grade yasankhidwa, nthawi yapakati pakati pa kulephera imatha kufika 3660000h, pomwe nthawi yapakati pakati pa kulephera kwa relay ya C-grade ndi 110000, ndi kusiyana kwa nthawi 33. Zitha kuwoneka kuti kalasi yabwino ya relay imakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito awo odalirika. [9]3, mphamvu ya kalasi yolumikizirana ya relay: fomu yolumikizirana ya relay idzakhudzanso kudalirika kwake, kuponya kamodzi kudalirika kwa mtundu wa relay kunali kokwera kuposa chiwerengero cha mtundu womwewo wa mpeni kuponya kawiri, kudalirika kumachepa pang'onopang'ono ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha mpeni nthawi imodzi, ndi nthawi yapakati pakati pa kulephera single-pole single-throw relay four mipeni iwiri kuponya kawiri nthawi 5.5. [9]4. Mphamvu ya mtundu wa kapangidwe pa kudalirika kwa relay: pali mitundu 24 ya kapangidwe ka relay, ndipo mtundu uliwonse umakhudza kudalirika kwake. [9]5. Mphamvu ya kutentha pa kudalirika kwa relay: kutentha kwa relay kuli pakati pa -25 ℃ ndi 70 ℃. Kutentha kukakwera, nthawi yapakati pakati pa kulephera kwa relay imachepa pang'onopang'ono. [9]6. Mphamvu ya kuchuluka kwa ntchito pa kudalirika kwa relay: Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa ntchito kwa relay, nthawi yapakati pakati pa kulephera kwenikweni imabweretsa kutsika kwakukulu. Chifukwa chake, ngati dera lopangidwa likufuna kuti relay igwire ntchito pa liwiro lalikulu kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuzindikira relay mosamala panthawi yokonza dera kuti isinthidwe pakapita nthawi. [9]7. Mphamvu ya chiŵerengero chamagetsi pa kudalirika kwa relay: chomwe chimatchedwa chiŵerengero chamagetsi ndi chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya relay ndi mphamvu yolipira yovotera. Chiŵerengero cha magetsi chimakhudza kwambiri kudalirika kwa relay, makamaka pamene chiŵerengero cha magetsi chili chachikulu kuposa 0.1, nthawi yapakati pakati pa kulephera imachepa mofulumira, pomwe chiŵerengero cha magetsi chili chochepera 0.1, nthawi yapakati pakati pa kulephera imakhalabe yofanana, kotero katundu wokhala ndi magetsi okwera ayenera kusankhidwa mu kapangidwe ka dera kuti achepetse chiŵerengero cha magetsi. Mwanjira imeneyi, kudalirika kwa relay komanso dera lonse sikudzachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa magetsi ogwirira ntchito.
