Kuyesa kwa relayrelay Relay ndiye chida chofunikira kwambiri cha mita yanzeru yolipiriratu magetsi.Moyo wa relay umatsimikizira moyo wa mita yamagetsi kumlingo wina.Ntchito ya chipangizocho ndi yofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mita yamagetsi yolipiriratu wanzeru.Komabe, pali opanga ambiri am'banja ndi akunja olandilana, omwe amasiyana kwambiri pamlingo wopanga, mulingo waukadaulo ndi magwiridwe antchito.Chifukwa chake, opanga mita yamagetsi ayenera kukhala ndi zida zodziwira bwino poyesa ndikusankha ma relay kuti atsimikizire mtundu wamagetsi amagetsi.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, State Grid yalimbitsanso kuzindikiritsa kwachitsanzo kwa magawo a relay ntchito mumagetsi amagetsi anzeru, omwe amafunikiranso zida zodziwira zomwe zimagwirizana kuti ziwone ubwino wa mamita a magetsi opangidwa ndi opanga osiyanasiyana.Komabe, zida zowunikira ma relay sizingokhala ndi chinthu chimodzi chodziwikiratu, njira yodziwikiratu sizingadziwike zokha, deta yodziwikiratu iyenera kukonzedwa ndikuwunikidwa pamanja, ndipo zotsatira zodziwikiratu zimakhala ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana komanso zopanga.Komanso, kudziwika kwachangu ndi kochepa ndipo chitetezo sichingatsimikizidwe [7].M'zaka ziwiri zapitazi, The State Grid yasintha pang'onopang'ono zofunikira zaumisiri wamagetsi, kupanga miyezo yoyenera yamakampani ndi ukadaulo, zomwe zimayika patsogolo zovuta zaukadaulo. chifukwa chodziwikiratu chizindikiro cha relay, monga kutulutsa ndi kuzimitsa mphamvu ya relay, kuyesa kwa mawonekedwe, ndi zina zotero. Choncho, m'pofunika kuphunzira chipangizo kuti mukwaniritse kuzindikira kwakukulu kwa magawo a machitidwe a relay [7]. mayeso, zinthu mayeso akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri.Chimodzi ndi zinthu zoyesera zopanda katundu wamakono, monga mtengo wochitapo kanthu, kukana kulumikizana ndi moyo wamakina.Chachiwiri chili ndi zinthu zoyezetsa zomwe zikuchitika, monga mphamvu yamagetsi, mphamvu yamagetsi, kuchuluka kwa zinthu. Zinthu zazikulu zoyeserera zimayambitsidwa mwachidule motere :(1) mtengo wochitapo kanthu.Mphamvu yamagetsi yofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito relay.(2) Kulimbana ndi kukana.Kukaniza mtengo pakati pa kukhudzana awiri pamene magetsi kutseka.(3) Moyo wamakina.Ziwalo zamakina pakapanda kuwonongeka, kuchuluka kwa nthawi zomwe kusinthana kwa relay.(4) Kulumikizana ndi magetsi.Pamene kukhudzana ndi magetsi kutsekedwa, katundu wina wamakono umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu dera lamagetsi lamagetsi ndi mtengo wamagetsi pakati pa ojambula.(5) Moyo wamagetsi.Mphamvu yamagetsi ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto onse a koyilo yoyendetsa galimotoyo ndipo katundu woyengedwa woyengedwa umayikidwa mu loop yolumikizirana, kuzungulira kumakhala kosakwana 300 pa ola ndipo ntchito yake ndi 1∶4, nthawi zodalirika zogwirira ntchito. kutumiza.(6) Kuchulukirachulukira.Mphamvu yamagetsi ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto onse a koyilo yoyendetsa galimotoyo ndipo nthawi 1.5 ya katundu woyezedwa imayikidwa mu loop yolumikizirana, nthawi zodalirika zogwirira ntchito zopatsirana zitha kutheka pakuchita pafupipafupi kwa (10 ± 1) nthawi / mphindi. [7] .Mitundu, mwachitsanzo, mitundu yambiri yolumikizirana, imatha kugawidwa ndi liwiro lolowera voteji, relay yamakono, nthawi yopatsirana, kupatsirana, kutumizirana mauthenga, etc., malinga ndi mfundo ya ntchito imatha kugawidwa mu electromagnetic. relay, induction type relays, relay yamagetsi, relay yamagetsi, etc., malinga ndi cholinga akhoza kugawidwa mu relay control, relay chitetezo, etc.[8] Kaya relay imachokera pa kukhalapo kapena kusakhalapo kwa zolowetsa, relay sagwira ntchito pamene palibe cholowetsa, chowonjezerapo pamene pali cholowetsa, monga relay yapakati, relay, relay nthawi, ndi zina zotero. [8] ]Kuyezera relay kumatengera kusintha kwa zolowetsa, zolowetsazo zimakhalapo nthawi zonse pamene zikugwira ntchito, pokhapokha pamene zolowetsazo zifika pamtengo wina wa relay zidzagwira ntchito, monga relay yamakono, relay relay, relay matenthedwe, kuthamanga kwa liwiro, kuthamanga kwa relay, madzi mlingo wopatsirana, etc.. [8] Electromagnetic relay Schematic chithunzi cha ma elekitiromagineti relay dongosolo Zambiri mwazolumikizirana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira mabwalo ndi magineti amagetsi.Electromagnetic relay ili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, mtengo wotsika, magwiridwe antchito ndi kukonza bwino, kulumikizana pang'ono (nthawi zambiri kumunsi kwa SA), kulumikizana kwakukulu komanso kopanda mfundo zazikulu ndi zothandizira, palibe chozimitsa cha arc, kukula kochepa, kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu komanso molondola, kuwongolera tcheru, odalirika, ndi zina zotero.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagetsi otsika kwambiri.Ma relay omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza ma relay apano, ma relay amagetsi, ma relay apakatikati ndi ma relay ang'onoang'ono osiyanasiyana.[8] Kapangidwe ka ma elekitiroleti otumizirana ma elekitirodi ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndizofanana ndi cholumikizira, makamaka chopangidwa ndi makina amagetsi ndi kukhudzana.Ma electromagnetic relay ali ndi DC ndi AC.Magetsi kapena magetsi amawonjezedwa kumapeto onse a koyilo kuti apange mphamvu yamagetsi.Mphamvu yamagetsi ikakhala yayikulu kuposa mphamvu yamasika, zida zimakokedwa kuti zipangitse zotseguka komanso zotsekeka zisunthike.Pamene voteji kapena panopa wa koyilo akutsikira kapena kutha, armature amamasulidwa ndipo kukhudzana ndi bwererani.[8] Thermal relay Thermal relay imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazida zamagetsi (makamaka mota) kuteteza mochulukira.Thermal relay ndi mtundu wa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo yotenthetsera yamagetsi yamagetsi, ili pafupi ndi mota kulola kuchulukira kwa mawonekedwe anthawi yosiyana, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi cholumikizira, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo lachitatu la asynchronous motor mochulukira komanso chitetezo chagawo chachitatu. -phase asynchronous motor mu ntchito yeniyeni, nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zifukwa zamagetsi kapena zamakina monga kupitilira apo, kulemetsa komanso kulephera kwa gawo).Ngati kupitilira apo sikowopsa, nthawiyo ndi yaifupi, ndipo ma windings sapitilira kutentha kovomerezeka, izi zimaloledwa;Ngati kupitilira apo kuli koopsa ndipo kumatenga nthawi yayitali, kumathandizira kukalamba kwagalimoto komanso kuwotcha mota.Chifukwa chake, chipangizo chachitetezo chagalimoto chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa mumayendedwe ozungulira.Pali mitundu yambiri yazida zodzitetezera zamagalimoto zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, ndipo chodziwika bwino ndizitsulo zazitsulo zamagetsi.zitsulo mbale mtundu matenthedwe relay ndi atatu gawo, pali mitundu iwiri ndi popanda gawo yopuma chitetezo.[8] Relay Time Relay imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwongolera nthawi mumayendedwe owongolera.Mtundu wake ndi wochuluka kwambiri, molingana ndi mfundo yake yochitapo kanthu, ukhoza kugawidwa mumtundu wa electromagnetic, mtundu wa air damping, mtundu wamagetsi ndi mtundu wamagetsi, malingana ndi njira yochepetsera ikhoza kugawidwa mu kuchedwa kwa mphamvu ndi kuchedwa kwa mphamvu.Nthawi yothira mpweya imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yochepetsera mpweya kuti ichedwetse nthawi, yomwe imapangidwa ndi makina amagetsi, makina ochedwa ndi njira yolumikizirana.Makina a electromagnetic amagwira molunjika pawiri E-type iron core, njira yolumikizirana imagwiritsa ntchito I-X5 yaying'ono switch, ndipo njira yochedwetsayo imatenga chotsitsa cha airbag.[8]kudalirika1.Chikoka cha chilengedwe pa kudalirika kwa relay: nthawi yapakati pakati pa kulephera kwa ma relay omwe akugwira ntchito ku GB ndi SF ndipamwamba kwambiri, kufika ku 820,00h, pamene mu chilengedwe cha NU, ndi 600,00h yokha.[9]2.Chikoka cha kalasi yabwino pa kudalirika kwapang'onopang'ono: pomwe ma giredi apamwamba a A1 amasankhidwa, nthawi yapakati pakati pa zolephera imatha kufika 3660000h, pomwe nthawi yapakati pakati pa kulephera kwa ma C-grade relay ndi 110000, ndi kusiyana kwa 33 nthawi.Zitha kuwoneka kuti kalasi yabwino ya ma relays imakhala ndi chikoka chachikulu pakuchita kwawo kudalirika.[9] 3, chikoka pa kudalirika kwa mawonekedwe opatsirana kukhudzana: relay kukhudzana mawonekedwe adzakhudzanso kudalirika kwake, kuponyera limodzi kudalirika kwa mtundu wopatsirana anali apamwamba kuposa chiwerengero cha mpeni mtundu pawiri kuponyera kulandirana, kudalirika pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa. ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha mpeni pa nthawi yomweyo, ndi nthawi avareji pakati zolephereka umodzi mzati limodzi-kuponya relay anayi mpeni iwiri kuponyera kulandirana 5.5 zina.[9]4.Chikoka cha mtundu wamapangidwe pa kudalirika kwa relay: pali mitundu 24 ya mawonekedwe a relay, ndipo mtundu uliwonse umakhudza kudalirika kwake.[9]5.Mphamvu ya kutentha pa kudalirika kwa relay: kutentha kwa ntchito ya relay kuli pakati pa -25 ℃ ndi 70 ℃.Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha, nthawi yapakati pakati pa kulephera kwa ma relay amachepetsa pang'onopang'ono.[9]6.Chikoka cha kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito pa kudalirika kwa relay: Ndi kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito a relay, nthawi yapakati pakati pa zolephera kwenikweni ikuwonetsa kutsika kwakukulu.Choncho, ngati dera lopangidwira likufuna kuti relay igwire ntchito pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri, m'pofunika kufufuza mosamala relay panthawi yokonza dera kuti ilowe m'malo mwake.[9]7.Chikoka cha chiŵerengero chamakono pa kudalirika kwa relay: chomwe chimatchedwa chiŵerengero chamakono ndi chiŵerengero cha ntchito yomwe ikugwira ntchito pakalipano ya relay ku chiwerengero cha katundu wamakono.Chiŵerengero chamakono chimakhala ndi chikoka chachikulu pa kudalirika kwa relay, makamaka pamene chiŵerengero chamakono chikuposa 0.1, nthawi yapakati pakati pa zolephera imachepa mofulumira, pamene chiŵerengero chamakono chili chochepera 0.1, nthawi yapakati pakati pa zolephera zimakhala zofanana. , kotero katundu ndi apamwamba oveteredwa panopa ayenera kusankhidwa mu kamangidwe dera kuchepetsa chiŵerengero panopa.Mwanjira iyi, kudalirika kwa relay komanso dera lonse sikudzachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa ntchito yamakono.
