Kodi kasupe wa tsitsi la airbag ya galimoto ndi chiyani?
Mphero ya tsitsi la airbag imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza airbag yayikulu (yomwe ili pa chiwongolero) ku waya wa airbag. Ndipotu, ndi gawo chabe la waya. Ntchito yake ndi yakuti pakagwa ngozi ya galimoto, makina a airbag ndi othandiza kwambiri poteteza chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi okwera.
Galimoto ikagundana, dongosolo la airbag limagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri poteteza chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi okwera.
Dongosolo la airbag nthawi zambiri limakhala dongosolo limodzi la airbag la chiwongolero kapena dongosolo la airbag ziwiri. Magalimoto okhala ndi airbag ziwiri ndi zotetezera lamba la mpando amakhala ndi airbag ndi zotetezera lamba la mpando zomwe zimagwira ntchito nthawi imodzi pakagwa ngozi, mosasamala kanthu za liwiro. Izi zimapangitsa kuti airbag ziwonongeke pakagwa ngozi yothamanga pang'ono ndipo zimawonjezera kwambiri ndalama zokonzera.
Dongosolo la airbag lochita zinthu ziwiri limatha kusankha lokha ngati lingagwiritse ntchito chotenthetsera lamba lachitetezo chokha kapena chotenthetsera lamba lachitetezo ndi ma airbag awiri kuti agwire ntchito nthawi imodzi galimoto ikagundana, kutengera liwiro la galimotoyo komanso kuthamanga kwake. Mwanjira imeneyi, pakagwa ngozi yothamanga pang'ono, dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito ma airbag okha kuti ateteze dalaivala ndi okwera, popanda kuwononga ma airbag. Ngozi ikagwa pa liwiro loposa 30km/h, lamba lachitetezo ndi airbag zonse zimagwira ntchito nthawi imodzi kuteteza chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi okwera.
Galimoto ikagundana kutsogolo, makina owongolera mpweya amazindikira mphamvu ya kugundana
Pamene kutsika kwa liwiro kupitirira mtengo womwe wakhazikitsidwa, kompyuta ya airbag nthawi yomweyo imalumikiza dera la chubu chophulika chamagetsi mu inflation element, imayatsa choyatsira mkati mwa chubu chophulika chamagetsi, ndipo lawi limayatsa ufa woyatsira ndi jenereta ya gasi, ndikupanga mpweya wambiri pa 0. Pakatha masekondi atatu, airbag imadzaza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikule mwachangu, kuswa mbale yokongoletsera yophimba pa chiwongolero ndikuphulika kupita kwa dalaivala ndi okwera, kukanikiza mitu yawo ndi zifuwa zawo pa airbag yodzaza ndi gasi kuti ichepetse kukhudzidwa kwawo. Kenako, mpweya womwe uli mu airbag umatulutsidwa.
Ma airbags amatha kugawa mphamvu yogundana mofanana pamutu ndi pachifuwa, kuteteza thupi la wokwerayo kuti lisagundane mwachindunji ndi thupi la galimotoyo ndikuchepetsa kwambiri mwayi wovulala. Ma airbags amatha kuteteza bwino okwera pakagwa ngozi kutsogolo. Ngakhale malamba achitetezo sanamangiriridwe, ma airbags oletsa kugundana amakhala okwanira kuchepetsa kuvulala. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, galimoto yokhala ndi ma airbags ikagundana kutsogolo, kuchuluka kwa kuvulala kwa okwera kumatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka 64%, ndipo ngakhale 80% ya okwerawo savala malamba achitetezo. Ponena za kugundana kuchokera ku mipando yam'mbali ndi yakumbuyo, amadalirabe ntchito ya malamba achitetezo.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa airbag ukaphulika ndi pafupifupi ma decibel 130 okha, zomwe zili mkati mwa mphamvu zomwe thupi la munthu lingathe kuzipirira. 78% ya mpweya womwe uli mu airbag ndi nayitrogeni, womwe ndi wokhazikika komanso wopanda poizoni, komanso wopanda vuto kwa thupi la munthu. Ufa womwe umatuluka ndi ufa wothira mafuta womwe umaletsa airbag kuti isamamatire pamodzi ikapindidwa ndipo suvulaza thupi la munthu.
Chilichonse ndi lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse, ndipo ma airbags nawonso ali ndi mbali yawo yosatetezeka. Akuti ngati galimoto ikuyenda pa liwiro la makilomita 60 pa ola limodzi, kugundana mwadzidzidzi kudzapangitsa galimoto kuyima mkati mwa masekondi 0.2, ndipo airbag idzayenda pa liwiro la makilomita 300 pa ola limodzi. Mphamvu yogunda yomwe imabwera chifukwa cha izi ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 180, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuti ziwalo za thupi la munthu zomwe zili pachiwopsezo monga mutu ndi khosi zinyamule. Chifukwa chake, ngati ngodya ndi mphamvu ya airbag yatsika pang'ono, zitha kubweretsa "tsoka".
Panthawi yogwira ntchito ya galimoto, masensa atatu amaika nthawi zonse chidziwitso chokhudza kusintha kwa liwiro mu chowongolera zamagetsi. Chowongolera zamagetsi nthawi zonse chimawerengera, kusanthula, kuyerekeza ndi kuweruza, ndipo nthawi zonse chimakhala chokonzeka kupereka malangizo. Ngati liwiro la galimoto lili pansi pa 30km/h ndipo kugundana kumachitika, sensa yakutsogolo ndi sensa yotetezeka yolumikizidwa motsatizana nthawi imodzi imayika chizindikiro cha kugundana ku chowongolera zamagetsi ndikupereka lamulo loti liphulitse chofufumitsa chamagetsi cha chotenthetsera lamba la mpando. Komabe, chizindikiro chotumizidwa ndi sensa yapakati sichingathe kulola wowongolera zamagetsi kupereka lamulo loti liphulitse chofufumitsa chamagetsi cha thumba la mpweya. Chifukwa chake, pakagwa kugundana kwa liwiro lochepa (ndi kuchepa pang'ono), bola ngati chotsitsimutsa chikakoka lamba la mpando kumbuyo, ndikokwanira kuteteza dalaivala ndi okwera kuti asagwere patsogolo.
Pamene kuthamanga kwamphamvu (komwe kumachepa kwambiri) kukuchitika, sensa yakutsogolo ndi sensa yapakati nthawi imodzi zimayika zizindikiro zokhuza ku wolamulira wamagetsi. Pambuyo poweruza mwachangu, wolamulira wamagetsi amapereka malangizo oti nthawi imodzi aphulitse zophulitsa zamagetsi za zotenthetsera zamagetsi zakumanzere ndi kumanja ndi matumba awiri a mpweya. Pamene lamba la mpando limangika kumbuyo, matumba awiri a mpweya amatuluka nthawi imodzi, kutenga mphamvu yokhuza yomwe imapangidwa ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa dalaivala ndi okwera, kuteteza bwino chitetezo chawo.
Galimoto ikagundana ndi chinthu chokhazikika patsogolo, galimoto ikayenda mofulumira, imachepetsa liwiro, ndipo mphamvu yomwe sensor imalandira idzakhala yayikulu. Ngati mphamvu zomwe sensor yakutsogolo ndi sensor yapakati zimagawidwa m'malire apamwamba ndi otsika, ndiko kuti, liwiro lomwe sensor yakutsogolo imagundana ndi lochepera kuposa mtengo wotsika wa 30km/h, ndipo mtengo wofananira wa sensor yachitetezo ndi mtengo wotsika, ndiye kuti galimoto ikagundana ndi liwiro lotsika, chowongolera zamagetsi chimangoyambitsa chotenthetsera cha lamba lachitetezo. Ngati mtengo wokonzedweratu wa sensor yapakati ndi malire apamwamba, galimoto ikagundana ndi liwiro lalikulu, sensor yakutsogolo, sensor yapakati ndi sensor yachitetezo nthawi imodzi zimatulutsa chizindikiro cha kugundana kwa chowongolera zamagetsi. Chowongolera zamagetsi chimaphulitsa zotulutsira zamagetsi zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malamba achitetezo amangike ndipo ma airbags ayambe kugwira ntchito.
Zimatenga pafupifupi 10ms kuchokera pamene ngozi yachitika, chizindikiro chomwe chimatumizidwa ndi sensa kupita kwa wowongolera kuti aphulitse chofufumitsa chamagetsi. Pambuyo pophulika, jenereta ya gasi imapanga nayitrogeni wambiri, womwe unadzaza mwachangu thumba la mpweya. Kuyambira pamene ngozi yachitika mpaka kupangidwa kwa thumba la mpweya kenako mpaka kumangidwa kwa lamba wa mpando, njira yonseyi imatenga ma millisecond 30 mpaka 35. Chifukwa chake, chitetezo cha dongosolo la thumba la mpweya ndi chabwino kwambiri.
Chikwama cha mpweya chikaphulika, mpweya wambiri umalowa mu chikwama cha mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chizigwira ntchito bwino, zomwe sizingathandize kuyamwa mphamvu ya mpweya. Chifukwa chake, pali mabowo awiri otulutsa mpweya kumbuyo kwa chikwama cha mpweya kuti achepetse kupanikizika, zomwe zimathandiza kuteteza chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi okwera.
Monga njira yothandizira chitetezo cha magalimoto, ikukopa chidwi cha anthu kwambiri. Galimoto ikagundana ndi chopinga, imatchedwa kugundana koyamba. Wokwera akagundana ndi gawo lamkati, imatchedwa kugundana kwachiwiri. Chikwama cha mpweya chimatsegula mwachangu khushoni yodzaza ndi mpweya pambuyo pa kugundana koyamba komanso kugundana kwachiwiri kusanachitike, zomwe zimapangitsa wokwerayo "kugwera pa khushoni" chifukwa cha kutopa akamayenda, motero kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa wokwerayo ndikuyamwa mphamvu ya kugundana, kuchepetsa kuvulala kwa wokwerayo.
Ma airbags apangidwa mofulumira, ndipo mitengo yawo yatsika kwambiri. Magalimoto okhala ndi ma airbags nawonso asintha kuchoka pa ma sedan apakati mpaka apamwamba kupita ku apakati mpaka otsika. Pakadali pano, magalimoto ena ali ndi ma airbags okwera (monga, ma airbags awiri) m'mipando yakutsogolo. Ma airbags okwera ndi ofanana ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madalaivala, kupatula kuti ndi akuluakulu ndipo amafunikira mafuta ambiri. Kuyambira m'ma 1990, magwiridwe antchito a airbags avomerezedwa kwambiri ndi anthu ndipo amaonedwa ngati chipangizo chamakono komanso chapamwamba kwambiri chachitetezo. Kumvetsetsa mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndi njira zodzitetezera za airbags kumachita gawo lofunika kwambiri podziteteza bwino. Komabe, kwa oyendetsa, kuyendetsa bwino kumabwera patsogolo, komwe palibe chipangizo chapamwamba chachitetezo chomwe chingalowe m'malo.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Malingaliro a kampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa MG&MAXUSzida zamagalimoto zalandiridwa kugula.
