Lumikizani pisitoni ndi crankshaft, ndipo perekani mphamvu ya pisitoni ku crankshaft, kutembenuza kubwereza kwa pisitoni kukhala kozungulira kwa crankshaft.
Gulu la ndodo zolumikizira limapangidwa ndi ndodo yolumikizira, ndodo yolumikizira ndodo yayikulu, ndodo yolumikizira, ndodo yolumikizira chitsamba chachikulu ndi zomangira zolumikizira (kapena zomangira).Gulu la ndodo yolumikizira limagonjetsedwa ndi mphamvu ya gasi kuchokera ku pistoni, kugwedezeka kwake komanso mphamvu yobwerezabwereza ya gulu la pistoni.Ukulu ndi malangizo a mphamvu zimenezi zimasintha nthawi ndi nthawi.Chifukwa chake, ndodo yolumikizira imayang'aniridwa ndi katundu wosinthasintha monga kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika.Ndodo yolumikizira iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zotopa komanso kusasunthika kwamapangidwe.Kutopa kosakwanira nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti ndodo yolumikizira kapena bawuti ya ndodo ithyoke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ngozi yaikulu ya kuwonongeka kwa makina onse.Ngati kuumako sikukukwanira, kumayambitsa kupindika kwa ndodoyo ndikupindika mozungulira kumapeto kwakukulu kwa ndodo yolumikizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pisitoni, silinda, kubera ndi pini ya crank kuvala.
Kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe
Thupi la ndodo yolumikizira lili ndi magawo atatu, gawo lolumikizidwa ndi pistoni limatchedwa nsonga yaying'ono ya ndodo yolumikizira;gawo lolumikizidwa ndi crankshaft limatchedwa malekezero akulu a ndodo yolumikizira, ndipo gawo lomwe limalumikiza nsonga yaying'ono ndi mathero akulu limatchedwa thupi lolumikizira.
Mapeto ang'onoang'ono a ndodo yolumikizira nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala ya annular.Pofuna kuchepetsa kuvala pakati pa ndodo yolumikizira ndi pistoni, chitsamba chamkuwa chokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala chimakanikizidwa mu dzenje laling'ono.Kubowola kapena mphero pamutu waung'ono ndi tchire kulola mafuta akuthwa kuti alowe m'malo okwerera amafuta opaka mafuta ndi piston.
Mtsinje wolumikizira ndodo ndi ndodo yayitali, ndipo imayikidwanso ndi mphamvu zazikulu panthawi ya ntchito.Pofuna kuteteza kuti zisapindike ndi kupunduka, thupi la ndodo liyenera kukhala lolimba mokwanira.Pachifukwa ichi, zida zambiri zolumikizira ndodo za injini zamagalimoto zimagwiritsa ntchito zigawo zooneka ngati I, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa misa ndi kulimba kokwanira komanso mphamvu, ndipo zigawo zooneka ngati H zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu injini zolimba kwambiri.Injini zina zimagwiritsa ntchito kachigawo kakang'ono ka ndodo yolumikizira kupopera mafuta kuti aziziziritsa pisitoni, ndipo bowo liyenera kubowoleredwa molunjika mbali ya thupi la ndodo.Pofuna kupewa kupsinjika maganizo, kugwirizana pakati pa ndodo yolumikizira thupi ndi malekezero ang'onoang'ono ndi mapeto aakulu amatenga kusintha kosalala kwa arc yaikulu.
Kuti muchepetse kugwedezeka kwa injini, kusiyana kwamtundu wa ndodo iliyonse yolumikizira kuyenera kukhala yocheperako.Posonkhanitsa injini mu fakitale, nthawi zambiri imagawidwa molingana ndi kulemera kwa mbali zazikulu ndi zazing'ono za ndodo yolumikizira mu magalamu.Gulu lolumikizira ndodo.
Pa injini ya V-mtundu, masilindala ofananira a mizere yakumanzere ndi yakumanja amagawana pini, ndipo ndodo zolumikizira zimakhala ndi mitundu itatu: ndodo zolumikizirana, ndodo zolumikizira mphanda ndi ndodo zazikulu ndi zothandizira.
Mtundu waukulu wa kuwonongeka
Mitundu yayikulu yowonongeka ya ndodo zolumikizira ndi kuthyoka kwa kutopa komanso kupunduka kwambiri.Kawirikawiri fractures ya kutopa imakhala m'madera atatu opanikizika kwambiri pa ndodo yolumikizira.Mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito ya ndodo yolumikizira imafuna ndodo yolumikizira kuti ikhale ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kukana kutopa;imafunikanso kukhazikika kokwanira ndi kulimba.Muukadaulo waukadaulo wolumikizira ndodo, zidazo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chozimitsidwa komanso chotenthedwa monga zitsulo 45, 40Cr kapena 40MnB, zomwe zimakhala zolimba kwambiri.Choncho, zipangizo zatsopano zolumikizira ndodo opangidwa ndi makampani German galimoto monga C70S6 mkulu mpweya microalloy sanali kuzimitsidwa ndi mtima zitsulo, SPLITASCO mndandanda Forged zitsulo, FRACTIM zitsulo zopeka ndi S53CV-FS zitsulo zitsulo, etc. (pamwambapa onse German din mfundo ).Ngakhale zitsulo za alloy zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kupsinjika maganizo.Choncho, zofunika okhwima zimafunika mu mawonekedwe a ndodo kulumikiza, kwambiri fillet, etc., ndi chidwi ayenera kuperekedwa kwa pamwamba processing khalidwe kusintha kutopa mphamvu, apo ayi ntchito mkulu-mphamvu aloyi zitsulo sangakwaniritse ankafuna. zotsatira.
