Pistoni mphete.
Mphete ya pisitoni (Piston mphete) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika pisitoni mkati mwa mphete yachitsulo, mphete ya pisitoni imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mphete yophatikizira ndi mphete yamafuta. Mphete yopondereza itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza gasi wosakaniza woyaka muchipinda choyaka; Mphete yamafuta imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mafuta ochulukirapo mu silinda. Mphete ya pisitoni ndi mtundu wa mphete zotanuka zachitsulo zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe akulu okulirapo akunja, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mumbiri ndi poyambira pake. Mphete za pistoni zobwerezabwereza komanso zozungulira zimadalira kusiyana kwa mpweya kapena madzi kuti apange chisindikizo pakati pa bwalo lakunja la mphete ndi silinda ndi mbali imodzi ya mphete ndi poyambira mphete.
Ntchito ya mphete ya pisitoni imaphatikizapo kusindikiza, kuwongolera mafuta (kuwongolera mafuta), kuwongolera kutentha (kutengera kutentha), kuwongolera (thandizo) magawo anayi. Kusindikiza: Kumatanthawuza kusindikiza gasi, musalole kuti mpweya woyaka m'chipindacho utsike ku crankcase, kutayikira kwa mpweya kumayendetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, kuwongolera kutentha. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya sikungochepetsa mphamvu ya injini, komanso kumapangitsa kuti mafuta awonongeke, omwe ndi ntchito yaikulu ya mphete ya gasi; Sinthani mafuta (kuwongolera mafuta): mafuta owonjezera opaka pakhoma la silinda amachotsedwa, ndipo khoma la silinda limakutidwa ndi filimu yopyapyala yamafuta kuti zitsimikizire kuti silinda ndi pisitoni ndi mphete, yomwe ndi ntchito yayikulu. mphete ya mafuta. M'mainjini amakono othamanga kwambiri, chidwi chapadera chimaperekedwa ku filimu yamafuta a piston ring control; Kutentha kwa pisitoni: kutentha kwa pisitoni kumaperekedwa ku liner ya silinda kudzera mu mphete ya pistoni, ndiko kuti, kuzizira. Malinga ndi deta yodalirika, 70 ~ 80% ya kutentha komwe kumalandiridwa ndi pisitoni pamwamba pa pisitoni yosakhazikika kumamwazikana kudzera mu mphete ya pisitoni kupita ku khoma la silinda, ndipo 30 ~ 40% ya pisitoni yozizira imamwazikana kudzera mu mphete ya pistoni kupita ku silinda. khoma; Thandizo: Mphete ya pistoni imasunga pisitoni mu silinda, imalepheretsa kukhudzana kwachindunji pakati pa pisitoni ndi khoma la silinda, imawonetsetsa kuyenda bwino kwa pisitoni, imachepetsa kugundana, ndikuletsa pisitoni kugogoda silinda. Nthawi zambiri, pisitoni ya injini yamafuta imagwiritsa ntchito mphete ziwiri za gasi ndi mphete imodzi yamafuta, pomwe injini ya dizilo nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito mphete ziwiri zamafuta ndi mphete imodzi yamafuta.
Njira yolondola yoyika mphete ya piston ndi motere:
1. Choyamba muyenera kukhazikitsa mphete ya mafuta, ndiye mphete ya gasi, dongosolo ndi pansi-mmwamba;
2. Pamene mphete iliyonse imayikidwa, kutsegula kwa mphete ya pistoni sikuyenera kuwonjezereka kwambiri, yokwanira kuti ilowe mu pisitoni;
3. Ikani mphete yamafuta ophatikizana:
Ikani mphete ya liner mu pisitoni mphete yamafuta, tcherani khutu pakutsegula kwa mpheteyo sikungagwirizane; Ikani mbale zachitsulo zam'munsi ndi zam'mwamba popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zida zotsegula zotsegula. Mukayikapo, choyamba thinani mbali imodzi ya mbale yotsika yachitsulo mu kagawo ka mphete, kanikizani malo otsegulira chitsulo ndi chala chanu chachikulu, lowetsani chala chachikulu cha dzanja lina mu mphete yozungulira mbali ya mbale yachitsulo, ndiyeno lowetsani chapamwamba zitsulo mbale chimodzimodzi. Musayike zitsulo zam'mwamba ndi zam'munsi kumbali imodzi ya mphete ya liner; Kuti mupewe kuphatikizika kwa mphete za liner pamene pisitoni ikankhidwira mu silinda, yesani mipata ya pamwamba ndi yapansi ndi 90 mpaka 120 madigiri. Mukatha kuyika, tembenuzani pang'onopang'ono mphete yamafuta ophatikizika ndi dzanja, ndipo iyenera kukhala yosalala popanda kukakamira.
4. Kuyika mphete ya gasi:
Gwiritsani ntchito zida zapadera kuti muyike mphete ziwiri za gasi ndi mphete imodzi ya gasi motsatira, musasinthe mphete yoyamba ya gasi ndi mphete yachiwiri ya gasi; Mukayika, mbaliyo imalembedwa (HYR, HY, CSR, TLK, ALS, H, R, etc.). Ayenera kuyang'ana mmwamba (kuwongolera mutu wa pisitoni); Yendetsani kutsegulira kwa mphete ya gasi madigiri 180, musatembenuzire kutseguka kwa piston.
5. Musanasonkhanitse mphete ya pistoni mu silinda, m'pofunika kusintha malo otsegulira mphete iliyonse ya pistoni.
Ntchito ya mphete ya piston:
1. Kusindikiza zotsatira
Mphete ya pistoni imatha kusunga chisindikizo pakati pa pisitoni ndi khoma la silinda, ndipo kutayikira kumayendetsedwa pang'ono, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi mphete yamafuta. Itha kuteteza silinda ndi pisitoni kapena silinda ndi pisitoni mphete chifukwa cha kutayikira kwa mpweya pakati pa kuluma; Zingathenso kuteteza kulephera kwa mafuta chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mafuta.
Khwerero 2 Yambani kutentha
Mphete ya pisitoni imatha kusamutsa ndikumwaza kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumapangidwa ndi kuyaka ku khoma la silinda, ndipo imatha kuchitapo kanthu poziziritsa pisitoni.
3. Ntchito yolamulira mafuta
Mphete ya pisitoni imatha kusala mafuta opaka pakhoma la silinda kuti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino mafuta, omwe amatengedwa ndi mphete yamafuta.
4. Kuthandizira zotsatira
Mphete ya pistoni imasunthira mmwamba ndi pansi mu silinda, ndipo malo ake otsetsereka amanyamulidwa kwathunthu ndi mphete ya pisitoni, kulepheretsa pisitoni kukhudzana ndi silinda mwachindunji ndikusewera gawo lothandizira.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya mphete za pistoni: mphete zamafuta ndi mphete zamafuta. Mphete ya gasi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira chisindikizo pakati pa pisitoni ndi silinda ndi kusindikiza mpweya woponderezedwa muchipinda choyaka. Mphete yamafuta imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mafuta ochulukirapo pa silinda, zomwe zimatha kulepheretsa mafuta kuthawira mu silinda ndikuyaka.
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