Compressor yamagalimoto yama air-conditioning ndiye mtima wa makina oziziritsira mpweya wamagalimoto ndipo umagwira ntchito yopanikiza ndikunyamula mpweya wa refrigerant.Pali mitundu iwiri ya ma compressor: kusamutsidwa kosasinthika komanso kusamuka kosiyana.Kutengera ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, ma compressor owongolera mpweya amatha kugawidwa kukhala ma compressor osasunthika osasunthika komanso ma compressor osuntha.
Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, ma compressor amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu yobwereza komanso yozungulira.Ma compressor wamba omwe amabwereranso amaphatikiza mtundu wa crankshaft wolumikizira ndodo ndi mtundu wa axial piston, ndipo ma compressor wamba ozungulira amaphatikiza mtundu wa rotary vane ndi mtundu wa mipukutu.
Compressor yamagalimoto yama air-conditioning ndiye mtima wa makina oziziritsira mpweya wamagalimoto ndipo umagwira ntchito yopanikiza ndikunyamula mpweya wa refrigerant.
Gulu
Ma compressor amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: kusamuka kosasinthika komanso kusamuka kosiyana.
Ma compressor a air-conditioner nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'mitundu yobwereza komanso yozungulira malinga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito mkati.
Ntchito mfundo gulu kusintha kuwulutsa
Kutengera ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, ma compressor owongolera mpweya amatha kugawidwa kukhala ma compressor osasunthika osasunthika komanso ma compressor osuntha.
Compressor yosasunthika yosasunthika
Kusamuka kwa kompresa yokhazikika-kusamuka kumakula molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa liwiro la injini.Sizingasinthire mphamvu zotulutsa mphamvu molingana ndi kufunika kozizira, ndipo zimakhudza kwambiri mafuta a injini.Kuwongolera kwake nthawi zambiri kumasonkhanitsa chizindikiro cha kutentha kwa mpweya wa evaporator.Kutentha kukafika pa kutentha kokhazikitsidwa, clutch ya electromagnetic ya kompresa imatulutsidwa ndipo kompresa imasiya kugwira ntchito.Kutentha kukakwera, clutch ya electromagnetic imagwira ntchito ndipo kompresa imayamba kugwira ntchito.Compressor yosasunthika yosasunthika imayendetsedwanso ndi kukakamizidwa kwa mpweya wabwino.Kuthamanga kwa payipi kukakwera kwambiri, kompresa imasiya kugwira ntchito.
Compressor ya air conditioner yosinthika
The variable displacement compressor imatha kusintha mphamvu yamagetsi malinga ndi kutentha komwe kumayikidwa.Makina owongolera ma air-conditioning samatengera kutentha kwa mpweya wa evaporator, koma amawongolera kuchuluka kwa kuponderezana kwa kompresa malinga ndi kusintha kwamphamvu kwapaipi yowongolera mpweya kuti isinthe kutentha kwa mpweya.Munthawi yonse ya firiji, compressor imagwira ntchito nthawi zonse, ndipo kusintha kwa mphamvu ya firiji kumayendetsedwa kwathunthu ndi valavu yoyendetsera kuthamanga yomwe imayikidwa mkati mwa compressor.Pamene kupanikizika kumapeto kwa payipi ya air-conditioning kwapamwamba kwambiri, valavu yowongolera mpweya imafupikitsa pisitoni ya pistoni mu kompresa kuti muchepetse chiŵerengero cha kuponderezana, zomwe zingachepetse mphamvu ya firiji.Pamene kupanikizika kwapakatikati kumatsika mpaka kufika pamtunda wina ndipo kupanikizika kwapakatikati kumakwera kufika pamtunda wina, valavu yoyendetsa mphamvu yowonjezera imawonjezera pisitoni kuti iwonjezere mphamvu ya firiji.
Gulu la kalembedwe ka ntchito
Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, ma compressor amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu yobwereza komanso yozungulira.Ma compressor wamba omwe amabwereranso amaphatikiza mtundu wa crankshaft wolumikizira ndodo ndi mtundu wa axial piston, ndipo ma compressor wamba ozungulira amaphatikiza mtundu wa rotary vane ndi mtundu wa mipukutu.
Kulumikiza ndodo ya Crankshaft
Njira yogwirira ntchito ya kompresa iyi imatha kugawidwa m'zinayi, ndiye kupsinjika, kutulutsa, kukulitsa, kuyamwa.Pamene crankshaft ikuzungulira, ndodo yolumikizira imayendetsa pisitoni kuti ibwererenso, ndipo voliyumu yogwira ntchito yopangidwa ndi khoma lamkati la silinda, mutu wa silinda ndi pamwamba pa pisitoni zimasintha nthawi ndi nthawi, motero kukakamiza ndi kutumiza firiji mufiriji. .Compressor ya crankshaft yolumikizira ndodo ndiye kompresa wa m'badwo woyamba.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ali ndi ukadaulo wopanga okhwima, kapangidwe kake kosavuta, zofunikira zotsika pazinthu zopangira ndi ukadaulo wopanga, komanso mtengo wotsika.Imakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwamphamvu, imatha kutengera kupanikizika kosiyanasiyana ndi zofunikira za firiji, ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu zokhazikika.
Komabe, crankshaft yolumikizira ndodo kompresa imakhalanso ndi zofooka zina zodziwikiratu, monga kulephera kukwaniritsa liwiro lalikulu, makinawo ndi akulu komanso olemetsa, ndipo sikophweka kupeza kulemera kopepuka.Utsiwo umakhala wosapitirira, mpweya umakhala wosavuta kusinthasintha, ndipo pamakhala kugwedezeka kwakukulu pakugwira ntchito.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe omwe ali pamwambawa a crankshaft-connecting-rod compressor, ma compressor ochepa ang'onoang'ono omwe atengera izi.Pakadali pano, ma compressor a crankshaft-connecting-rod amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makina akuluakulu owongolera mpweya wamagalimoto onyamula anthu ndi magalimoto.
Axial Piston Compressor
Ma compressor a axial piston amatha kutchedwa ma compressor a m'badwo wachiwiri, ndipo odziwika bwino ndi ma compressor a rocker-plate kapena swash-plate, omwe ndi zinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa kwambiri mumagetsi owongolera mpweya wamagalimoto.Zigawo zazikulu za kompresa mbale ndi tsinde lalikulu ndi mbale swash.Ma cylinders amakonzedwa mozungulira ndi tsinde lalikulu la kompresa ngati pakati, ndipo mayendedwe a pistoni amafanana ndi tsinde lalikulu la kompresa.Ma pistoni a ma compressor plate ambiri amapangidwa ngati ma pistoni amitu iwiri, monga axial 6-cylinder compressor, masilinda 3 ali kutsogolo kwa kompresa, ndipo ma silinda atatu ena ali kumbuyo kwa kompresa.Mapistoni amitu iwiri amayenda motsatana m'masilinda otsutsana nawo.Pamene mbali imodzi ya pisitoni ikanikiza mpweya wa refrigerant kutsogolo kwa silinda, mbali ina ya pistoni imakoka mpweya wa refrigerant mu silinda yakumbuyo.Silinda iliyonse imakhala ndi ma valve othamanga kwambiri komanso otsika, ndipo chitoliro china champhamvu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza zipinda zakutsogolo ndi kumbuyo.Chipinda chokhazikika chimakhazikitsidwa ndi shaft yayikulu ya kompresa, m'mphepete mwa mbale yokhazikika imasonkhanitsidwa mu poyambira pakati pa pisitoni, ndipo piston groove ndi m'mphepete mwa mbale yotsatiridwa imathandizidwa ndi zitsulo zazitsulo.Mtsinje waukulu ukazungulira, mbale ya swash imazunguliranso, ndipo m'mphepete mwa mbaleyo imakankhira pisitoni kuti ibwezerenso axially.Ngati mbale ya swash izungulira kamodzi, ma pistoni awiri kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo aliyense amamaliza kupondaponda, kutulutsa mpweya, kukulitsa, ndi kuyamwa, zomwe ndi zofanana ndi ntchito ya masilinda awiri.Ngati ndi axial 6-silinda kompresa, 3 masilindala ndi 3 mitu iwiri pistoni amagawidwa mofanana pa gawo la silinda chipika.Pamene tsinde lalikulu limazungulira kamodzi, ndilofanana ndi zotsatira za masilinda 6.
Compressor ya mbale ya swash ndiyosavuta kukwaniritsa miniaturization ndi kulemera kopepuka, ndipo imatha kukwaniritsa ntchito yothamanga kwambiri.Ili ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizika, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso magwiridwe antchito odalirika.Pambuyo pozindikira kusamuka kosinthika, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pama air conditioner apagalimoto.
Compressor ya Rotary Vane
Pali mitundu iwiri ya mawonekedwe a silinda a rotary vane compressor: zozungulira ndi oval.Mu silinda yozungulira, tsinde lalikulu la rotor liri ndi mtunda wapakati kuchokera pakatikati pa silinda, kotero kuti rotor imamangiriridwa kwambiri pakati pa mabowo otsekemera ndi otayira pamtunda wamkati wa silinda.Mu silinda ya elliptical, olamulira wamkulu wa rotor ndi pakati pa ellipse zimagwirizana.Masamba pa rotor amagawaniza silinda m'malo angapo.Pamene shaft yaikulu imayendetsa rotor kuti itembenuke kamodzi, kuchuluka kwa malowa kumasintha mosalekeza, ndipo mpweya wa refrigerant umasinthanso mphamvu ndi kutentha m'malo awa.Ma rotary vane compressor alibe valavu yoyamwa chifukwa ma vanes amagwira ntchito yoyamwa ndi kukanikiza mufiriji.Ngati pali masamba awiri, pali njira ziwiri zotulutsa mpweya mu kasinthasintha umodzi wa shaft yayikulu.Kuchuluka masamba, ang'onoang'ono kompresa kutulutsa kusinthasintha.
Monga kompresa ya m'badwo wachitatu, chifukwa voliyumu ndi kulemera kwa rotary vane kompresa zitha kupangidwa zazing'ono, ndizosavuta kuziyika mu kagawo kakang'ono ka injini, kuphatikiza zabwino zaphokoso lotsika ndi kugwedezeka, komanso mphamvu yayikulu ya volumetric, ndi amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamakina owongolera mpweya wamagalimoto.ndapeza ntchito.Komabe, rotary vane compressor ili ndi zofunika kwambiri pakulondola kwa makina komanso mtengo wokwera wopanga.
mpukutu kompresa
Ma compressor oterowo amatha kutchedwa 4th generation compressor.Kapangidwe ka ma compressor scroll amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mtundu wokhazikika komanso wosasunthika komanso mtundu wakusintha kawiri.Pakalipano, mtundu wa dynamic ndi static ndiyo ntchito yofala kwambiri.Zigawo zake zogwirira ntchito zimapangidwa makamaka ndi turbine yamphamvu ndi turbine yokhazikika.Mapangidwe a ma turbines osunthika komanso osasunthika ndi ofanana kwambiri, ndipo onse amapangidwa ndi mbale yomaliza komanso dzino lozungulira lomwe limatuluka kuchokera kumapeto, ziwirizi zimakonzedwa mokhazikika ndipo kusiyana kwake ndi 180 °, turbine yokhazikika imayima, ndipo turbine yosuntha imayendetsedwa mozungulira ndikutembenuzidwa ndi crankshaft pansi pa chopinga chapadera chotsutsana ndi kuzungulira, ndiko kuti, palibe kuzungulira, kusinthika kokha.Ma compressor a scroll ali ndi zabwino zambiri.Mwachitsanzo, kompresa ndi yaying'ono kukula kwake komanso kulemera kwake, ndipo shaft ya eccentric yomwe imayendetsa kuyenda kwa turbine imatha kuzungulira mwachangu.Chifukwa palibe valavu yoyamwa ndi valavu yotulutsa, kompresa ya scroll imagwira ntchito modalirika, ndipo ndikosavuta kuzindikira kusuntha kwa liwiro komanso ukadaulo wosinthira.Zipinda zoponderezera zingapo zimagwira ntchito nthawi imodzi, kusiyana kwa mpweya pakati pa zipinda zopondera zoyandikana ndizochepa, kutayikira kwa mpweya ndikocheperako, ndipo mphamvu ya voliyumu ndiyokwera kwambiri.Ma compressor a mpukutu agwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafiriji ang'onoang'ono chifukwa cha zabwino zake zamapangidwe ophatikizika, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri komanso kupulumutsa mphamvu, kugwedezeka pang'ono ndi phokoso lotsika, komanso kudalirika kogwira ntchito, motero kukhala imodzi mwamagawo akuluakulu aukadaulo wa kompresa. chitukuko.
Common malfunctions
Monga gawo logwira ntchito mothamanga kwambiri, kompresa ya air conditioner imakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wolephera.Zolakwa zambiri ndi phokoso losazolowereka, kutayikira komanso kusagwira ntchito.
(1) Phokoso lachilendo Pali zifukwa zambiri zaphokoso lachilendo la kompresa.Mwachitsanzo, ma electromagnetic clutch a kompresa awonongeka, kapena mkati mwa kompresa amavala kwambiri, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zingayambitse phokoso lachilendo.
①Ma electromagnetic clutch of compressor ndi malo wamba pomwe phokoso lachilendo limachitika.Compressor nthawi zambiri imayenda kuchokera pa liwiro lotsika kupita ku liwiro lalikulu pansi pa katundu wambiri, kotero kuti zofunikira za clutch yamagetsi ndizokwera kwambiri, ndipo malo oyika ma electromagnetic clutch nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi nthaka, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi madzi amvula ndi dothi.Pamene kunyamula mu clutch electromagnetic kuonongeka phokoso zachilendo zimachitika.
②Kuphatikiza pa vuto la ma electromagnetic clutch palokha, kulimba kwa lamba wa compressor drive kumakhudzanso moyo wa clutch yamagetsi.Ngati lamba wotumizira ndi womasuka kwambiri, clutch yamagetsi imakonda kuterera;ngati lamba wopatsirana ndi wothina kwambiri, katundu pa clutch yamagetsi amawonjezeka.Pamene kulimba kwa lamba wotumizira sikuli kolondola, kompresa sigwira ntchito pamlingo wopepuka, ndipo kompresa idzawonongeka ikalemera.Pamene lamba woyendetsa akugwira ntchito, ngati pulley ya compressor ndi pulley ya jenereta siziri mu ndege yomweyo, zidzachepetsa moyo wa lamba woyendetsa galimoto kapena kompresa.
③ Kuyamwa kobwerezabwereza ndi kutseka kwa clutch yamagetsi kumapangitsanso phokoso lachilendo mu kompresa.Mwachitsanzo, kutulutsa mphamvu kwa jenereta sikukwanira, kukakamiza kwa makina owongolera mpweya ndikokwera kwambiri, kapena kuchuluka kwa injini kumakhala kokulirapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti clutch yamagetsi ibwere mobwerezabwereza.
④Payenera kukhala kusiyana kwina pakati pa clutch ya electromagnetic ndi pamwamba pa compressor.Ngati kusiyana kuli kwakukulu, zotsatira zake zidzawonjezekanso.Ngati kusiyana kuli kochepa kwambiri, clutch yamagetsi imasokoneza kukwera kwa kompresa panthawi yogwira ntchito.Izi ndizomwe zimayambitsanso phokoso lachilendo.
⑤ Compressor imafunikira mafuta odalirika akamagwira ntchito.Pamene kompresa ilibe mafuta opaka, kapena mafuta opaka osagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, phokoso lalikulu lachilendo limachitika mkati mwa kompresa, ndipo ngakhale kupangitsa kuti kompresa itope ndikutaya.
(2) Leakage Refrigerant leakage ndiye vuto lofala kwambiri pamakina owongolera mpweya.Mbali yotuluka ya kompresa nthawi zambiri imakhala pamphambano ya kompresa ndi mapaipi apamwamba komanso otsika, pomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuyang'ana chifukwa cha malo oyikapo.Kuthamanga kwa mkati mwa air-conditioning system ndikwambiri, ndipo firiji ikatuluka, mafuta a compressor amatayika, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti mpweya wa mpweya usagwire ntchito kapena kuti compressor isatenthedwe bwino.Pali ma valve oteteza kupsinjika pama air conditioner compressor.Ma valve oteteza kupsinjika nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi.Pambuyo pa kupanikizika kwadongosolo kwambiri, valve yotetezera kupanikizika iyenera kusinthidwa panthawi yake.
(3) Kusagwira ntchito Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe kompresa ya air conditioner siigwira ntchito, nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha mavuto okhudzana ndi dera.Mutha kuyang'anatu ngati kompresa yawonongeka popereka mphamvu mwachindunji ku clutch yamagetsi ya kompresa.
Njira zodzitetezera ku air conditioning
Zinthu zachitetezo zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa mukamagwira mafiriji
(1) Osagwiritsa ntchito firiji pamalo otsekedwa kapena pafupi ndi lawi lotseguka;
(2) Magalasi oteteza ayenera kuvala;
(3) Pewani mufiriji wamadzimadzi kulowa m'maso kapena kuwaza pakhungu;
(4) Osaloza pansi pa thanki ya refrigerant kwa anthu, akasinja ena a refrigerant amakhala ndi zida zolowera mwadzidzidzi pansi;
(5) Osayika thanki ya furiji mwachindunji m'madzi otentha ndi kutentha kuposa 40 ° C;
(6) Ngati firiji yamadzimadzi ilowa m'maso kapena kukhudza khungu, musamayipaka, muzimutsuka nthawi yomweyo ndi madzi ozizira ambiri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo pitani kuchipatala kuti mukapeze dokotala kuti akuthandizeni, ndipo musayese kuthana ndi vutoli. nayo wekha.
