Kuwonongeka kwa magalimoto kwabweretsa zoopsa zazikulu zobisika pa chitetezo chathu cha paulendo. Monga munthu wodziwa bwino ntchito yokonza magalimoto, tiyenera kudziwa bwino zinthu zofunika pa kukonza magalimoto.
1. Pa magalimoto omwe alumikizidwa mwachisawawa kapena odzilumikiza okha ku zida zamagetsi ndi mawu mgalimoto, choyamba yang'anani magawo olumikizana ndi dera la magawo olumikizana, ndikuthetsa vuto. Chifukwa cha kulumikizana mwachisawawa kwa zida zamagetsi ndi zida zomvera, n'zosavuta kwambiri kuyambitsa kulephera kwa kompyuta yagalimoto ndi zida zina zamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, kulephera kotereku kuyenera kuchotsedwa kaye, kenako kukonzedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi zida zina zowonongeka, zomwe zingapewe kukonzanso ndi kukonza mobwerezabwereza.
2. Pa galimoto yomwe sinakonzedwe kwa nthawi yayitali, choyamba muyenera kuyang'ana khodi ya VIN ya galimotoyo ya manambala 17, kupeza mtundu, mtundu, ndi chaka, ndikuchita kafukufuku. Musamavutike kuyang'ana kaye galimoto yoyesera. Nthawi zambiri mtundu uwu wa galimoto umachotsedwa mwachisawawa ndi kukonzedwa ndi "shopu ya m'mbali mwa msewu" zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kovuta, ndipo ziwalo zomwe zachotsedwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zonyenga komanso zosalimba. Chifukwa chake, mikhalidwe yokonza (ikhoza kukonzedwa, nthawi yokonza, ndi zina zotero) iyenera kulengezedwa kwa mwiniwake kuti apewe zolakwika. Popeza pali maphunziro ambiri otere, ndikofunikira kusamala zisanachitike.
3. Kuyambira pa kafukufuku wa zida zokonzera magalimoto, zida zokonzera magalimoto nthawi zambiri zimakhala malo omwe nthawi zambiri amalephera. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zosowa za msika, zida zokonzera mpweya zakhala zikuyikidwa m'zaka zaposachedwa, koma injini sinakonzedwenso. Chokonzera mpweya chikayikidwa, mphamvu imachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injini yoyambirira ikhale yopanda mphamvu komanso mpweya woipa. Chokometsera mpweya chimatsekedwa mobwerezabwereza ndipo chimayaka mosavuta. Chifukwa chake, malo olakwika amatha kudziwika mwachangu kudzera mu phokoso la chokonzera mpweya. Mukayika turbocharger pagalimoto ya Iveco, zigawo zina zimakhala zaubwino woipa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya utuluke komanso kuti mpweya ukhale wotentha. Chifukwa chake, injini imakhala yofooka ikakwera ndi kuthamanga (ikhoza kuweruzidwa kuchokera ku phokoso). Choyamba mutha kuwona ndikuwona turbocharger. Ngati chipangizocho chili ndi phokoso loipa komanso phokoso losazolowereka.
4. Pezani cholakwika kuchokera ku zigawo zomwe zasinthidwa. Pa magalimoto odzisinthira okha, monga kugwiritsa ntchito R134 coolant posintha mafuta kukhala dizilo, ndi ma air conditioner owonjezera fluorine, ngati galimotoyo ilibe mphamvu zokwanira, zida zamagetsi zayaka, ndipo mpweya wozizira ndi woipa kapena wowonongeka, choyamba muyenera kuyang'ana chosinthira magetsi, dera losinthira ndi magawo osinthira a air conditioner Eligibility.
5. Kuti magalimoto akonzedwe, choyamba yang'anani malo okonzedweratu. Zinthu zotsatirazi: Ngati zida zosinthira ndi zachinyengo komanso zosalimba; ngati zida zochotsera sizinakhazikitsidwe bwino (kumanzere, kumanja, kutsogolo, kumbuyo, komanso mmwamba ndi pansi); ngati zida zolumikizirana zikugwirizana ndi zizindikiro zosonkhanitsira; ngati zida zochotsera zotayika (mabotolo ndi mtedza wofunikira) zasinthidwa malinga ndi zofunikira za wopanga, ma shaft pini, ma gasket, ma O-rings, ndi zina zotero); ngati zidazo (monga ma damping springs) zasinthidwa awiriawiri malinga ndi zofunikira za wopanga; ngati mayeso oyesa bwino (monga matayala) achitika pambuyo pokonza, ndipo zinthu zomwe zili pamwambapa zitachotsedwa, fufuzani ndikuwunikanso zida zina.
6. Pa magalimoto apamwamba omwe amaima ndipo ndi ovuta kuyatsa chifukwa cha kugundana ndi kugwedezeka kwamphamvu, yang'anani kaye chipangizo chotseka chitetezo, ndipo musayang'ane mwachisawawa ngati pali zinthu zina zomwe zalephera. Ndipotu, bola chipangizo chotseka chitetezo chikabwezeretsedwanso, galimotoyo ikhoza kuyambiranso. Fukang 988, Japanese Lexus, Ford ndi magalimoto ena ali ndi chipangizochi.
7. Pezani zolakwika kuchokera ku ziwalo zapakhomo. Poganizira malo a magalimoto ogwirizana, zina mwa ziwalo zopangidwa m'nyumba zomwe zimayikidwa pamagalimoto zimakhala zaubwino wochepa. Izi zitha kupezeka poyerekezera zomwe zachitika kale komanso zitasinthidwa. Mwachitsanzo, Iveco, ma brake drums, ma discs, ndi ma pads amasinthidwa ndi ziwalo zapakhomo pambuyo poti dongosolo la ma brake lakhala ndi vuto lalikulu kuposa ziwalo zoyambirira zomwe zidatumizidwa. Chifukwa chake, pofufuza ngati zalephera, muyenera kuyamba ndi izi. Musayang'ane kaye silinda ya brake master, sub-cylinder ndi zigawo zina. Pambuyo poti chidebe cha carbon pagalimoto ya Fukang EFI chasinthidwa ndi ziwalo zapakhomo, chimakhala chaphokoso komanso chosavuta kutulutsa mafuta. Chifukwa chake, injini ikapanga phokoso losazolowereka, choyamba onani ngati chidebe cha carbon chikugwira ntchito bwino. Zonsezi ndi zoona zomwe zilipo pakadali pano ndipo sizingapeweke.
8. Yambani ndi zida zojambulira zamagetsi zomwe sizili zamagetsi. Magalimoto ochokera kunja ndi magalimoto ogwirizana amakhala ndi mavuto oyambirira monga liwiro losagwira ntchito bwino komanso kuchedwa kwa liwiro. Choyamba, yang'anani ndikutsuka malo osungira mpweya ndi rabara kuchokera ku nozzles, mita yoyezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya, masensa owunikira kuthamanga kwa mpweya, ndi zipinda zosungira mpweya zomwe zimakhala ndi mpweya woipa zomwe zimakhala ndi mpweya woipa komanso guluu. Musayang'ane mosazindikira zinthu zina monga EFI, chifukwa zigawo za EFI nthawi zambiri zimakhala zodalirika, ndipo pakadali pano gawo lalikulu la kulephera kwa EFI kumachitika chifukwa cha mafuta otsika m'dziko langa.
Zomwe zili pamwambapa zikuwonetsa zomwe zimachitika pa kulephera kwa magalimoto komanso chidziwitso chokonza magalimoto. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimachitika pa kulephera kwa magalimoto?
Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati magwiridwe antchito a galimoto atsika?
Pamene magwiridwe antchito a galimoto atsika, njira zotsatirazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito: Pa fyuluta ya mafuta ndi mafuta, isintheni makilomita 5000 aliwonse, pomwe fyuluta ya mpweya ndi fyuluta ya mafuta ziyenera kusinthidwa makilomita 10,000 aliwonse. Kupanda kutero, zinyalala zomwe zili mumlengalenga, mafuta ndi mafuta zidzapangitsa kuti ziwalozo ziwonongeke ndikutseka njira ya mafuta, zomwe zingakhudze magwiridwe antchito a injini. Magalimoto ayenera kusamalidwa bwino, ndipo kukonza ndi kukonza kuyenera kuchitika nthawi zonse.
Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati tayala la galimoto laphwa?
Monga nsapato zomwe zili pamapazi anayi akuluakulu a galimoto, matayala nthawi zonse amakhala pafupi ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zovuta. Chifukwa chake, matayala nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana. Kutuluka kwa mpweya ndi chimodzi mwa izo. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi pansipa. Momwe mungathanirane ndi tayala lophwanyika:
Ngati galimoto yabowoledwa ndi chinthu chakuthwa ndipo yapangitsa kuti galimotoyo ituluke madzi, mutha kuyang'anitsitsa matayala a galimotoyo mokwanira. Ngati chiwongolero sichili bwino, imitsani galimotoyo pamalo otetezeka, kenako yang'anani ngati mpweya wa tayala watayika.
Ngati galimoto yatuluka chifukwa cha njira yolakwika yoyendetsera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyendetsera yomwe imasamala kwambiri momwe galimotoyo imagwirira ntchito.
1. Dziwani liwiro, ndipo pewani zinthu zakuthwa monga miyala pamsewu pakapita nthawi.
2. Mukayimitsa galimoto, yesetsani kupewa mano a pamsewu kuti mupewe kukanda.
3. Matayala ayenera kusinthidwa nthawi ikakwana pamene kukonza sikungatheke.
Ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati galimotoyo ikulephera kuyaka?
Mu nthawi yatsopanoyi yosiyana siyana, magalimoto si njira yonyamulira miyoyo ya anthu yokha, komanso ndi njira yowonetsera umunthu wa ogula, malingaliro awo, ndi zomwe akuchita, ndipo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa anthu. Koma poyang'ana kulephera kwa galimoto kuyamba, choyamba tiyenera kupeza chifukwa chake galimotoyo singathe kuyamba, kenako n’kupereka mankhwala oyenera.
1. Makina oyatsira moto sakugwira ntchito bwino
Makamaka nyengo yozizira, chifukwa kutentha kwa mpweya wolowa kumakhala kochepa, atomization ya mafuta mu silinda siili bwino. Ngati mphamvu yoyatsira siili yokwanira, vuto la kusefukira kwa silinda lidzachitika chifukwa chake, ndiko kuti, mafuta ochulukirapo amasonkhana mu silinda, kupitirira kuchuluka kwa malire oyatsira ndipo sangathe kufikako.
Njira yadzidzidzi: Mutha kumasula pulagi ya spark kuti muchotse mafuta pakati pa ma electrode, kenako mutha kuyambitsa galimotoyo mutayiyikanso. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndikuyang'ana makina oyatsira kuti muchotse zifukwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu yochepa yoyatsira, monga spark plug electrode gap, mphamvu ya ignition coil, udindo wa mzere wamagetsi okwera, ndi zina zotero.
2. Chitoliro chozizira cha utsi
Maonekedwe ake amadziwika ndi kupanikizika kwa silinda ya fog, mafuta ndi magetsi omwe amapezeka nthawi zonse, ndipo galimotoyo siiyamba. Izi zitha kuchitika m'magalimoto omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi. Mwachitsanzo, nyumba ikakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi chipangizocho, nthunzi yamadzi ikayaka injini imazizira pa choziziritsira cha chitoliro chotulutsa utsi, ndipo ayezi wa dzulo sanasungunuke poyendetsa mtunda waufupi, ndipo ayezi wa lero wazizira. Ngati zitenga nthawi yayitali, zimakhudza utsi, ndipo ngati zili zoopsa, sizidzatha kuyaka.
Njira yadzidzidzi: Ikani galimoto pamalo otentha, imatha kuyamba mwachibadwa ikazizira. Kuti muthetse vutoli kwathunthu, mutha kuyendetsa liwiro lalikulu nthawi yake, ndipo ngati galimotoyo ikuyenda kwambiri, kutentha kwa mpweya wotulutsa utsi kudzasungunula ayezi wonse ndikutuluka.
3. Kutayika kwa batri
Khalidwe lake ndilakuti choyambitsa chimayamba kuzungulira koma liwiro lake silikwanira, ndiko kuti, chimakhala chofooka, kenako choyambitsa chimangodina ndipo sichizungulira. Kutentha kochepa m'nyengo yozizira komanso kuiwala kuzimitsa zida zamagetsi za munthu aliyense payekha kudzapangitsa kuti galimotoyo isayambe, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali pa liwiro lochepa, mphamvu ya batri idzakhala yotsika kuposa mtengo wovomerezeka, kuyambira ndipo sikungathe kugwira ntchito bwino.
Njira yadzidzidzi: Ngati chinachake chachitika, chonde imbani siteshoni ya mafuta kuti mupulumutse, kapena mupeze galimoto, kapena yagwira moto kwakanthawi, kenako muyenera kupita ku siteshoni ya mafuta kuti mubwezeretse batire.
4. Guluu wa valavu
M'magalimoto a m'nyengo yozizira, makamaka akagwiritsa ntchito mafuta osayera, chingamu chosayaka chomwe chili mu mafuta chimasonkhana pafupi ndi ma valve olowera ndi otulutsa utsi komanso zipinda zoyaka moto. Zingayambitse kuyaka kolimba kapena kusagwira moto m'mawa wozizira.
Njira yadzidzidzi: Mutha kuyika mafuta ena m'chipinda choyaka moto, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kuyatsidwa. Mukayamba, pitani ku siteshoni yoperekera mafuta kuti mukayeretse popanda kusokoneza, ndipo pazochitika zazikulu, galimotoyo iyenera kuchotsedwa kuti ikonzedwe ndikuyeretsa mutu wa silinda.
5. Kutuluka kwa mafuta m'thupi kwatsekedwa
Khalidwe la ntchito yake ndilakuti palibe mafuta omwe amalowa mu chitoliro choperekera mafuta cha injini. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri m'mawa pamene kutentha kuli kochepa kwambiri, ndipo zimachitika chifukwa cha mapaipi amafuta odetsedwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Kutentha kukakhala kochepa kwambiri, kusakanikirana kwa madzi ndi zinyalala kumapangitsa kuti chingwe cha mafuta chitseke, ndipo chifukwa chake, sichingayambitsidwe.
Njira yadzidzidzi: Ikani galimoto pamalo otentha ndikuyambitsa galimotoyo kwakanthawi; kapena gwiritsani ntchito njira yotsukira dera la mafuta kuti muthetse vuto lonse.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-20-2021