Nyali zamagalimoto nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi magawo atatu: babu, chowunikira ndi galasi lofananira (astigmatism mirror).
1. babu
Mababu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi apagalimoto ndi mababu a incandescent, mababu a halogen tungsten, nyali zatsopano zowala kwambiri za arc ndi zina zotero.
(1) Babu la incandescent: ulusi wake umapangidwa ndi waya wa tungsten (tungsten imakhala ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri komanso kuwala kwamphamvu).Panthawi yopangira, kuti muwonjezere moyo wautumiki wa babu, babuyo imadzazidwa ndi mpweya wa inert (nayitrogeni ndi chisakanizo cha mpweya wa inert).Izi zitha kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa waya wa tungsten, kuonjezera kutentha kwa filament, ndikuwonjezera kuwala kowala.Kuwala kochokera ku bulb ya incandescent kumakhala ndi chikasu chachikasu.
(2) Tungsten halide nyali: Tungsten halide nyali anaikapo mu mpweya inert mu chinthu china cha halide (monga ayodini, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, etc.), pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya tungsten halide recycling reaction, ndiko kuti, the mpweya wa tungsten wotuluka kuchokera ku ulusi umakhudzidwa ndi halogen kuti apange tungsten halide yosasunthika, yomwe imafalikira kumalo otentha kwambiri pafupi ndi filament, ndipo imawonongeka ndi kutentha, kotero kuti tungsten imabwereranso ku filament.Halogen yotulutsidwa ikupitiliza kufalikira ndikuchita nawo gawo lotsatira, motero kuzungulira kumapitilira, motero kulepheretsa kutuluka kwa tungsten ndikuda kwa babu.Kukula kwa babu la tungsten halogen ndi kakang'ono, chipolopolo cha babu chimapangidwa ndi galasi la quartz ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri komanso mphamvu zamakina, pansi pa mphamvu yomweyo, kuwala kwa nyali ya tungsten halogen ndi 1.5 nthawi ya nyali ya incandescent, ndipo moyo ndi 2 mpaka 3 nthawi zambiri.
(3) Nyali yatsopano yowala kwambiri: Nyali iyi ilibe ulusi wachikhalidwe mu babu.M'malo mwake, maelekitirodi awiri amaikidwa mkati mwa chubu cha quartz.Chubuchi chimadzazidwa ndi xenon ndi kufufuza zitsulo (kapena zitsulo halides), ndipo pamene pali voteji okwanira arc pa elekitirodi (5000 ~ 12000V), mpweya amayamba ionize ndi kuyendetsa magetsi.Ma atomu a gasi ali pachisangalalo ndipo amayamba kutulutsa kuwala chifukwa cha kusintha kwamphamvu kwa ma elekitironi.Pambuyo pa 0.1s, mpweya wochepa wa mercury umatuluka pakati pa ma elekitirodi, ndipo mphamvuyo imasamutsidwa nthawi yomweyo ku mercury vapor arc discharge, kenako imasamutsidwa ku nyali ya halide arc kutentha kumatuluka.Kuwala kukafika pa kutentha kwabwino kwa babu, mphamvu yosungira kutulutsa kwa arc imakhala yochepa kwambiri (pafupifupi 35w), kotero kuti 40% ya mphamvu yamagetsi ikhoza kupulumutsidwa.
