kunyowa
Chonyowa sump
poto wamafuta
Magalimoto ambiri omwe amawoneka pamsika ndi ma pans onyowa. Chifukwa chomwe amatchedwa manyowa amafuta a crankshaft ndi kumapeto kwakukulu kwa ndodo ya injini yamizidwa mu poto poto wa crankshaft. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa crankshaf, nthawi iliyonse kwa crankshaft yamizidwa mu dziwe lamafuta kuthamanga kwambiri, masamba ena a mafuta ndi mikangano yamafuta idzaphuka kuti mafuta a crankshaft ndi kubzala. Mwanjira imeneyi, pali zofunika zina zamadzimadzi a mafuta odzola mu poto yamafuta. Ngati ndi yotsika kwambiri, crankshaftshaft ndi kutha kwa ndodo yolumikizidwa siyingamizidwe m'mafuta opaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kusowa kwa mafuta ndi mbewa zosalala ndikubala chitsamba. ; Ngati mafuta opangira mafuta ndi okwera kwambiri, zonyamulazi zidzamizidwa kwathunthu, zomwe zidzakulitsa kukana kwa crankshaft, komwe kumapangitsa kuti injini ikhale ikugwira ntchito.
Njira yamtunduwu imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta ndipo safuna thanki yowonjezera, koma zolakalaka za galimotoyo siziyenera kukhala zazikulu kwambiri, apo ayi zimapangitsa ngozi yoyaka mafuta chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mafuta ndi kutayikira kwamafuta.
chouma
Pukuta dzuwa
Masapu owuma amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumiyeso yambiri. Sizisunga mafuta mu sum, molondola, palibe dzuwa. Mikangano ya mayendedwe awa mu crankcase yopaka ndikukakamiza mafuta kudzera mwa orifice imodzi. Popeza kuti malo owuma a dzuwa amachotsa ntchito yosungira mafuta, kutalika kwa mafuta osakhalitsa amachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo kutalika kwa injiniyo kumafupikanso. Ubwino waukulu ndikuti umapewa zovuta za dzuwa zowonongeka chifukwa choyendetsa kwambiri.
Komabe, kupsinjika konse kwa mafuta kupaka kumachokera pampu yamafuta. Mphamvu ya pampu yamafuta imalumikizidwa ndi magiya kudzera pakusintha kwa crankshaft. Ngakhale pamtengo wonyowa, pampu mafuta imafunikiranso kupatsa mavuto kwa camshaft. Koma kupsinjika uku ndikochepa, ndipo pampu wamafuta zimafunikira mphamvu zochepa kwambiri. Mu ma injini owuma osatha, komabe, mphamvu ya kupanikizika kwambiri kumafunikira kukhala wamkulu. Ndipo kukula kwa pampu yamafuta kumakhalanso kwakukulu kuposa pampu yamafuta yonyowa. Chifukwa chake, pumpu yamafuta imafunikira mphamvu zambiri panthawiyi. Izi zili ngati injini yapamwamba kwambiri, pampu yamafuta imayenera kudya gawo la mphamvu ya injini. Makamaka kuthamanga kwambiri, liwiro la injini likuwonjezeka, kukula kwa zinthu kumawonjezeka, ndipo mafuta ambiri amawonjezeka, kotero mafuta amafuta amafunikira kuti apatse mphamvu zambiri, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya crankshaft kumakulitsidwanso.
Mwachidziwikire, mapangidwe ngati amenewa sioyenera kutaya mbali wamba yamagalimoto, chifukwa imayenera kutaya gawo la mphamvu ya injini, yomwe siyingokhudza mphamvu yamphamvuyo, komanso siyothandiza kukonza chuma. Chifukwa chake, sump youma imangokhala ndi injini zazikulu kapena injini zapamwamba, monga magalimoto amakono omwe amabadwira poyendetsa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, Momborghini amatenga kapangidwe ka madzi owuma. Chifukwa, ndikofunikira kukonza mafuta opatsa mphamvu kumapeto kwake ndikupeza pakati pa mphamvu yokoka, ndipo kutaya mphamvu kumatha kulipidwa ndikuwonjezera komwe kukusakanikirana ndi zina. Ponena kuti kugonana kwachuma ndichinthu chodabwitsachi sikuyenera kulingalira konse.
Ntchito ndi kukonza
Pampu ya mafuta yamafuta ndi gawo lofunikira la seneresel Consereto, ndipo ntchito yake yogwira ntchito imakhudza mphamvu, zachuma komanso kudalirika kwa jeneretal jeneretal. Kukonza koyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri kuonetsetsa kuti pampu yazitsulo yamafuta ndikuwonjezera moyo wake wautumiki. Zotsatirazi "Zinthu Zeni" zikuphunzitsa momwe mungasungirepu ya jekeseni yamafuta a seesel:
1. Kusunga bwino zowonjezera pampu ya mafuta.
Chikuto cha thupi cha thupi, pulawo lamafuta, pulderet), pulve wa spill, pool scress, popura mafuta, popuma mafuta, etc. Ayenera kusungidwa. Zowonjezera izi zimathandiza gawo lofunikira pakuchitapo kanthu kwa popu ya mafuta. Udindo Wofunika. Mwachitsanzo, chivundikiro cham'mbali chitha kupewa kulowererapo zodetsa monga fumbi ndi madzi, pulofu (yokhala ndi ziweto zosefukira zamafuta zimapangitsa kuti dongosolo la mafuta lizikhala ndi mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kulimbikitsa kukonza kwa njirazi, ndikukonza kapena kusinthanso nthawi ngati awonongeka kapena kutayika.
2. Nthawi zonse onani ngati kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi mtundu mu dziwe lamafuta a pampu ya mafuta amakwaniritsa zofunika.
Asanayambe jenereta ya Diesel, kuchuluka ndi mafuta ampuvu amtundu wamafuta ayenera kukonzedwa nthawi iliyonse (kupatula pampu yazitsulo yamafuta omwe amakakamizidwa kuti mafuta apangidwe) kuwonetsetsa kuti mafutawo ndi abwino. Kupanda kutero, kumayambitsa kuvala koyambirira kwa wophatikizira ndi valavu yamafuta, chifukwa cha mphamvu zosakwanira za dinilo, kuvuta poyambira, komanso zovuta kwambiri, chilengedwe komanso kutupa kwa mafuta. Chifukwa cha kutayika kwamkati kwa pampu yamafuta, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa valavu yamafuta, kuvala mphete yosamutsa mafuta, ndi kuwonongeka kwa mphete yam'madzi, mafuta a dizilo adzataya dziwe lamafuta ndikuchepetsa mafuta. Chifukwa chake, iyenera kusinthidwa munthawi malinga ndi mtundu wa mafuta. Tankiyo imatsukidwa kuti ichotse sludge ndi zodetsa zina pansi pa thanki ya mafuta, apo ayi mafuta amawonongeka pambuyo pa nthawi yochepa yogwiritsa ntchito. Kuchuluka kwa mafuta sikuyenera kukhala kochuluka kapena pang'ono. Mafuta ochulukirapo mwa kazembe azitsogolera "kuthamanga" kwa injini ya diilosel. Mafuta ochepa kwambiri angapangitse mafuta osakwanira. Vinick ya mafuta kapena ndege yamafuta idzapambana. Kuphatikiza apo, injiniyo ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, ndikofunikira kuti muone ngati zodetsa monga madzi ndi ma dizilo mafuta mu mafuta a polo la mafuta a mafuta. Zidutswa zokhazikika ndikukakamizidwa.
3. Chenjetsani nthawi zonse ndikusintha mapangidwe a sing'anga iliyonse yamafuta.
Chifukwa cha kuvala kosalala komanso valavu yamafuta ophatikiza, mafuta amkati a sinjalsel amayambitsa sing'anga iliyonse kuti achepetse injini, mphamvu zosakwanira, komanso kugwira ntchito modabwitsa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana nthawi zonse ndikusintha kwa sing'anga iliyonse yamafuta a jekeseni yamafuta kuti muwonetsetse kuti ntchito ya dinuli. Mukugwiritsa ntchito, kuchuluka kwa silinder iliyonse kungatsimikizidwe ndikuwona utsi wotulutsa wa neesel, kumvetsera kwa kuwomba kwa injini, ndikukhudza kutentha kwa kufalikira.
4. Gwiritsani ntchito mapaipi apamwamba kwambiri.
Panthawi yamafuta ampukusi yam'madzi, chifukwa chosiyana ndi mafuta dizilo ndi kutupa kwambiri, mafuta apamwamba amasinthasintha paipi, ndipo zimatenga nthawi inayake kuti idutse chitoliro. Kuchuluka kwa yunifolomu, injiniyo imagwira bwino ntchito bwino, ndipo kutalika ndi mainchesi a chitoliro cha mafuta okwera kwambiri amasankhidwa atawerengera. Chifukwa chake, pamene chitoliro cha mafuta okwera kwambiri a silinda china chimawonongeka, chitoliro chamafuta kutalika ndi chitoliro chizikhala chosinthidwa. Mukugwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mapaipi amafuta okwanira, mapaipi ena amafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwake, mosasamala kanthu kuti kutalika kwa mapaipi amafuta ndi ofanana kwambiri. Ngakhale zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwadzidzidzi, zimatsogolera ku masilinda a silinder. Kusintha kwa ngodya ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta kumapangitsa makinawo kukhala osakhazikika, kotero chitoliro chokwanira kwambiri chimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsidwa ntchito.
5. Kondani pafupipafupi ku Valove Civve pa makinawo.
Pambuyo pompopompo pampu yamafuta limagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, poyang'ana chikhomo cha mafuta otulutsa mafuta, kuweruza koopsa kumatha kupangidwa pa kuvala kalulu ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito njira yokonza ndi kukonza. Mukamayang'ana, osatulutsika ophatikizika kwambiri m'matumba atatu a silinda iliyonse, ndikugwiritsa ntchito pampu yamafuta yamafuta yoperekera mafuta. Ngati mafuta amatuluka molumikizana ndi mpweya wamafuta pamwamba pampu ya jekeseni yamafuta, zikutanthauza kuti valavu yamafuta siyikuwonongeka), ngati pali chisindikizo cha mafuta a mafuta kuti chichitike bwino ndikusamalidwa.
6. Sinthanitsani mafuta ovala bwino ndi mafuta a mafuta a mafuta mu nthawi.
Zikapezeka kuti injini ya disilo ndiyovuta kuyamba, mphamvu imayamba kuchepa, ndipo mafuta a jekeseni yamafuta amasintha pompopompo mapapu am'madzi ndi owunikira. Ngati wophatikizika ndi mafuta otulutsa mafuta avalidwe pamlingo wina, ayenera kusinthidwa mu nthawi, musaumizebe. IDEL Injini Yambitsani Mavuto, Kuchulukitsa Mafuta, Mphamvu Zosakwanira ndi Zosowa zina zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kuvala komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa inshuwaransi. Magawo.
7. Mafuta oferayo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi osagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera kuti mafuta adisel alowa pampu yazimaso.
Nthawi zambiri olankhula mitsempha amakhala ndi zofunika kwambiri pakuwononga mitsempha kuposa injini zamafuta. Mafuta a Diesel omwe amakumana ndi magiredi ofunikira ayenera kusankhidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito, ndipo ayenera kumayesedwa kwa maola osachepera 48. Limbikitsani kuyeretsa ndi kukonza ma dielose osefera, oyera kapena m'malo mwa zosefera munthawi; Tsukani mutu wa dizilo nthawi molingana ndi zogwirira ntchito zamagetsi, chotsani bwino sludge ndi chinyezi pansi pa thanki yamafuta, ndipo zodetsa zilizonse mu dizilo zimakhudza pampu ya mafuta am'madzi ndi kutulutsa mafuta. Kununkhira kwakukulu kapena kuvala kwa ma valve ndi mbali zopatsirana.
8. Chenjerani pafupipafupi ndikusintha mbali ya mafuta a jakisoni wamafuta ndi mafuta opangira ma sinda iliyonse.
Pakugwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa chomasulira ma bolts ophatikizira ndi kuvala ziwalo zam'matumbo. Zochita zimawonongeka, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, zimakhala zovuta kuyamba, kusakhazikika pantchito, phokoso komanso kutentha. Mukugwiritsa ntchito, madalaivala ambiri amasamala za kuyendera ndikusintha kwa mafuta onse paulendo, koma kunyalanyaza kuyang'ana ndi kusintha kwa mafuta amtundu umodzi (kuphatikiza kusintha kwa mafuta amtundu umodzi). Komabe, chifukwa cha kuvala kwa camshaft ndi zodzigudubuza magawo, mafuta opezeka ndi mafuta osakwanira, zomwe zingayambitsenso kuvuta poyambira mutu, makamaka pampu yazitsulo yomwe yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Amanenedwa kuti chidwi chowonjezereka chimayenera kulipidwa ndikuwunika ndikusintha kwa mafuta opangira mafuta.
9. Kuyang'ana mobwerezabwereza chilolezo cha camshaft.
Chilolezo cha camsuft cha camsuft cha mpweya wa jakisoni umakhala wolimba kwambiri, makamaka pakati pa 0,03 ndi 0.15mm. Ngati chilolezo chake ndi chachikulu kwambiri, chikukulitsa zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magawo azigwiritsa ntchito malo ogwirira ntchito pa cam, potero kuwonjeza koyambirira kwa cam pansi ndikusintha. Mafuta apamtima; Chovala chomenyera camshaft ndi chilolezo cha radial ndichachikulu kwambiri, chomwe ndi chosavuta kupangitsa kuti ntchito ya Camshaft isinthe, ndipo zimapangitsa kuti injiniyo ikhale yosakhazikika, motero ndikofunikira kuyang'ana ndikusintha nthawi zonse. Pamene chilolezo cha camshaft ndi chachikulu kwambiri, ma shims amatha kuwonjezeredwa mbali zonse chifukwa cha kusintha. Ngati chilolezo cha radial ndi chachikulu kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pamafunika kusintha zatsopano.
10. Kondani pafupipafupi kuvala kiyi ndi ma balts oyimitsa.
Makanema oyenera ndi ma bolts makamaka amatchulapo makanema a Camshaft, kuphatikiza makapu oyaka (mapampu oyatsira mafuta omwe amafalitsa mphamvu ndi kuphatikiza), makiyi osinthira maboti. Njira yoyesera ya camshaft, njira yokhotakhota ndi fungulu wampukutu wa dzimbiri, ndipo kuunikako kukutha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti msewu ukhalepo mwamphamvu, ndipo njira yosinthira yamafuta; Munthawi yayikulu, kiyi imathamangitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufalikira kwa magetsi. , kotero ndikofunikira kuyang'ana pafupipafupi ndikukonza kapena kusintha m'malo mwake munthawi yake.
Kusamalitsa
Zovala zama dizilo
1. Mphete ya O-Ring of the Inkestror yawonongeka;
2. Anomition osauka a jakisoni, mafuta owuma;
3. Kukhazikitsa kosayenera kwa jekeser;
4. Mpheteyo sinasinthidwe pomwe jekeseryor idabwezeretsedwanso.
Cummins Sterator Sungani ayenera kulabadira:
1) Malo osungirako mafuta a mafuta ayenera kukhala otetezeka kupewa moto. Mafuta a mafuta kapena mtundu wamafuta uyenera kuyikidwa pamalo okha, moyenera kuchokera ku genetiwer yokhazikitsidwa, ndipo ndizoletsedwa kusuta.
2) Kutha kwa mafuta mu thanki yamafuta kuyenera kuwonetsetsa tsiku lililonse.
3) Thanki ya mafuta itayikidwa, malo apamwamba kwambiri osakhala okwera kuposa 25 metres pamwamba pamunsi pa jenesel jenereser. Ngati mafuta a ma depor akuluakulu ndi okwera kuposa 2,5 metres, tanki ya mafuta tsiku lililonse iyenera kuwonjezeredwa pakati pa depot yayikulu yamafuta ndi unit kuti ikhale yovuta yoperekera mafuta. Osapitilira mita 2.5. Ngakhale kuti injini ya diesel yazimitsidwa, mafuta saloledwa kulowa mu injini ya dizilo kudzera pamzere wamafuta kapena mzere wamafuta ndi mphamvu yokoka.
4) Kukaniza padoko lamafuta sikuloledwa kupitirira mtengo womwe wafotokozedwa pa injini zonse zamagetsi mukamagwiritsa ntchito zosefera. Mtengo wotsutsana uku ndi kutengera theka mafuta mu thanki yamafuta.
5) Kubweza kwamafuta sikuyenera kupitirira zomwe zili patsamba la data wa dielosel.
6) Kulumikiza kwa mafuta obwezera mafuta sikuyenera kuchititsa mafunde owoneka bwino kuti awonekere m'mapaipi mafuta.
