Mfundo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito sensa ya abs yagalimoto
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya abs yagalimoto ndi iyi:
Mu mabuleki adzidzidzi, podalira sensa ya liwiro la mawilo yomwe imayikidwa pa gudumu lililonse, loko ya mawilo imapezedwa, ndipo kompyuta nthawi yomweyo imalamulira chowongolera kuthamanga kuti ichepetse kupanikizika kwa pampu ya mabuleki ya gudumu kuti ipewe kutsekeka kwa mawilo. Dongosolo la abs limapangidwa ndi pampu ya abs, sensa ya liwiro la mawilo ndi switch ya mabuleki.
Udindo wa dongosolo la abs ndi:
1, kupewa kutayika kwa ulamuliro wa galimoto, kuwonjezera mtunda woyimitsa mabuleki, kukonza chitetezo cha galimoto;
2, kukonza magwiridwe antchito a braking ya galimoto;
3, kuteteza gudumu kuti lisagwire ntchito;
4. Onetsetsani kuti dalaivala akhoza kuwongolera komwe galimoto ikupita akamayendetsa galimoto ndi kuletsa kuti axle yakumbuyo isaterereke.
Udindo wa ABS, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, udindo waukulu wa makina oletsa kutsekeka ndikuletsa gudumu kuti lisatsekedwe chifukwa cha mphamvu yochulukirapo yotsekeka ngati galimotoyo yatsekeka mwadzidzidzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimotoyo itaye ulamuliro pa chipangizocho. Mwachitsanzo, tikapeza chopinga patsogolo pathu, galimoto yokhala ndi makina a ABS imatha kuyendetsa mosavuta kuti ipewe kutsekeka mwadzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo.
Ngati galimotoyo ilibe dongosolo la ABS mu braking yadzidzidzi, chifukwa mphamvu ya braking ya mawilo anayi ndi yofanana, kukangana kwa tayala pansi kumakhala kofanana, panthawiyi galimotoyo idzakhala yovuta kwambiri kuyitembenuza, ndipo n'zosavuta kuchititsa ngozi ya galimotoyo kutaya ulamuliro. Ndikokwanira kuona kufunika kwa dongosolo la ABS pa chitetezo chathu choyendetsa. Sitiyenera kuda nkhawa ndi izi, tsopano muyezo wadziko lonse wakakamiza makampani opanga magalimoto munjira yopanga magalimoto ayenera kukhala dongosolo loletsa loko la ABS.
Ndiye kodi dongosolo la mabuleki loletsa loko la ABS limagwira ntchito bwanji? Tisanamvetse mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito, choyamba tiyenera kumvetsetsa zigawo za dongosolo la mabuleki loletsa loko la ABS, ABS imapangidwa makamaka ndi sensa ya liwiro la mawilo, unit yowongolera zamagetsi, brake hydraulic regulator, brake master cylinder ndi zina. Galimoto ikafunika kuletsa, sensa ya liwiro la mawilo pa gudumu idzazindikira chizindikiro cha liwiro la mawilo a mawilo anayi panthawiyi, kenako nkuitumiza ku VCU (vehicle controller), VCU control unit idzasanthula zizindikiro izi kuti idziwe momwe galimoto ilili panthawiyi, kenako VCU imatumiza lamulo lolamulira kuthamanga kwa mawilo ku ABS pressure regulator (ABS pump).
Pamene chowongolera kuthamanga kwa ABS chilandira malangizo owongolera kuthamanga kwa mabuleki, chimawongolera mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina kuthamanga kwa mabuleki a njira iliyonse mwa kulamulira valavu yamkati ya chowongolera kuthamanga kwa ABS, kuti chisinthe mphamvu ya mabuleki ya mawilo anayi, kuti chigwirizane ndi kulumikizidwa kwa nthaka, ndikuletsa gudumu kuti lisatsekedwe chifukwa cha mphamvu yochulukirapo ya mabuleki.
Madalaivala akale ambiri omwe akuwona apa angaganize kuti nthawi zambiri timayendetsa "spot brake" ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zotsutsana ndi loko. Apa ndikofunikira kutsindika kuti lingaliro ili ndi lachikale, ndipo tinganenenso kuti njira ya "spot brake" yosinthira mabuleki yakhudza chitetezo choyendetsa.
Chifukwa chiyani mukunena choncho? Izi zikuyamba ndi chiyambi cha "spot brake", chomwe chimatchedwa "spot brake", sichikhala ndi ABS anti-lock system pagalimoto poponda mopanda kukhazikika pa ntchito ya brake ya pedal, kotero kuti mphamvu ya brake ya gudumu nthawi zina siili, kuti tipewe mphamvu ya wheel lock. Tiyenera kudziwa apa kuti tsopano galimotoyo ili ndi ABS anti-lock system yonse, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya anti-lock system idzakhala ndi kusiyana, koma kwenikweni imatha kuchita chizindikiro chozindikira nthawi 10 ~ 30 / sekondi, chiwerengero cha brake nthawi 70 ~ 150 / sekondi pafupipafupi, kuchuluka kwa kuzindikira ndi kuchitapo kanthu n'kosatheka kufika.
Dongosolo la ABS loletsa kutsekeka liyenera kukhala loletsa kutsekeka kuti ligwire bwino ntchito yake. Tikakhazikitsa mabuleki okhazikika mwa "spot-brake", dongosolo la ABS loletsa kutsekeka limalandira chizindikiro chozindikira nthawi ndi nthawi, ndipo ABS sidzagwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zingapangitse kuti mabuleki asamagwire bwino ntchito komanso kuti mtunda wa mabuleki ukhale wautali kwambiri.
