Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)
ABS ndi ukadaulo wotsogola kutengera chipangizo chanthawi zonse cha brake, ndipo ndi mtundu wachitetezo pamagalimoto omwe ali ndi zabwino za anti-skid ndi anti-lock. Anti-lock brake kwenikweni ndi mtundu wowongoleredwa kapena wowongoleredwa wamabuleki wamba.
Makina oletsa mabuleki oletsa loko amapangidwa kuti aletse kutseka kwa mabuleki ndi kutsetsereka kwa ma gudumu pakavuta braking kapena pamalo onyowa kapena oterera, zomwe zimawonjezera chitetezo chambiri pakuyendetsa kwatsiku ndi tsiku poletsa galimoto kuti isatsetsereka mowopsa komanso kulola dalaivala kuwongolera chiwongolero poyesa kuyimitsa. ABS osati ndi ntchito braking wa dongosolo braking wamba, komanso angalepheretse gudumu loko, kuti galimoto akadali kutembenukira pansi mabuleki boma, kuonetsetsa bata la braking malangizo a galimoto, ndi kupewa sideshow ndi kupatuka, ndi apamwamba kwambiri braking chipangizo pa galimoto ndi bwino braking zotsatira.
Anti-lock braking system ndi kuteteza gudumu kuti lisatsekedwe mu ndondomeko ya braking, zomwe zingayambitse: mphamvu yoyendetsa msewu imachepa ndipo mphamvu ya braking imachepa; Chepetsani moyo wautumiki wa tayala, pamene galimoto imaphwanya gudumu lakutsogolo, galimotoyo idzataya mphamvu yowongolera, mphamvu yam'mbali imachepetsedwa pamene gudumu lakumbuyo lakumbuyo, kukhazikika kwa brake kumachepetsedwa, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti galimotoyo itembenuke kwambiri ndikuponyera mchira kapena mbali. Zotsatira za anti-lock braking system pamayendetsedwe agalimoto zimawonekera makamaka pakuchepetsa mtunda wa braking, kusunga luso lowongolera, kuwongolera kukhazikika kwamayendedwe oyendetsa komanso kuchepetsa kuvala kwa matayala. Pakachitika mwadzidzidzi, dalaivala amangofunika kukanikiza chopondapo mwamphamvu momwe angathere osamasula, ndipo zinthu zina zimagwiridwa ndi ABS, kotero dalaivala akhoza kuyang'ana kwambiri pazochitika zadzidzidzi ndikuonetsetsa chitetezo cha galimotoyo.
Chidule cha anti-lock braking system ndi ABS, ndipo dzina lonse la Chingerezi ndi anti-lock Brakingsystem, kapena Anti-skidBrakingSystem. Choyamba, "kugwira" amatanthauza pad ananyema (kapena nsapato) ndi chimbale ananyema (kunyema ng'oma) popanda wachibale kutsetsereka mikangano, ndi mikangano awiri mikangano awiri kutentha pamene braking, galimoto kinetic mphamvu kutentha, ndipo potsiriza mulole galimoto kuyimitsa kapena kuchepetsa; Kachiwiri, gudumu loko kwenikweni amatanthauza galimoto mu braking mwadzidzidzi, gudumu ndi kuyima kwathunthu ndipo si atembenuza, amatanthauza galimoto mu braking ndondomeko kamodzi, tayala salinso azungulire, pamene galimoto mabuleki, galimoto adzapatsa gudumu mphamvu imene imathandiza kuti asiye, kotero kuti gudumu sangathe kupitiriza azungulire, koma gudumu linayima, pambuyo gudumu, pitirizani kuzungulira. yendani kutsogolo kwa mtunda pang'ono musanayime kotheratu. Ngati mawilo akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo agalimoto sali mumzere wowongoka womwewo, chifukwa cha inertia, mawilo akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo amathamangira kutsogolo kwawo. Malinga ndi kuyesa kwa matayala ochepetsa mabuleki, tayala silingagwire m'mbali pomwe mabuleki atalikira, ndipo galimotoyo imakhala yovuta kumaliza kuwongolera mbali iliyonse. Mwa njira iyi, mawilo akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo adzayenda mbali ziwiri zosiyana ndipo galimotoyo idzakhala ndi yaw yosalamulirika (spin), ndipo galimoto idzaponyera mchira wake. Pankhaniyi, chiwongolero cha galimoto sichikhala ndi zotsatirapo, galimotoyo idzataya mphamvu, ngati zinthu zili zovuta kwambiri, zikhoza kugwetsa galimotoyo, zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi zapamsewu ndi zoopsa zina.
Ngati mabuleki atsekedwa kwathunthu, kutembenuka kwa mphamvu kumeneku kungangodalira kukangana pakati pa tayala ndi pansi. Kukangana kumagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: kukangana kozungulira ndi kutsetsereka kotsetsereka, kokwanira kwamakangana kumadalira mphamvu ya chinyezi chowuma pamsewu, pomwe gudumu la braking ndi kugunda kwapansi kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, kwakukulu mpaka kofunikira pambuyo pakusintha kuchokera kugudubuza kupita ku kukangana kotsetsereka. Mphamvu yotsetsereka idzachepa pang'onopang'ono, kotero ABS ndiyogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya mphira wokhotakhota kuti akonze mphamvu ya gudumu pachimake ichi, kuti achepetse mtunda wa braking. Kukangana kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti mphira wa tayala ukhale wotentha kwambiri, kutulutsa kwamadzi am'deralo, kufupikitsa mtunda wa braking, koma sideslip imathandizira kuvala.
Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) ndi imodzi mwazofukufuku zamagalimoto amtundu wautali wamagalimoto. Anti-lock braking, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, ndikuletsa galimoto kuti isachite braking kamodzi, pogwiritsa ntchito intermittent braking. Zimatanthawuza kusinthika kwachangu kwa braking torque (mphamvu ya braking) yomwe imagwira pa gudumu panthawi yomwe ikuyendetsa kuti gudumu lisatseke pamene phokoso la braking lili lalikulu; Nthawi yomweyo, dongosolo lamakono la ABS limatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa gudumu munthawi yeniyeni, ndikusunga kutsika kwa gudumu mu brake pafupi ndi mtengo womwewo. Choncho, pamene ABS dongosolo ntchito, dalaivala sadzataya kulamulira chiwongolero cha galimoto chifukwa cha loko gudumu kutsogolo, ndi mabuleki mtunda wa galimoto adzakhala ang'onoang'ono kuposa loko gudumu, kuti tikwaniritse bwino braking dzuwa ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu mphamvu pamene ngozi ichitika.
