Dongosolo Loletsa Kutseka Mabuleki (ABS)
ABS ndi ukadaulo wokonzedwa bwino wozikidwa pa chipangizo chachizolowezi cha mabuleki, ndipo ndi mtundu wa njira yowongolera chitetezo cha magalimoto yokhala ndi ubwino wa mabuleki oletsa kutsetsereka ndi oletsa kutsekeka. Mabuleki oletsa kutsekeka kwenikweni ndi mtundu wa mabuleki wamba wokonzedwa bwino kapena wokonzedwanso.
Makina oletsa kutsekeka a mabuleki apangidwa kuti ateteze kutsekeka kwa mabuleki ndi kutsetsereka kwa mawilo pamene mabuleki ndi ovuta kapena pamalo onyowa kapena oterera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuyendetsa kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kukhale kotetezeka poletsa galimoto kuti isatsetseke moopsa ndikulola dalaivala kusunga chiwongolero chowongolera akamayesa kuyimitsa. ABS sikuti imangokhala ndi ntchito yoletsa kutsekeka ya makina oletsa kutsekeka wamba, komanso imatha kuletsa kutsekeka kwa mawilo, kuti galimotoyo ikhalebe yozungulira pansi pa mkhalidwe wa mabuleki, kuonetsetsa kuti kutsekeka kwa galimotoyo kuli kokhazikika, ndikuletsa kupotoka ndi kupotoka, ndiye chipangizo chapamwamba kwambiri choletsa kutsekeka pagalimoto chomwe chili ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zoletsa kutsekeka.
Dongosolo loletsa kutsekeka kwa mabuleki limaletsa kuti gudumu lisatsekeke panthawi yotsekeka kwa mabuleki, zomwe zingayambitse: mphamvu yoletsa kutsekeka kwa mabuleki pamsewu imachepa ndipo mphamvu yoletsa kutsekeka kwa mabuleki imachepa; Kuchepetsa moyo wa ntchito ya tayala, galimoto ikatsekeka kutsekeka kwa mabuleki akutsogolo, galimotoyo imataya mphamvu yoyendetsera, mphamvu yam'mbali imachepa pamene gudumu lakumbuyo limatsekeka, kukhazikika kwa mabuleki kumachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimotoyo itembenuke kwambiri ndikuponya mchira kapena mbali. Mphamvu ya dongosolo loletsa kutsekeka kwa mabuleki pa magwiridwe antchito agalimoto imawonekera makamaka pochepetsa mtunda wotsekeka, kusunga mphamvu yoyendetsera, kukonza kukhazikika kwa njira yoyendetsera ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa matayala. Pakagwa ngozi, dalaivala amangofunika kukanikiza pedal ya mabuleki mwamphamvu momwe angathere osaitulutsa, ndipo zinthu zina zimayendetsedwa ndi ABS, kuti dalaivala athe kuyang'ana kwambiri pazadzidzidzi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti galimotoyo ili otetezeka.
Chidule cha anti-lock braking system ndi ABS, ndipo dzina lonse la Chingerezi ndi anti-lock Brakingsystem, kapena Anti-skidBrakingSystem. Choyamba, "gwira" amatanthauza brake pad (kapena nsapato) ndi brake disc (brake drum) yopanda kugwedezeka kocheperako, kutentha kwa friction pair friction ikagunda, mphamvu ya kinetic ya galimoto imalowa mu kutentha, ndipo potsiriza kulola galimoto kuyima kapena kuchepetsa liwiro; Kachiwiri, wheel lock kwenikweni amatanthauza galimoto yomwe ili mu braking yadzidzidzi, gudumu limakhala lokhazikika kwathunthu ndipo silizungulira, limatanthauza galimoto yomwe ili mu braking process kamodzi, tayala silizunguliranso, galimoto ikagunda, galimotoyo imapatsa gudumu mphamvu yomwe imailola kuyima, kotero kuti gudumu silingapitirize kuzungulira, koma gudumulo lili ndi inertia inayake, gudumu litasiya kuzungulira, Lipitiliza kusunthira patsogolo kwa mtunda wina lisanayime kwathunthu. Ngati magudumu akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo a galimoto sali pamzere wowongoka womwewo, chifukwa cha inertia, magudumu akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo adzayenda kupita kumaso awo. Malinga ndi mayeso a mabuleki oletsa matayala, tayala silingathe kupereka mphamvu yogwirira mbali pamene mabuleki olunjika ali odzaza, ndipo galimotoyo idzakhala yovuta kumaliza kulamulira mbali iliyonse. Mwanjira imeneyi, mawilo akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo adzayenda mbali ziwiri zosiyana ndipo galimotoyo idzakhala ndi mphamvu yosalamulirika (kuzungulira), ndipo galimotoyo idzaponya mchira wake. Pankhaniyi, chiwongolero cha galimotoyo sichidzakhudza chilichonse, galimotoyo idzataya mphamvu yolamulira, ngati vutolo lili lalikulu kwambiri, ikhoza kugubuduza galimotoyo, zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi zamagalimoto ndi zoopsa zina.
Ngati mabuleki atsekedwa kwathunthu, kusintha kwa mphamvu kumeneku kungangodalira kukangana pakati pa tayala ndi pansi. Kukangana kumagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: kukangana kozungulira ndi kukangana kotsetsereka, kuchuluka kwa kukangana kumadalira mphamvu ya chinyezi chouma pamsewu, pomwe gudumu la mabuleki ndi kukangana kwa pansi zidzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, zazikulu mpaka kufika pamlingo wofunikira pambuyo poti zasintha kuchokera pakugwedezeka kupita pakukangana kotsetsereka. Mphamvu yokangana yotsetsereka idzachepa pang'onopang'ono, kotero ABS ikugwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya curve iyi kuti ikonze mphamvu yokangana ya gudumu pachimake ichi, kuti ichepetse mtunda wokankhira. Kukangana kwakukulu kumapangitsa kuti rabara ya tayala ikhale yotentha kwambiri, kusungunuka kwa malo olumikizirana, kufupikitsa mtunda wokankhira, koma mbali za m'mbali zidzafulumizitsa kuwonongeka.
Dongosolo Loletsa Kutsekeka kwa Mabuleki (ABS) ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zafufuzidwa pa kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka magalimoto. Dongosolo loletsa kutsekeka kwa mabuleki, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, limaletsa galimoto kuti isatsekeke kamodzi, pogwiritsa ntchito mabuleki osinthasintha. Limatanthauza kusintha kwa mphamvu yotsekeka kwa mabuleki (mphamvu yotsekeka kwa mabuleki) komwe kumagwira ntchito pa gudumu panthawi yotsekeka kuti gudumu lisatsekeke pamene mphamvu yotsekeka ndi yayikulu; Nthawi yomweyo, dongosolo lamakono la ABS limatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mabuleki nthawi yeniyeni, ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa mabuleki mu buleki pafupi ndi mtengo woyenera. Chifukwa chake, dongosolo la ABS likagwira ntchito, dalaivala sadzataya ulamuliro wa chiwongolero cha galimoto chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa gudumu lakutsogolo, ndipo mtunda wotsekeka wa galimoto udzakhala wocheperapo kuposa kutsekeka kwa gudumu, kuti akwaniritse bwino kwambiri mabuleki ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yokhudza ngozi ikachitika.
