Injini crankshaft flywheel gulu zigawo
Choyamba, crankshaft
Crankshaft ndi imodzi mwamagawo ofunikira kwambiri a injini, ntchito yake ndikupirira kukakamizidwa kwa mpweya kuchokera ku gulu lolumikizira pisitoni kupita ku torque ya crankshaft ndi kutulutsa kwakunja, kuwonjezera apo, crankshaft imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyendetsa makina a valve. ndi zida zina zothandizira (monga ma jenereta, mafani, mapampu amadzi, mapampu owongolera mphamvu, makina owerengera, ndi zina zambiri.)
Gulu la Crankshaft flywheel: 1- pulley; 2- crankshaft nthawi lamba lamba; 3 - crankshaft sprocket; 4 - Crankshaft; 5- crankshaft main bear (pamwamba); 6- Flywheel; 7- Jenereta ya sensor yothamanga; 8, 11- poto wopondereza; 9- crankshaft main bear (pansi); 10- Chophimba chachikulu cha Crankshaft.
Pamene crankshaft ikugwira ntchito, iyenera kupirira kusintha kwa nthawi ndi nthawi mu mphamvu ya gasi, kubwezera mphamvu ya inertial ndi mphamvu ya centrifugal, komanso torque yawo ndi mphindi yopindika pansi pa ntchito yothamanga kwambiri, yosavuta kupindika ndi kupindika, chifukwa chake crankshaft iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira. ndi kuuma, kukana kuvala bwino komanso kukhazikika bwino. Crankshaft nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi chitsulo chapakatikati cha carbon alloy, ndipo pamwamba pa magaziniyi amathandizidwa ndi kuzimitsa kwanthawi yayitali kapena nitriding. Shanghai Santana injini crankshaft amapangidwa ndi apamwamba sing'anga carbon steel die forging. Ma injini a Audi JW ndi Yuchai YC6105QC amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chotsika mtengo, champhamvu chambiri chosowa padziko lapansi chokhala ndi kukana bwino.
1. Kapangidwe ka crankshaft
Crankshaft nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kutsogolo, khosi lalikulu la shaft, crank, counterweight, magazini yolumikizira ndodo komanso kumbuyo. Crank imapangidwa ndi magazini ya ndodo yolumikizira ndi zolemba zake zazikulu kumanzere ndi kumanja. Kuchuluka kwa crankshaft kumadalira kuchuluka ndi makonzedwe a masilindala. The crankshaft ya injini ya silinda imodzi ili ndi crank imodzi yokha; Chiwerengero cha crankshaft ya injini ya mzere ndi wofanana ndi chiwerengero cha masilindala; Chiwerengero cha crankshaft ya V injini ndi ofanana ndi theka la chiwerengero cha masilindala. Mtsinje wakutsogolo wa crankshaft uli ndi pulley, zida zanthawi, ndi zina, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa pampu yamadzi ndi makina a valve. Khosi la spindle la crankshaft limayikidwa pampando waukulu wa thupi la silinda ndipo limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira crankshaft. Magazini yolumikizira ndodo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika ndodo yolumikizira, ndipo crank imalumikiza magazini yayikulu ya shaft ndi magazini yolumikizira ndodo. Pofuna kulinganiza mphamvu yapakati pomwe crankshaft imazungulira, chotchinga chokhazikika chimaperekedwa pa crankshaft. Cholumikizira cholumikizira chimaperekedwa kumapeto kwenikweni kwa crankshaft kuti alumikizane ndi flywheel ku crankshaft ndi mabawuti. Kupaka mafuta ku magazini yolumikizira ndodo, ndime yopaka mafuta imabowoleredwa kuchokera ku shaft magazine yayikulu kupita kumagazini yolumikizira ndodo. Crankshaft yophatikizika ndiyosavuta kupanga, yopepuka kulemera komanso yodalirika pogwira ntchito, ndipo nthawi zambiri imatenga ma bearings osavuta, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamainjini apakatikati ndi ang'onoang'ono.
2. Kamangidwe mfundo crank
Maonekedwe a crankshaft ndi malo achibale a crank iliyonse makamaka zimadalira kuchuluka kwa masilindala, makonzedwe a masilindala ndi dongosolo logwirira ntchito la silinda iliyonse. Pokonza ndondomeko ya ntchito ya injini, malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatiridwa momwe angathere:
Pangani ma cylinders awiri a ntchito yopitilira kutali momwe mungathere kuti muchepetse kunyamula kwakukulu, ndikupewa kuchitika kwa ma valve awiri olumikizidwa omwe amatseguka nthawi imodzi panthawi yolowera, ndipo chodabwitsa cha "air grab" chimakhudza kukwera kwamitengo. mphamvu ya injini.
(1) Nthawi yogwira ntchito Angle ya silinda iliyonse iyenera kukhala yofanana kuti ithandizire kuyendetsa bwino kwa injini. Mkati mwa ngodya ya crankshaft yomwe injini imamaliza kuzungulira ntchito, silinda iliyonse iyenera kugwira ntchito kamodzi. Kwa injini ya sitiroko zinayi yokhala ndi nambala ya silinda i, nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi 720 °/i. Ndiye kuti, 720 °/i iliyonse ya crankshaft iyenera kukhala ndi silinda yogwirira ntchito kuti injiniyo ikuyenda bwino.
(2) Ngati ndi injini ya V-mtundu, mizere yakumanzere ndi yakumanja ya masilindala iyenera kusinthana ntchito.
3. Common Mipikisano yamphamvu injini crank dongosolo ndi dongosolo ntchito
Kukonzekera kwa crankshaft ndi crank ya in-line-stroke injini. Nthawi yogwirira ntchito Angle ya injini yapaintaneti ya silinda inayi ndi 720 °/4 = 180 °, crank inayi imakonzedwa mundege imodzi, ndipo injini yogwirira ntchito (kapena kutengerako) ndi 1-3- 4-2 kapena 1-2-4-3. Chida cholumikizira chozungulira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi chopondera cha mbali imodzi chokhala ndi chitsulo chosasunthika, chotchinga chachikulu cha crankshaft chokhala ndi mphete yozungulira komanso yozungulira ili ndi mitundu itatu. Pad thrust pad ndi chitsulo cha semi-ring chitsulo chokhala ndi anti-friction alloy wosanjikiza kunja, chomwe chimayikidwa mu poyambira thupi kapena chivundikiro chachikulu. Pofuna kupewa kuzungulira kwa thrust pad, pad thrust pad imakhala ndi chotupa chokhazikika mu poyambira. Ma thrust pads ena amagwiritsa ntchito zidutswa 4 kupanga malire ozungulira abwino, ndipo ena amagwiritsa ntchito magawo awiri. Mbali yokhala ndi anti-friction chitsulo iyenera kuyang'ana ku crankshaft.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa zida zamagalimoto za MG&MAUXS zolandiridwa kuti mugule.
