Kodi crankshaft ndi chiyani? Kodi crankshaft imagwira ntchito bwanji? Kapangidwe ka crankshaft ndi kotani?
Crankshaft ndi imodzi mwa zigawo zofunika kwambiri za injini, imatenga mphamvu kuchokera ku ndodo yolumikizira ndikuisintha kukhala mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu kudzera mu crankshaft ndikuyendetsa zowonjezera zina pa injini kuti zigwire ntchito. Crankshaft imakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu ya centrifugal ya kulemera kozungulira, mphamvu ya periodic gas inertia ndi mphamvu ya reciprocating inertia, zomwe zimapangitsa crankshaft kunyamula mphamvu yopindika ndi torsional. Chifukwa chake, crankshaft imafunika kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso kuuma, ndipo pamwamba pa journal payenera kukhala losatha kutha, lofanana komanso lolinganizidwa. Crankshaft imapangidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi kaboni kapena chitsulo chosungunuka, ndipo pambuyo poti ndodo yolumikizira yayikidwa, imatha kunyamula kuyenda kwa ndodo yolumikizira mmwamba ndi pansi, ndikuyisintha kukhala kuyenda kozungulira (kozungulira). Ntchito yayikulu ya crankshaft ndikusintha kuyenda kwa injini mmwamba ndi pansi kukhala kuyenda kozungulira, motero kumapereka mphamvu ku makina onse.
Udindo wa crankshaft umaphatikizapo mfundo zotsatirazi:
Mphamvu yotumizira: Crankshaft imasamutsa mphamvu ya pistoni kupita ku shaft yotulutsa posintha kayendedwe ka mzere wa pistoni kukhala kayendedwe kozungulira, ndikuyendetsa magawo ena a injini kuti agwire ntchito, monga ma valve, ma pistoni, ndodo zolumikizira, ndi zina zotero.
Kusamutsa mphamvu ndi liwiro: Crankshaft imathanso kusamutsa mphamvu ndi liwiro la injini kupita ku shaft yotulutsa, kuti galimotoyo ipange mphamvu ikuyendetsa, kuti injini izigwira ntchito bwino.
Kupirira mphamvu ya injini: Crankshaft iyeneranso kupirira mphamvu ya injini ndi mphamvu ya inertial kuti injini igwire ntchito bwino.
Valavu yowongolera: Chojambuliracho chimawongolera mpweya wolowera ndi wotulutsa mpweya mu silinda powongolera kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa vavu kuti zitsimikizire kuti injini ikugwira ntchito bwino.
Kawirikawiri, crankshaft ndi imodzi mwa zigawo zofunika kwambiri za injini, ntchito yake ndikusintha kayendedwe ka pisitoni kozungulira kukhala kuzungulira kozungulira kwa crankshaft kuti iyendetse magawo ena a injini kuti agwire ntchito, komanso imafunika kupirira mphamvu ndi mphindi zosiyanasiyana kuti iwonetsetse kuti injini ikugwira ntchito bwino.
Crankshaft makamaka imakhala ndi zigawo zotsatirazi:
Khosi la spindle: Gawo lalikulu lothandizira la crankshaft, lothandizidwa ndi bearing yayikulu m'nyumba yayikulu yoperekera bearing ya crankcase. Mzere wozungulira wa khosi la spindle uli pamzere wowongoka womwewo.
Cholembera cha ndodo yolumikizira (crank pin): kuchoka pa mzere wa cholembera chachikulu cha shaft kuti ikayike cholembera cha ndodo yolumikizira, ndipo pali ngodya inayake pakati pa cholembera cha ndodo yolumikizira kuti isinthe mphamvu kuchokera ku ndodo yolumikizira kukhala mphamvu yozungulira ya cholembera cha crankshaft.
Chingwe cholumikizira (mkono wolumikizira): Gawo lomwe limalumikiza cholembera cha ndodo yolumikizira ndi cholembera chachikulu cha shaft pamodzi kuti lisinthe mphamvu kuchokera ku ndodo yolumikizira kukhala mphamvu yozungulira ya cholembera.
Kulemera kotsutsana: kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kulinganiza mphamvu ya injini ya centrifugal yosalinganika, ndipo nthawi zina kulinganiza gawo la mphamvu yobwezera mphamvu kuti crankshaft izizungulira bwino.
Shaft yakutsogolo (yopanda malire): imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa pulley ya pampu yamadzi, pulley yokhazikika ya crankshaft, ndi zina zotero.
Flange yakumbuyo: imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa flywheel, journal yakumbuyo ndi flywheel pakati pa flange yamafuta ndi ulusi wobwerera, kuti mafuta asatuluke m'mbuyo.
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya crankshaft imaphatikizapo kusintha mphamvu kuchokera ku ndodo yolumikizira kukhala torque, yomwe imatuluka kudzera mu crankshaft ndikuyendetsa zowonjezera zina pa injini kuti zigwire ntchito. Munjira iyi, crankshaft imakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu ya centrifugal ya kulemera kozungulira, mphamvu ya inertia ya kusintha kwa nthawi ndi mphamvu ya inertia yobwerezabwereza, ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu yopindika ndi torsional load. Chifukwa chake, crankshaft iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso zolimba, ndipo pamwamba pa journal payenera kukhala losawonongeka, lofanana komanso lolinganizidwa.
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa zida zamagalimoto za MG&MAUXS zomwe zikulandiridwa kugula.
