Fyuluta yamafuta.
Chosefera mafuta, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti gridi yamafuta. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa zinthu zonyansa monga fumbi, tinthu tachitsulo, mpweya woipa ndi tinthu ta soya mumafuta kuti chiteteze injini.
Fyuluta yamafuta imakhala ndi mtundu wa flow full ndi shunt. Fyuluta yamafuta imalumikizidwa motsatizana pakati pa pampu yamafuta ndi njira yayikulu yamafuta, kotero imatha kusefa mafuta onse opaka omwe amalowa mu njira yayikulu yamafuta. Chotsukira cha shunt chimakhala chofanana ndi njira yayikulu yamafuta, ndipo gawo lokha la mafuta opaka omwe amatumizidwa ndi pampu yamafuta yopaka ndi lomwe limasefedwa.
Pa nthawi yogwira ntchito ya injini, zidutswa zachitsulo, fumbi, kaboni zomwe zimasungunuka kutentha kwambiri, madontho a colloidal, ndi madzi zimasakanizidwa nthawi zonse ndi mafuta opaka. Ntchito ya fyuluta yamafuta ndikusefa zonyansa ndi glia izi, kusunga mafuta opaka oyera, ndikuwonjezera moyo wake wautumiki. Fyuluta yamafuta iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yosefera yamphamvu, kukana kuyenda pang'ono, moyo wautali wautumiki ndi zina. Dongosolo lonse lopaka mafuta lili ndi zosefera zingapo zokhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zosefera - fyuluta yosonkhanitsa, fyuluta yopyapyala ndi fyuluta yopyapyala, motsatana kapena motsatizana mu njira yayikulu yamafuta. (Fyuluta yodzaza ndi mafuta motsatizana ndi njira yayikulu yamafuta imatchedwa, ndipo mafuta opaka mafuta amasefedwa ndi fyuluta pamene injini ikugwira ntchito; Motsatizana nayo imatchedwa fyuluta ya shunt). Fyuluta yopyapyala imalumikizidwa motsatizana mu njira yayikulu yamafuta kuti iyende bwino; Fyuluta yopyapyala imayendetsedwa motsatizana mu njira yayikulu yamafuta. Mainjini amakono agalimoto nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi fyuluta yosonkhanitsa ndi fyuluta yamafuta yodzaza. Fyuluta yopyapyala imachotsa zonyansa mu mafuta okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono toposa 0.05mm, ndipo fyuluta yopyapyala imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusefa zonyansa tating'onoting'ono toposa 0.001mm.
● Pepala losefera: Fyuluta yamafuta imakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri pa pepala losefera kuposa fyuluta ya mpweya, makamaka chifukwa kutentha kwa mafuta kumasiyana kuyambira madigiri 0 mpaka 300, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mafuta kumasinthanso malinga ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha, komwe kudzakhudza kuyenda kwa fyuluta yamafuta. Pepala losefera la fyuluta yamafuta yapamwamba liyenera kukhala lotha kusefera zinyalala pakasintha kwambiri kutentha pamene likuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwake kukuyenda bwino.
● Mphete yosindikizira ya rabara: Mphete yosindikizira ya fyuluta yamafuta apamwamba imapangidwa ndi rabara yapadera kuti mafuta asatayike 100%.
● Valavu yoletsa kubweza: Mafyuluta amafuta apamwamba okha ndi omwe amapezeka. Injini ikazima, imatha kuletsa fyuluta yamafuta kuti isaume; Injini ikayambanso kugwira ntchito, nthawi yomweyo imapanga mphamvu ndikupereka mafuta kuti alowetse mafuta mu injini. (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti valavu yobweza)
● Valavu yothandiza: Mafyuluta amafuta apamwamba okha ndi omwe amapezeka. Kutentha kwakunja kukatsika kufika pamtengo winawake kapena fyuluta yamafuta ikapitirira malire a moyo wanthawi zonse, valavu yothandiza imatsegulidwa ndi mphamvu yapadera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta osasefedwa ayende molunjika mu injini. Ngakhale zili choncho, zonyansa zomwe zili mumafuta zimalowa mu injini pamodzi, koma kuwonongekako kumakhala kochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mafuta mu injini. Chifukwa chake, valavu yothandiza ndiyo chinsinsi choteteza injini pakagwa ngozi. (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti valavu yodutsa)
Muzochitika zachizolowezi, ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za injini zimathiridwa mafuta kuti zigwire ntchito bwino, koma zinyalala zachitsulo zomwe zimapangidwa panthawi yogwira ntchito ya ziwalozo, fumbi lolowa, mpweya wa carbon womwe umasungunuka kutentha kwambiri ndi nthunzi yamadzi zidzapitirira kusakanizidwa mu mafutawo, nthawi yogwira ntchito ya mafuta idzachepa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo ntchito yachizolowezi ya injini ingakhudzidwe pazochitika zazikulu.
Chifukwa chake, ntchito ya fyuluta yamafuta ikuonekera panthawiyi. Mwachidule, ntchito ya fyuluta yamafuta makamaka ndiyo kusefa zinyalala zambiri zomwe zili mumafuta, kusunga mafuta oyera, ndikuwonjezera nthawi yake yogwira ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, fyuluta yamafuta iyeneranso kukhala ndi mphamvu yosefera, kukana kuyenda kwa madzi pang'ono, nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito ndi zina.
Kodi fyuluta yamafuta iyenera kusinthidwa kangati
Nthawi yosinthira fyuluta yamafuta nthawi zambiri imakhala yofanana ndi nthawi yosinthira mafuta, kutengera mtundu wa mafuta omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwambiri:
Mafuta a mchere: 5000 km kapena theka la chaka kuti alowe m'malo mwa mafuta ndi fyuluta yamafuta.
Mafuta opangidwa pang'ono: 7500 km kapena miyezi 7-8 kuti alowe m'malo mwa mafuta ndi fyuluta yamafuta.
Mafuta opangidwa mokwanira: 10000 km kapena sinthani mafuta ndi fyuluta yamafuta kamodzi pachaka.
Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu ina kapena opanga akhoza kukhala ndi malangizo enaake osinthira, monga malangizo ovomerezeka a Great Wall Haval H6 oti musinthe fyuluta yamafuta makilomita 6,000 aliwonse kapena theka la chaka. Chifukwa chake, mukugwira ntchito kwenikweni, ndi bwino kuyang'ana buku lothandizira kukonza galimoto kapena kufunsa katswiri waluso kuti mupeze upangiri wolondola kwambiri wosinthira njinga.
Kawirikawiri, nthawi yosinthira fyuluta yamafuta iyenera kutsimikiziridwa malinga ndi mtundu wa mafuta, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka galimoto ndi malangizo a wopanga kuti atsimikizire kuti injini ikugwira ntchito bwino ndikuwonjezera nthawi yogwira ntchito ya injini.
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