Mafutawa amayikidwa pansi pa injini, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti crankcase yapansi. Tsopano, kumtunda kwa chipika cha silinda ndi chipika cha silinda, kuphatikiza kumunsi kwa poto yamafuta ndi crankcase. Chophimba cha silinda ndi crankcase ziyenera kumangidwa pamodzi.
Tsopano kuti apange mosavuta ndi kukonza, kumtunda kwa crankshaft ndi cylinder block amaponyedwa palimodzi, ndipo poto yamafuta imakhala gawo losiyana, lomangiriridwa ku crankcase ndi zomangira.
Pini yamafuta imagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira mafuta, ndipo, ndithudi, ntchito zina, monga kusindikiza crankcase kuti ikhale malo abwino ogwirira ntchito, kusunga dothi, kutaya kutentha mu mafuta opaka mafuta, ndi zina zotero.
Malo oyika poto yamafuta Ntchito ya poto yamafuta
Ntchito yayikulu ya poto yamafuta ndikusunga mafuta. Injini ikasiya kugwira ntchito, mbali ina ya mafuta a injiniyo imabwerera ku poto mwa mphamvu yokoka. Injini ikayamba, mpope wamafuta umatenga mafutawo kupita ku mbali zonse zokometsera za injiniyo, ndipo mafuta ambiri amakhala mu poto yamafuta. Nthawi zambiri, ntchito ya poto yamafuta ndikusindikiza crankcase ngati chipolopolo cha thanki yosungiramo, kutseka kotsekera, kuteteza zonyansa kuti zisalowe mu thanki, kusonkhanitsa ndi kusunga mafuta opaka chifukwa cha mikangano, kutulutsa kutentha, kuteteza. kutulutsa mafuta oxidation.
Kugawika kwa chipolopolo cha mafuta pansi
chonyowa sump
Magalimoto ambiri pamsika ndi poto yonyowa yamafuta, motero amatchedwa poto yonyowa yamafuta, chifukwa cha crankshaft crank ndi mutu wolumikizira, crankshaft imamizidwa mu poto yamafuta opaka mafuta kamodzi, imagwira ntchito yopaka mafuta. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwambiri kwa crankshaft, kuthamanga kwamtundu uliwonse kumamizidwa mu thanki yamafuta, kumadzutsa maluwa ena amafuta ndi nkhungu yamafuta kuti azipaka matailosi a crankshaft ndi shaft, izi ndizomwe zimatchedwa kuthira mafuta. . Izi zimafuna kutalika kwa msinkhu wamadzimadzi a mafuta opaka mafuta mu poto ya mafuta. Ngati ndi otsika kwambiri, crankshaft crank ndi ndodo yolumikizira mutu waukulu sungathe kumizidwa mumafuta opaka mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kusowa kwamafuta ndi kusalala kwa crankshaft, ndodo yolumikizira ndi matailosi. Ngati mafuta opaka mafuta ndi okwera kwambiri, amayambitsa kumizidwa kwathunthu, kukulitsa kukana kwa crankshaft, ndipo pamapeto pake kumachepetsa magwiridwe antchito a injini. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mafuta odzola amatha kulowa m'chipinda choyaka moto cha silinda, zomwe zingayambitse kuyaka kwa injini, spark plug carbon ndi mavuto ena.
Makina opangira mafutawa ndi osavuta pamapangidwe, osafunikira kukhazikitsa thanki ina yamafuta, koma malingaliro agalimoto asakhale akulu kwambiri, apo ayi zingayambitse ngozi ya kuthyoka kwa mafuta, kuwotcha matayala ndi kukoka silinda. Chonyowa mafuta pansi chipolopolo kapangidwe
sump youma
Mafuta owuma amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma injini ambiri othamanga. Sichisunga mafuta m'chiwaya chamafuta, kapena, sichimasunga mafuta. Malo omwe amasunthawa mu crankcase amapaka mafuta podutsa mabowo a metering. Chifukwa mafuta owuma a poto amachotsa ntchito yosungiramo mafuta a poto ya mafuta, motero kutalika kwa poto yamafuta osakanizidwa kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo kutalika kwa injini kumachepetsedwanso. Phindu lapakati lochepetsedwa la mphamvu yokoka ndilabwino kuwongolera. Ubwino waukulu ndikupewa zovuta zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta onyowa chifukwa choyendetsa mowopsa.
Muyenera kuyanika kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu poto yamafuta, osati mochuluka komanso osachuluka. Ngati sichikukhuta, chitayidwe. Monga magazi amunthu, mafuta omwe ali mu poto yamafuta amasefedwa kudzera pa mpope wamafuta kupita ku fyuluta, kenako kumaso ogwirira ntchito omwe amafunikira mafuta, ndipo pamapeto pake amapaka poto yamafuta kuti azizunguliranso. Moyo wautumiki wamafuta a injini umafunikanso, ndipo uyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yake. Ambiri mwa poto yamafuta amapangidwa ndi zitsulo zopyapyala zachitsulo. Chitsulo chokhazikika chamafuta chimayikidwa mkatimo kuti mupewe kugwedezeka koyenera komanso kuphulika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chipwirikiti cha makina amafuta, chomwe chimathandizira kuti pakhale mvula yamafuta opaka mafuta. Wolamulira wamafuta amayikidwa pambali kuti ayang'ane kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo la pansi la poto lapansi lili ndi pulagi yamafuta yosinthira mafuta.
Muyenera kulabadira poto yamafuta poyendetsa, chifukwa poto yamafuta ili pansi pa injini. Ngakhale mbale yapansi ya injini imatetezedwa, ndiyonso yosavuta kukwapula poto yamafuta yomwe imatsogolera kutulutsa mafuta. Osachita mantha ngati poto yamafuta ikutha. Onani nkhaniyi patsamba lino momwe -- imachitira ndi kutayikira kwamafuta.
