Mafuta fyuluta.
Sefa yamafuta, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti grid yamafuta. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zonyansa monga fumbi, tinthu tachitsulo, ma carbon precipitates ndi tinthu ta mwaye mumafuta kuti titeteze injini.
Fyuluta yamafuta imakhala ndi madzi okwanira komanso mtundu wa shunt. Fyuluta yothamanga kwambiri imalumikizidwa mndandanda pakati pa mpope wamafuta ndi njira yayikulu yamafuta, kotero imatha kusefa mafuta onse opaka omwe amalowa munjira yayikulu yamafuta. Chotsukira shunt chimakhala chofanana ndi njira yayikulu yamafuta, ndipo gawo limodzi lokha lamafuta opaka mafuta omwe amatumizidwa ndi pampu yamafuta amasefedwa.
Pa ntchito ya injini, zitsulo zitsulo, fumbi, madipoziti carbon oxidized pa kutentha kwambiri, dothi colloidal, ndi madzi nthawi zonse kusakaniza mafuta mafuta. Ntchito ya fyuluta yamafuta ndikusefa zonyansa zamakina ndi glia, kusunga mafuta opaka mafuta kukhala oyera, ndikuwonjezera moyo wake wantchito. Zosefera zamafuta ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zosefera, kukana kuyenda pang'ono, moyo wautali wautumiki ndi zina. Dongosolo lamafuta ambiri lili ndi zosefera zingapo zosefera zosiyanasiyana - zosefera zosonkhanitsa, zosefera zowoneka bwino ndi zosefera zabwino, motsatana kapena mndandanda mugawo lalikulu lamafuta. (Zosefera zodzaza zonse pamndandanda wokhala ndi gawo lalikulu lamafuta zimatchedwa, ndipo mafuta opaka mafuta amasefedwa ndi fyuluta injini ikugwira ntchito; Kufanana ndi iyo imatchedwa shunt fyuluta). Fyuluta ya coarse imalumikizidwa mndandanda mumsewu waukulu wamafuta kuti uziyenda bwino; Fine fyuluta ndi shunt mu kufanana mu ndime yaikulu mafuta. Injini zamagalimoto zamakono nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi fyuluta yotolera komanso fyuluta yamafuta yodzaza. Chosefera chowoneka bwino chimachotsa zonyansa mumafuta ndi kukula kwa tinthu kopitilira 0.05mm, ndipo fyuluta yabwino imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusefa zonyansa zokhala ndi tinthu tating'ono toposa 0.001mm.
Makhalidwe aukadaulo
● Pepala losefera: Fyuluta yamafuta imakhala ndi zofunika kwambiri pa pepala losefera kuposa fyuluta ya mpweya, makamaka chifukwa kutentha kwa mafuta kumasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku 0 mpaka 300 madigiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mafuta kumasinthanso molingana ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha, komwe kungakhudze. kusefa kutuluka kwa mafuta. Pepala losefera lamafuta apamwamba kwambiri liyenera kusefa zonyansa pansi pakusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha ndikuwonetsetsa kuyenda kokwanira.
● Mphete yosindikizira mphira: Mphete yosindikizira ya mafuta apamwamba kwambiri imapangidwa ndi mphira wapadera kuti iwonetsetse kuti 100% palibe kutaya mafuta.
● Valovu yobwezeretsanso: Zosefera zapamwamba zokha zamafuta zilipo. Injini ikazimitsidwa, imatha kuletsa fyuluta yamafuta kuti isaume; Injini ikayatsidwa, nthawi yomweyo imapangitsa kupanikizika ndikupereka mafuta kuti azipaka injini. (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti valve yobwerera)
● Vavu yothandiza: Zosefera zamafuta zapamwamba zokha ndizomwe zilipo. Pamene kutentha kwakunja kumatsikira pamtengo wina kapena pamene fyuluta ya mafuta imadutsa malire a moyo wautumiki, valve yothandizira imatsegula pansi pa kupanikizika kwapadera, kulola kuti mafuta osasefedwa ayende molunjika mu injini. Ngakhale zili choncho, zonyansa zamafuta zimalowa pamodzi mu injini, koma kuwonongeka kwake kumakhala kochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kuwonongeka komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mafuta mu injini. Chifukwa chake, valavu yothandizira ndiye chinsinsi choteteza injini pakagwa mwadzidzidzi. (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti bypass valve).
Kodi fyuluta yamafuta iyenera kusinthidwa kangati
Kuzungulira kwa zosefera zamafuta kumatengera mtundu wamafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'galimoto, kuphatikiza mafuta amchere, mafuta opangidwa ndi semi-synthetic ndi mafuta opangidwa bwino, ndipo mafuta amtundu uliwonse amakhala ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana m'malo. Zotsatirazi ndi zozungulira m'malo ndi zovomerezeka:
Mafuta amchere: Nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuti asinthe fyuluta yamafuta pamtunda uliwonse wa makilomita 3000-4000 kapena theka la chaka.
Mafuta opangidwa ndi semi-synthetic: Kuzungulira m'malo nthawi zambiri kumakhala makilomita 5000-6000 kapena theka la chaka kuti alowe m'malo mwa fyuluta yamafuta.
Mafuta opangidwa athunthu: Kuzungulira kosinthika kumakhala kotalika, nthawi zambiri miyezi 8 iliyonse kapena 8000-10000 km kuti m'malo mwa fyuluta yamafuta.
Kuphatikiza pa kuyendetsa mtunda, mutha kusinthanso fyuluta yamafuta malinga ndi nthawi, motere:
Mafuta amchere: Sinthani makilomita 5000 aliwonse.
Semi-synthetic mafuta: kusintha 7500 Km iliyonse.
Mafuta opangidwa kwathunthu: Sinthani makilomita 10,000 aliwonse.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi zonse mafuta akasinthidwa, fyuluta yamafuta iyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo kuti iwonetsetse kuti injini nthawi zonse imakhala ndi mafuta odzola. Ngati fyuluta yamafuta sinasinthidwe munthawi yake, imatha kuyambitsa kutsekeka kwa fyuluta, kukhudza kuyenda kwamafuta, ndikusokoneza magwiridwe antchito ndi moyo wa injini. pa
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