Mfundo ya mzere wa mafuta
Chiwombankhanga chachikhalidwe chomangika chimalumikizidwa ndi chopondapo cholumikizira kudzera kumapeto kwa waya wachitsulo ndi valavu yopumira kumapeto kwina. Kupatsirana kwake ndi 1: 1, ndiko kunena kuti, momwe timagwiritsira ntchito mapazi athu kuti tinyamule pa Angle yotseguka ndi yochuluka bwanji, koma nthawi zambiri, valavu sayenera kutsegula Angle yaikulu, kotero nyengo ino valve. Open Angle sikuti ndi yasayansi kwambiri, ngakhale njira iyi ndi yolunjika kwambiri koma kulondola kwake kowongolera ndi koyipa kwambiri. Ndipo phokoso lamagetsi ndi kudzera mu chingwe kapena waya wowongolera kutseguka kwa phokoso, kuchokera pamwamba ndikulowa m'malo mwa chingwe chachikhalidwe ndi chingwe, koma kwenikweni sikusintha kosavuta kwa kugwirizana, koma kukwanitsa kulamulira ntchito ya mphamvu yagalimoto yonse.
Pamene dalaivala ayenera imathandizira accelerator, pedal udindo sensa adzazindikira chizindikiro kudzera chingwe ECU, ECU pambuyo kusanthula, chiweruzo, ndipo anapereka lamulo kwa galimoto galimoto, ndi galimoto galimoto kulamulira throttle kutsegula, kuti kusintha otaya kuyaka osakaniza, mu katundu lalikulu, throttle kutsegula ndi lalikulu, mu yamphamvu ya kuyaka osakaniza kwambiri. Ngati ntchito kukoka waya throttle kokha kudalira phazi kuponda pa throttle pedal kuya kulamulira throttle kutsegula, n'zovuta kusintha throttle kutsegula Angle kufika ongolankhula mpweya-mafuta chiŵerengero boma, ndi throttle zamagetsi angathe kupyolera. deta ECU sensa anasonkhanitsidwa kusanthula, kufanizitsa, ndi anapereka malangizo kwa throttle actuator kanthu, ndi throttle pa malo abwino kwambiri, Kuti tikwaniritse katundu osiyana ndi zikhalidwe ntchito akhoza pafupi ndi theoretical air mafuta chiŵerengero cha 14.7: 1 boma, kuti mafuta akhoza kuwotchedwa kwathunthu.
Electronic throttle control system imapangidwa makamaka ndi throttle pedal, pedal displacement sensor, ECU (electronic control unit), data bus, servo motor ndi throttle actuator. Sensa yosunthira imayikidwa mkati mwa accelerator pedal kuti iwunikire malo a accelerator pedal nthawi iliyonse. Pamene kusintha kwa accelerator pedal kutalika kwadziwika, chidziwitsocho chidzatumizidwa ku ECU nthawi yomweyo. ECU idzawerengera chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso cha deta kuchokera ku machitidwe ena, ndikuwerengera chizindikiro chowongolera, chomwe chidzatumizidwa ku servo motor relay kupyolera mu mzere. The servo motor imayendetsa throttle actuator, ndipo basi ya data imayang'anira kulumikizana pakati pa dongosolo la ECU ndi ECU ina. Popeza throttle imasinthidwa kudzera pa ECU, makina opangira magetsi amatha kukhazikitsidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti apititse patsogolo chitetezo cha galimoto ndi chitonthozo, zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndi ASR (traction control) ndi speed control (cruise control).
