Mfundo ya mzere wa mafuta
Chiwombankhanga chachikhalidwe chomangika chimalumikizidwa ndi chopondapo cholumikizira kudzera kumapeto kwa waya wachitsulo ndi valavu yopumira kumapeto kwina. Chiŵerengero chake cha kufalitsa ndi 1: 1, ndiko kunena kuti, momwe timagwiritsira ntchito mapazi athu kuti tiyende pa throttle Open Angle ndi zochuluka bwanji, koma nthawi zambiri, valavu sayenera kutsegula Angle yaikulu yotere, kotero nyengo ino valve yotsegula Angle sikutanthauza sayansi kwambiri, ngakhale kuti njira iyi ndi yolunjika kwambiri koma kulondola kwake kumayang'ana bwino kwambiri. Ndipo phokoso lamagetsi ndi kudzera mu chingwe kapena waya wowongolera kutsegulira kwa phokoso, kuchokera pamwamba ndikusintha mzere wamtundu wamtundu ndi chingwe, koma kwenikweni si kusintha kosavuta kwa kugwirizana, koma kukwanitsa kulamulira ntchito ya galimoto yonse yamagetsi.
Pamene dalaivala ayenera imathandizira accelerator, chopondapo udindo kachipangizo adzazindikira chizindikiro kudzera chingwe ECU, ECU pambuyo kusanthula, chiweruzo, ndipo anapereka lamulo kwa galimoto galimoto, ndi galimoto galimoto kulamulira throttle kutsegula, kuti kusintha otaya osakaniza kuyaka, mu katundu waukulu, throttle kutsegula ndi lalikulu, mu yamphamvu osakaniza kwambiri kuyaka. Ngati ntchito Chikoka waya throttle akhoza kudalira phazi kuponda pa throttle pedal kuya kulamulira throttle kutsegula, n'zovuta kusintha throttle kutsegula Angle kufika ongolankhula mpweya-mafuta chiŵerengero boma, ndi phokoso magetsi akhoza kudzera ECU sensa deta anasonkhanitsidwa kusanthula, kuyerekezera, ndipo anapereka malangizo kwa throttle actuator kuti akwaniritse bwino ntchito katundu, ndi bwino ntchito katundu actuator zinthu, pafupi ndi theoretical air mafuta chiŵerengero cha 14.7: 1 boma, kuti mafuta akhoza kuwotchedwa kwathunthu.
Electronic throttle control system imapangidwa makamaka ndi throttle pedal, pedal displacement sensor, ECU (electronic control unit), data bus, servo motor ndi throttle actuator. Sensa yosunthira imayikidwa mkati mwa accelerator pedal kuti iwunikire malo a accelerator pedal nthawi iliyonse. Kusintha kwa accelerator pedal kutalika kwadziwika, chidziwitsocho chidzatumizidwa ku ECU nthawi yomweyo. ECU idzawerengera chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso cha deta kuchokera ku machitidwe ena, ndikuwerengera chizindikiro chowongolera, chomwe chidzatumizidwa ku servo motor relay kupyolera mu mzere. The servo motor imayendetsa throttle actuator, ndipo basi ya data imayang'anira kulumikizana pakati pa dongosolo la ECU ndi ECU ina. Popeza throttle imasinthidwa kudzera pa ECU, makina opangira magetsi amatha kukhazikitsidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti apititse patsogolo chitetezo cha galimoto ndi chitonthozo, zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndi ASR (traction control) ndi speed control (cruise control).
