Ntchito yaikulu ya gawo lowongolera kuyambitsa galimoto
Monga "malo olumikizira mitsempha" a makina amphamvu, gawo lowongolera kuyambika kwa galimoto limagwira ntchito ngati cholumikizira chofunikira cholumikiza malangizo a dalaivala ndi momwe injini imagwirira ntchito. Ntchito zake zimaphatikizapo malamulo a mphamvu, chitetezo, ndi kasamalidwe kanzeru m'mbali zosiyanasiyana.
Kuchokera pakuwona mphamvu yotulutsa, gawo lowongolera injini (ECU) limaphatikiza deta kuchokera kuzinthu monga masensa okhala ndi crankshaft ndi masensa oyendera mpweya kuti asinthe bwino m'lifupi mwa pulse ya injection ya mafuta ndi ngodya yoyatsira moto ndi liwiro la millisecond. Muzochitika zadzidzidzi, ECU idzawonjezera nthawi yomweyo kuchuluka kwa injection ya mafuta ndikupititsa patsogolo nthawi yoyatsira moto, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yoyatsira moto ndi 15%-25%; munthawi yopanda ntchito, imasunga chiŵerengero chabwino kwambiri cha mpweya ndi mafuta cha 14.7:1 kudzera mu closed-loop control, kuonetsetsa kuti injini ikugwira ntchito bwino komanso ikuwonjezera ndalama zosungira mafuta ndi 8%-12%. Gawo lowongolera injection (ICM), monga switch yamagetsi yamagetsi, limawongolera bwino dera loyambira la injection coil kutengera malangizo a ECU, ndikupanga magetsi amphamvu kuti apereke mphamvu ku spark plug, kukhala woyendetsa mwachindunji wa injection ya injini.
Ntchito yoteteza chitetezo ndi chinthu china chofunikira kwambiri pa gawo lowongolera loyambira. Pozindikira kulephera kwa sensa, kuphulika, kapena zolakwika zina, ECU nthawi yomweyo imasunga khodi yolakwika ndikuyambitsa kuwala kochenjeza pa dashboard. Pazochitika zazikulu, imayatsa njira yopumira kuti ichepetse kutulutsa mphamvu, ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwina kwa injini. Gawo lowongolera thupi (BCM) limagwiritsa ntchito netiweki ya CAN kuti likwaniritse chitetezo chogwirizana cha njira yoyambira. Liwiro la galimoto likafika 10 km/h, limatseka zitseko zokha, kuyambitsa ma alarm omveka komanso owoneka bwino ngati pali kulowerera kosaloledwa, komanso kuletsa kuyambitsa kosaloledwa kudzera mu dongosolo loletsa kuba kwa injini. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo lowongolera loyambira lili ndi mphamvu zoyendetsera mphamvu, kuphatikiza magetsi a zida zamagetsi zachikhalidwe, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mawaya ndi 40%, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha ma short circuits ndi kuwonongeka, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito osamalira.
Zizindikiro za vuto la gawo loyambira lolamulira
Pamene galimoto ikukalamba, gawo lowongolera loyambira limatha kukumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha kukalamba kwa zigawo kapena zolakwika za mawaya, makamaka zomwe zimaonekera m'mitundu itatu: kuyambitsa kosazolowereka, kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kosazolowereka.
Chodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi kulephera kwa kuyambitsa. Pamene gawo loyatsira moto lalephera, lidzalephera kuwongolera bwino nthawi yoyatsira moto, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto pakuyatsira injini kapena kulephera kuyatsa moto kwathunthu. Ngati ECU ili ndi vuto la magetsi kapena kuwonongeka kwa kukumbukira, izi zidzatsogolera mwachindunji kulephera kwa malangizo oyatsira moto ndi mafuta, zomwe zidzalepheretsa kwathunthu makina oyatsira moto. Mitundu ina ingakhalenso ndi zovuta zoyambira chifukwa cha kulephera kwa kulumikizana kwa CAN, monga P00A8 fault code yomwe ikuwonetsa kusokonezeka kwa chizindikiro pakati pa ma module agalimoto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti relay yoyambira ilephere kulandira malangizo a ECU.
Kusintha kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsa ndi chizindikiro chobisika cha vuto. Gawo loyatsira lolakwika limayambitsa kuyaka kosakwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu isakwane panthawi yogwira ntchito ya galimoto, kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono, komanso kuchedwa kwa masekondi 0.5-1 pakuwonjezeka kwa liwiro; munthawi yopanda ntchito, injini imakhalanso ndi kugwedezeka nthawi ndi nthawi, ndipo pazochitika zazikulu, idzazimitsidwa mwachindunji. Deta ya sensa ya ECU yosazolowereka ingayambitsenso kusokonezeka kwa mphamvu, mwachitsanzo, kupotoka kwa chizindikiro cha sensa ya mpweya kungayambitse kuwerengera kolakwika kwa jekeseni ya mafuta, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa mphamvu panthawi yosintha katundu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu molakwika ndi mpweya woipa ndi zotsatira zake. Gawo loyatsira lolakwika lingayambitse kuyaka kosakwanira, kuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndi 10%-15%, ndikupangitsa kuti mpweya wa carbon monoxide ndi hydrocarbon upitirire muyezo ndi nthawi 2-3. Ngati ECU ilowa mu njira yolendewera, idzapitiriza kugwira ntchito pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta obayira, ngakhale kuti ikhoza kuletsa kuwonongeka kwa injini, idzawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo m'mitundu ina, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumatha kuwirikiza kawiri.
Njira zodziwira zolakwika ndi njira zoyankhira
Mukakumana ndi zolakwika za module yoyambira, njira yothetsera mavuto yamitundu yambiri yophatikiza kusanthula kwa ma code olakwika, kuzindikira chizindikiro, ndi kuyesa kwa zigawo ziyenera kutsatiridwa. Pozindikira matenda aukadaulo, njira ya vuto imayamba kudziwika powerenga ma code olakwika kudzera mu OBD-II. Ma code P0351-P0358 amaloza mwachindunji ku vuto la module yoyatsira, pomwe P00A8 imasonyeza kulumikizana kosazolowereka kwa CAN. Kenako, mawonekedwe a voltage yoyamba ya module yoyatsira imapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito oscilloscope. Ngati mawonekedwe a wave akuwonetsa phokoso kapena kusokonezeka, zitha kutsimikiziridwa kuti zigawo zamkati za module zawonongeka. Pa zolakwika za ECU, ndikofunikira kuwunikanso ngati voltage yamagetsi yamagetsi ili mkati mwa nthawi zonse za 13.5-14.5V, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, fufuzani ngati pali kupotoka kwa zizindikiro za sensor kudzera mu kusanthula kwa data flow.
Pakukonza tsiku ndi tsiku, eni magalimoto amatha kulandira machenjezo oyambirira mwa kuona zinthu zachilendo. Ngati galimoto ikukumana ndi kuchedwa kuyamba kwa masekondi opitilira 3, kugwedezeka kosagwira ntchito kopitilira 50 rpm pamphindi, kapena kuwonjezeka mwadzidzidzi kwa mafuta opitilira 10%, ndikofunikira kupita ku bungwe la akatswiri kuti akayesedwe mwachangu. Pakukonza, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kusintha gawo loyatsira moto kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a silicone oyendera kutentha kwambiri kuti muwonetsetse kuti kutentha kumachepa, ndipo mapulogalamu a ECU ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yoyambirira yofanana ndi fakitale kuti apewe zolakwika zina zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa magawo. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyeretsa nthawi zonse ma sensor carbon deposits ndikuwunika kulimba kwa kulumikizana kwa waya kumatha kuchepetsa bwino kuchuluka kwa zolakwika mu gawo lowongolera pachiyambi. Lemba lomwe lili pamwambapa limafotokoza mwachidule ntchito zazikulu, zolakwika wamba ndi mapulani oyankha a gawo lowongolera pachiyambi cha galimoto, kuphatikiza magawo onse aukadaulo ndi malingaliro othandiza osamalira. Itha kupereka chidziwitso kwa ogwira ntchito yokonza magalimoto komanso kuthandiza eni magalimoto kumvetsetsa momwe makina oyambira galimoto amagwirira ntchito.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Malingaliro a kampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa MG&MAXUSzida zamagalimoto zalandiridwa kugula.
