Gawo la Gateway la Magalimoto: "Malo Olumikizira Mitsempha" a Magalimoto Anzeru ndi Kuyankha Kolakwika
Pansi pa ukadaulo wa magalimoto anzeru komanso olumikizidwa, magalimoto asintha kuchoka pa magalimoto osavuta amakina kukhala magulu ovuta amagetsi ndi zamagetsi. Mu dongosololi, gawo la chipata chagalimoto limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri ngati "malo olumikizirana mitsempha", limagwira ntchito ngati womasulira wanzeru komanso wotumiza bwino kuti atsimikizire kulumikizana bwino pakati pa makina osiyanasiyana amagetsi mkati mwa galimotoyo. Komabe, ngati malo olumikizirana awa alephera, ntchito zambiri za galimotoyo zidzakhudzidwa, ndipo ngakhale chitetezo choyendetsa galimoto chikhoza kuopsezedwa.
Ntchito Yaikulu ya Gateway Module ya Gateway
Kugwirizanitsa Kumasulira ndi Kulankhulana kwa Protocol Magalimoto amakono ali ndi mayunitsi ambiri owongolera zamagetsi (ECU) monga magetsi, chassis, thupi, ndi machitidwe osangalatsa. Mayunitsi awa amagwiritsa ntchito ma protocol osiyanasiyana olumikizirana monga CAN, LIN, ndi Ethernet, mofanana ndi "madipatimenti olankhula zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana". Ntchito yayikulu ya gateway module ndikugwira ntchito ngati "womasulira", kusintha ma signal kuchokera ku ma protocol osiyanasiyana kuti atsimikizire kusinthana bwino kwa chidziwitso pakati pa makina. Mwachitsanzo, chizindikiro cha liwiro kuchokera ku makina amagetsi chiyenera kusinthidwa ndi gateway chisanawonetsedwe nthawi imodzi pa dashboard ndi pazenera la zosangalatsa; chizindikiro cha LIN kuchokera ku module yowongolera chitseko chiyeneranso kumasuliridwa ndi gateway chisanadziwike ndi basi ya CAN ya makina amagetsi.
Kukonza Dongosolo Lofunika Kwambiri Pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ka galimoto, mapaketi mazana ambiri a deta amapangidwa pa sekondi imodzi. Zizindikiro za mabuleki, machenjezo a kugundana, ndi zina zokhudzana ndi chitetezo ziyenera kutumizidwa kaye, pomwe zambiri zosangalatsa monga kusewera nyimbo ndi zosintha zoyendera zitha kukonzedwa pambuyo pake. Gawo la gateway lili ndi luso lanzeru lokonza nthawi, kugawa bandwidth motsatira malamulo ofunikira a ISO 11898: mauthenga okhudzana ndi chitetezo ali ndi patsogolo kwambiri, kutsatiridwa ndi mauthenga amagetsi, komanso otsika kwambiri pa mauthenga azinthu zosangalatsa. Njira yotsogola iyi imapewa bwino deta yosafunikira yomwe imatenga bandwidth, kuonetsetsa kuti malangizo adzidzidzi amatumizidwa pa liwiro la millisecond ndikuletsa zoopsa zachitetezo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa deta.
Chitetezo cha Chitetezo cha pa Intaneti Pamene magalimoto anzeru akulumikizidwa kwambiri ndi maukonde akunja, zoopsa za chitetezo cha pa intaneti zimawonjezekanso. Gawo la chipata ndi "firewall" ya chitetezo cha pa intaneti cha magalimoto, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wodzipatula wa zida kuti agawane netiweki ya galimotoyo m'magawo osiyanasiyana achitetezo, monga gawo lamphamvu lachitetezo chapamwamba ndi gawo lotseguka la zosangalatsa. Galimoto ikasinthidwa ndi OTA kapena kuphatikiza mafoni am'manja, chipata chimasefa ndikutsimikizira deta yakunja kuti iteteze ma code oyipa kuti asalowe ndikupewa machitidwe owongolera ofunikira (monga chiwongolero ndi mabuleki) kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito molakwika.
Kuzindikira Zolakwika ndi Kuyang'anira Mkhalidwe Gawo la chipata limagwiranso ntchito yowunikira momwe ma ECU onse amagwirira ntchito. Limasonkhanitsa deta yogwira ntchito nthawi yeniyeni kuchokera ku ma ECU opitilira 50 m'galimoto yonse, kuphatikiza ma voltage, kutentha, ndi ma code olakwika, ndikusunga mu kukumbukira kosasinthasintha. Ogwira ntchito yokonza amatha kuwerenga deta ya chipata pogwiritsa ntchito chida chodziwira matenda, kupeza mwachangu gawo lolakwika, kuchepetsa nthawi yodziwira matenda ndi pafupifupi 40%, makamaka pazovuta zina. Kuphatikiza apo, chipatacho chimatha kulola ndikuwunika momwe ma netiweki am'deralo amagwirira ntchito, kuonetsetsa kuti makina onse a netiweki akugwira ntchito bwino.
Zolakwika ndi Zizindikiro Zofala za Gateway Module ya Gateway
Kulephera kwa Ntchito ya Zipangizo Zamagetsi Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha kulephera kwa chipata ndi kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino kapena kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa zida zamagetsi. Mwachitsanzo, machitidwe osangalatsa monga kuyenda, mawu, ndi Bluetooth amalephera kugwira ntchito bwino, ntchito za thupi monga kutseka zitseko, kukweza ndi kutsitsa mawindo, ndi kusagwira ntchito bwino kwa galasi loyang'ana kumbuyo, ndipo ngakhale chophimba chowongolera chapakati chingayambirenso mobwerezabwereza kapena kufiyira. Mwiniwake wa BMW 3 Series adanenanso kuti kuzimitsidwa pafupipafupi mu dongosolo loyendera, komwe pambuyo pake kunapezeka kuti kumachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a CAN bus a gawo la chipata, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti kutumiza deta kusokonezeke.
Kuwala Kosazolowereka kwa Chida Choyikira Magetsi Olakwika Pamene chipatacho sichikutumiza uthenga kuchokera ku makina osiyanasiyana bwino, magetsi oletsa kutsetsereka, vuto la braking, handbrake yamagetsi, airbag, ndi zina zotero pa chida choyikira magetsi onse amatha kuunikira, pomwe makina ofanana nawo sangakhale ndi vuto. Mtundu uwu wa "alamu yabodza" ukhoza kusokeretsa eni magalimoto, kuyambitsa nkhawa zosafunikira komanso kuwonetsa kusayenda bwino kwa deta ndi kukonza kwa chipatacho.
Kulephera kwa kulumikizana kwa netiweki ndi kuyambitsa galimoto, kulephera kwa gateway module kungayambitsenso kulumikizana kwa netiweki yagalimoto kosazolowereka, monga kulephera kulumikizana ndi ma netiweki opanda zingwe, ma signal ofooka a WIFI, zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito zanzeru monga kuyenda pa intaneti ndi kuwongolera kutali. Pazochitika zazikulu kwambiri, mavuto monga galimoto yosayamba kapena kuzimitsa yokha mkati mwa sekondi imodzi amatha kuchitika. Izi zili choncho chifukwa makina oyambira amaphatikizapo ntchito yogwirizana ya ma module angapo, ndipo kulephera kwa gateway kumadula kulumikizana pakati pawo.
Zoopsa zomwe zingachitike pa chitetezo Ngati kulephera kwa chipata kungakhudze kutumiza kwa zizindikiro zowongolera machitidwe ofunikira monga mabuleki ndi chiwongolero, zimabweretsa zoopsa zazikulu zachitetezo. Mwachitsanzo, mwiniwake wa Audi Q5L mwadzidzidzi anagwira mabuleki mwadzidzidzi ndipo anataya mphamvu yowongolera accelerator pamene akuyendetsa. Pambuyo poyang'anitsitsa, zinapezeka kuti madzi analowa mu mpando wakumbuyo ndikunyowetsa gateway module, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti gateway module ichedwe ndipo motero inakhudza magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino amagetsi.
Kuyankha ndi kupewa kulephera kwa gawo la gateway
Kukonza nthawi yake ndi kuzindikira matenda aukadaulo Galimoto ikangowonetsa zizindikiro zachilendo zomwe zili pamwambapa, ndikofunikira kulumikizana ndi akatswiri aukadaulo mwachangu. Kudzera mu chida chowunikira, werengani zambiri za cholakwika zomwe zasungidwa pachipata, ndikupeza vuto molondola. Mukakonza, choyamba chiyenera kuperekedwa posankha zida zoyambirira za fakitale. Chipata chachiwiri cha fakitale chingakhale ndi mavuto osagwirizana ndi protocol, zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwika zatsopano monga galimoto yosalowa mu sleep mode kapena batri kutha mphamvu. Mukasintha chipata, ndikofunikiranso kugwiritsa ntchito chida chowunikira cha wopanga kuti mulembe khodi ya VIN yagalimoto ndi zambiri zokonzera kuti muwonetsetse kuti gawoli likugwira ntchito bwino.
Malangizo Osamalira Tsiku ndi Tsiku Mukamayendetsa galimoto tsiku ndi tsiku, pewani kuyika zida zosagwira ntchito. Ngati mawaya alumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi chingwe chamagetsi cha chipata, n'zosavuta kuyambitsa magetsi ochulukirapo ndikuwotcha gawolo. Mukatsuka galimoto, samalani ndi kuletsa madzi kulowa. Chipata nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa pansi pa dashboard kapena m'mbali mwa trunk. Musathamangire kupopera madzi amphamvu mwachindunji m'malo awa ndi mfuti yamadzi, chifukwa kulowa kwa madzi kungayambitse ndalama zokwana mayuan mazana angapo. Kuphatikiza apo, mukakonza makilomita 2-3,000 aliwonse, funsani katswiri kuti ayang'ane malo olumikizira mawaya a chipata, yeretsani fumbi ndi ma oxide kuti muchepetse mwayi woti zolakwika zichitike.
Ngakhale kuti gawo la gateway ndi laling'ono, limagwirizana ndi magwiridwe antchito ambiri ofunikira a galimotoyo. Kumvetsetsa ntchito yake ndi zizindikiro za vuto, kukonza tsiku ndi tsiku ndikukonza nthawi yake, kungathandize kuti galimoto yanzeru ikhale bwino komanso kupereka mwayi woyenda bwino kwa oyendetsa ndi okwera.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Malingaliro a kampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa MG&MAXUSzida zamagalimoto zalandiridwa kugula.
