Kodi chipika cha silinda yamagalimoto n'chiyani?
Chipika cha injini ndiye chimango chothandizira injini, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa chipika cha silinda. Monga gawo lalikulu la injini, chimaphatikiza masilinda osiyanasiyana ndi crankcase kukhala chimodzi, ndikupanga chimango chothandizira kuyika ma pistoni, ma crankshaft, ndi zina.
Ntchito zazikulu za chipika cha silinda ndi izi:
- Monga maziko osonkhanitsira zida zonse za injini, ili ndi mabowo a silinda (komwe ma pistoni amasunthira mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo), ma jekete amadzi ozizira (otsogolera kuyenda kwa choziziritsira kuti kutentha kutayike), ndi njira zamafuta (zopaka mafuta ofunikira). Imagwiranso ntchito limodzi ndi mutu wa silinda kuti ipange chipinda choyaka moto, chomwe chimapirira kutentha kwambiri ndi kupsinjika ndipo chimatenga nawo mbali pakusintha mphamvu ya kutentha kuchokera ku kuyaka kwa mafuta kukhala mphamvu yamakina.
- Ponena za zipangizo ndi kapangidwe kake, chipika cha silinda nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu kapena aluminiyamu - mabuloko achitsulo chopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu ali ndi ubwino monga mphamvu zambiri, kukana kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri, komanso mtengo wotsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera mitundu yomwe imayang'anira kukhazikika; mabuloko a aluminiyamu ndi opepuka, amathandiza kusunga mphamvu, koma ali ndi kukana kofooka ndipo nthawi zambiri amafuna ma cylinder liners, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto ang'onoang'ono. Kapangidwe kake, chipika cha silinda chikhoza kukhala cha mitundu yowongoka, yooneka ngati V, kapena yosiyana mopingasa, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji kulinganiza, kutulutsa mphamvu, ndi momwe injini imagwirira ntchito.
Kapangidwe ka silinda ndi kofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa injini, chifukwa kulondola kwa mabowo a silinda kumakhudza kutseka kwa chipinda choyaka moto, kulimbitsa nthiti kumawonjezera mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti injini ikugwira ntchito bwino ikanyamula katundu wambiri.
Kapangidwe ka chipika cha silinda ndi kusankha zipangizo zake zimakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a injini. Ma chipika chachitsulo chogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, sagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, komanso amakhala otsika mtengo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale oyenera mitundu yomwe imafuna kulimba; ma chipika a aluminiyamu amadziwika kuti ndi opepuka, amatha kutentha bwino, ndipo amathandiza kuchepetsa kulemera kwa magalimoto, kuchepetsa mafuta, komanso kuchepetsa nthawi yotenthetsera, koma ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri.
Ming'alu ya silinda imafunika chithandizo chachangu kuti ipewe kulephera kwakukulu. Choyamba, siyani ntchito ya injini ndikudikirira kuti izizire kwathunthu. Kenako, yeretsani madontho a mafuta ozungulira mng'aluwo ndikuwunika kukula, kuzama, ndi malo a mng'aluwo kuti mudziwe dongosolo lokonzera.
Kusankha njira yokonzera kumadalira kuopsa kwa ming'aluyo, zinthu zopangidwa ndi silinda (monga chitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena aluminiyamu), komanso mtengo wake. Njira zodziwika bwino ndi izi:
- Kukonza zowotcherera: koyenera ming'alu yaying'ono komanso yoyikidwa bwino. Mabuloko achitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo amagwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kwa gasi, pomwe mabuloko a aluminiyamu amafunika kuwotcherera kwa argon arc kapena njira zowotcherera za aluminiyamu; musanakonze, yeretsani bwino ndikupukuta ming'aluyo, ndikuchita chithandizo cha kutentha mukawotcherera kuti muchepetse kupsinjika. Njirayi ndi yotsika mtengo koma imafuna luso lapamwamba laukadaulo.
- Chodzaza chachitsulo kapena chotseka: pa ming'alu yosaya, gwiritsani ntchito zodzaza zachitsulo zapadera kapena zotseka mwachindunji kuti mudzaze ming'aluyo; ntchitoyo ndi yosavuta, siifuna zida zovuta, koma ili ndi mphamvu zochepa kuposa kuwotcherera ndipo ndi yoyenera kukonza kwakanthawi kapena kopepuka. Kuyika kapena kuboola silinda ndikusintha choyika silinda: Njira iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ming'alu yayikulu kapena yovuta kwambiri. Mwa kuboola silinda kuti ikule m'mimba mwake ndikuyika choyika silinda yatsopano, kapangidwe kake kakhoza kulimba. Ndikokwera mtengo kwambiri koma kumatha kubwezeretsa mphamvu ya thupi la silinda. Njira iyi ikhoza kuganiziridwa pamene thupi la silinda yonyowa lasweka.
Kusintha thupi la silinda: Iyi ndi njira yodalirika kwambiri pamene ming'aluyo yakula kwambiri (monga kulowa kapena kukhudza kapangidwe kake). Imathetsa vutoli kwathunthu koma ndi yokwera mtengo. Imafunika kufananiza zomwe fakitale idafotokoza poyamba ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kuyika kwake kuli kolondola.
Kaya njira iti yasankhidwa, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito akatswiri aluso ndikuyang'ana pistoni, mphete za pistoni, ndi zina zokhudzana nazo kuti zisawonongeke. Pambuyo pokonza, mayeso a kuthamanga ayenera kuchitika kuti atsimikizire kuti kutseka kwa injini kukugwira ntchito bwino. Kusamalira injini nthawi zonse kuyenera kuchitika kuti ming'alu isabwerenso.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
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