Kodi ndi bwino kukonza kapena kusintha compressor ya air conditioner? Yankho lake limadalira mtundu wa kuwonongeka ndi zaka za galimoto: yoyera komanso yopanda kukayikira.
Chinthu chokhumudwitsa kwambiri choyendetsa galimoto nthawi yachilimwe ndi pamene mpweya woziziritsa mwadzidzidzi umasiya kugwira ntchito - ndipo compressor ikawonongeka, ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zofala kwambiri. Eni magalimoto ambiri amavutika kukonza kapena kusintha: kukonza kungayambitse kuwonongeka posachedwa; kusintha kungawononge ndalama zambiri komanso kukhala kokwera mtengo kwambiri. Ndipotu, kukonza kapena kusintha sikudalira nzeru; zimatengera zinthu zitatu zazikulu: mtundu wa kuwonongeka (kulephera kwa makina kapena vuto lamagetsi), mtengo wokonza (mtengo wokonzanso kamodzi poyerekeza ndi mtengo wosinthira), ndi zaka ndi zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito galimoto (kaya ndi galimoto yakale yomwe ikufunika kusintha kapena galimoto yatsopano yomwe idzagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali). Nkhaniyi ikuphatikiza zomwe eni magalimoto 5 anakumana nazo (3 adasankha kukonza, 2 adasankha kusintha), ndi zomwe adakumana nazo akatswiri azaka 10 aukadaulo kuchokera ku malo okonzera magalimoto, kuti aone momwe zinthu zingakonzedwe (monga kulephera kwa clutch, kulumikizana kosakwanira kwa ma circuit, komwe kumatha kukonzedwa ndikupitilira kwa zaka 3 kapena kuposerapo) ndi zomwe ziyenera kusinthidwa (monga kuwonongeka kwa piston mkati, kuphulika kwa chipolopolo, komwe kumatha kukonzedwa koma sikukhalitsa nthawi yayitali mutakonza). Imaperekanso "Table Yoyerekeza ya Ndalama Zokonzera ndi Kusintha" ndi "Malangizo Okhudza Kusintha kwa Zaka za Magalimoto", kukuthandizani kupanga chisankho kutengera zomwe muli nazo, kupewa ndalama zosafunikira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mpweya woziziritsa ukhoza kugwira ntchito bwino nthawi yonse yachilimwe.
I. Choyamba, mvetsetsani: Nchifukwa chiyani compressor ya air conditioner ndi yofunika kwambiri?
Chokometsera mpweya chimatchedwa "mtima" wa makina oziziritsira mpweya, chomwe chimagwira ntchito ngati "pompu" - chimakoka choziziritsira mpweya kuchokera kumapeto otsika mpaka kumapeto okwera, zomwe zimathandiza kuti choziziritsira chiziyenda m'mapaipi, n’kutuluka nthunzi ndikuzizizira kuti chichotse kutentha m'galimoto, motero chimatulutsa mpweya wozizira. Ngati chokometseracho chawonongeka, choziziritsira mpweya sichingayende, ndipo choziziritsira mpweya chimangotulutsa mpweya wachilengedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale ngati kukhala mu "sauna" m'galimoto nthawi yachilimwe.
Kapangidwe ka compressor si kovuta, koma zigawo zapakati ndi zolondola kwambiri: makamaka zimakhala ndi nyumba, pistoni (kapena rotor), clutch, ma bearing, ndi ma circuits. Mavuto ofala kwambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala "zomangira zakunja" (monga clutch ndi ma circuits) kapena "zigawo zamkati zapakati" (monga pistoni ndi ma bearing), ndipo "kukonzanso" kwa mitundu iwiriyi ya kuwonongeka kumasiyana kwambiri.
II. Kutengera mtundu wa kuwonongeka: Mitundu iwiri ikhoza kukonzedwa, itatu iyenera kusinthidwa
Tao, makanika wazaka 10 yemwe wakhala akugwira ntchito yokonza magalimoto, anati: "Sikuti nthawi zonse compressor imasinthidwa ikawonongeka; choyamba, dziwani kuti ndi gawo liti lomwe lasweka - mavuto ang'onoang'ono akunja amatha kukonzedwa, pomwe zigawo zamkati zomwe zasweka ziyenera kukonzedwa zisanawononge ndalama."
(1) Mitundu iwiri ya kuwonongeka iyi ikhoza kukonzedwa
Kulephera kwa clutch (vuto lofala kwambiri lokonzedwa)
Compressor clutch ili ngati "switch" - ikayatsa air conditioner, clutch imayima, ndikuyendetsa compressor kuti igwire ntchito; ikazima, imasiya kugwira ntchito. Ngati coil yamagetsi ya clutch yatha (yomwe imaonekera ngati: pali phokoso "lofuula" ikayatsa air conditioner koma compressor siitembenuka), kapena mbale yolumikizirana yatha (yomwe imaonekera ngati: air conditioner ndi yozizira koma nthawi zina si yozizira, ndipo nthawi zina pamakhala phokoso lachilendo), iyi ndi "kulephera kwa gawo lakunja lovala", komwe kungasinthidwe mosiyana ndi clutch, popanda kusintha compressor yonse.
Mwini galimoto wa ku Beijing, Bambo Li (Volkswagen Passat yokhala ndi galimoto ya zaka 6) anakumana ndi vutoli chilimwe chatha: atayatsa choziziritsira mpweya, anamva phokoso la "kudina", kenako panalibe mpweya wozizira. Anapita ku malo okonzera magalimoto kuti akawone ndipo anapeza kuti choziziritsira chamagetsi cha clutch chinali chitayaka. Makanika anati, "Ingosinthani choziziritsira," ndipo chinawononga ndalama zokwana 600 yuan (kuphatikizapo zida ndi ntchito), ndipo atachikonza, chakhala pafupifupi chaka chimodzi tsopano, ndipo choziziritsira mpweya chikugwirabe ntchito bwino.
Tao anakumbutsa kuti: "Pa zovuta zokhudzana ndi clutch, bola ngati thupi la compressor core silinawonongeke, ndizotheka kusintha zigawo zokha, mtengo wake nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa 500-1500 yuan (kutengera mtundu wake, mtengo wa galimoto yapakatikati ndi wotsika mtengo, ndipo pa galimoto yapamwamba ndi yokwera pang'ono), yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika mtengo theka kapena kuposerapo kuposa kusintha compressor yonse (2000-8000 yuan)."
Kulumikizana kwa dera lozungulira kapena kulephera kwa sensa
Nthawi zina, compressor siisweka, koma ma circuit olumikizidwa amakhala otayirira (monga oxidation ya pulagi), kapena vuto la sensa ya pressure kapena temperature sensor (kulakwitsa poganizira kuthamanga kwambiri ndikukakamiza compressor kuti asiye kugwira ntchito). Ili ndi "vuto la peripheral circuit", osati compressor yokha yomwe yasweka, ndipo kukonza kumakhala kosavuta.
Mayi Wang, mwini galimoto wochokera ku Shanghai, ankayendetsa galimoto ya Toyota Corolla (yomwe ili ndi zaka 4) yomwe mpweya wake woziziritsa mwadzidzidzi unasiya kuzizira. Anapita ku sitolo ya 4S nati, "Ingafunike kusintha compressor, ndipo mtengo wake ndi 3,000 yuan." Sanakhutire ndipo anapita ku shopu yokonza magalimoto yomwe ili m'mbali mwa msewu. Katswiriyo anayang'ana dera ndipo anapeza kuti pulagi ya compressor inali itasungunuka. Ataiyeretsa ndikuyiyikanso, inakonzedwa ndi 50 yuan. "Sitolo ya 4S sinayang'ane dera ndipo inanena mwachindunji kuti isinthe compressor. Anatsala pang'ono kundinyenga," anatero Mayi Wang.
Njira yowunikira mavuto otere: Mukamagwiritsa ntchito choziziritsira mpweya, gwiritsani ntchito multimeter kuti muyese ngati pulagi ya compressor ili ndi mphamvu - ngati ili ndi mphamvu koma sikugwira ntchito, ikhoza kukhala vuto ndi compressor yokha; ngati ilibe mphamvu, choyamba yang'anani dera ndi masensa, ndipo musasinthe compressor mwachindunji.
(2) Mitundu itatu iyi ya kuwonongeka, ngakhale itakonzedwa, siimatenga nthawi yayitali ndipo iyenera kusinthidwa.
Kuwonongeka kwa makina mkati (ma pistoni, ma bearing, ma rotor asweka)
Ngati pisitoni mu compressor yaima, ma bearing amatha (monga: pali "phokoso la kugwedezeka kwachitsulo" mukamagwiritsa ntchito air conditioner, kapena compressor sizungulira konse, ndipo kuyambitsa mokakamiza kudzawotcha fuse), izi ndi za "zigawo zazikulu". Chifukwa compressor ndi kapangidwe kotsekedwa komanso kolondola mkati, ziwalo zamakina zikatha, ngakhale zitachotsedwa kuti zikonzedwe, zimakhala zovuta kubwezeretsa kulondola koyambirira, ndipo magwiridwe antchito otseka adzachepa (amakhala ndi vuto la kutayikira kwa refrigerant), ndipo akhoza kuswekanso pakatha miyezi ingapo.
Bambo Chen, mwini galimoto wochokera ku Guangzhou, anakumana ndi izi: chilimwe chatha, compressor ya Honda Civic yake (yomwe ili ndi zaka 8) inapanga phokoso lachilendo. Katswiriyo anati, "Ma bearing atha, akhoza kukonzedwa." Anagwiritsa ntchito 1,200 yuan kusokoneza ndikusintha ma bearing. Komabe, atagwiritsa ntchito kwa miyezi itatu, air conditioner inasiya kuziziranso, ndipo zinapezeka kuti "chifukwa ma bearing anali atatha, rotor inakhala yosiyana, ndipo chipolopolocho chinakanda ndi mpata, ndipo refrigerant inatuluka kwathunthu." Pomaliza, anagwiritsa ntchito 3,000 yuan kusintha compressor yatsopano, zomwe zinali zofanana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito 1,200 yuan pachabe.
Bambo Zhang anati, "Zolakwika zamkati mwa makina, pokhapokha ngati ndi galimoto yokwera mtengo kwambiri (monga compressor ya Mercedes-Benz kapena BMW, yomwe imadula ndalama zoposa 10,000 yuan kuti isinthidwe), ikhoza kukonzedwa ndi fakitale yaukadaulo (sinthani zida zoyambirira za fakitale ndi zida zazikulu, zitsekeninso). Pa magalimoto wamba a mabanja a 100,000, mtengo wokonzanso ndi wofanana ndi kusintha, palibe chifukwa chokonza."
Kuphulika kwa chipolopolo kapena kutayikira kwakukulu
Chipolopolo cha compressor ndi chipolopolo chachitsulo chotsekedwa. Ngati ching'ambika chifukwa cha kugundana kapena kukalamba (monga kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali komwe kumayambitsa chipolopolocho kusweka), refrigerant idzatuluka madzi ambiri (tsegulani choziziritsira mpweya, ndipo mkati mwa mphindi zochepa, mutha kununkhiza fungo lochepa "longa la mankhwala", ndipo chizindikiro cha kuthamanga chikuwonetsa kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga). Vutoli silingathe kukonzedwa - ming'alu ya chipolopolo chachitsulo ndi yovuta kutseka, ngakhale itatsekedwa kwakanthawi ndi guluu, refrigerant idzatulukabe pansi pa kuthamanga kwamphamvu, ndipo ikhoza kutuluka madzi ku zigawo zina (monga injini), zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwina.
Chilimwe chatha pambuyo pa mvula yamphamvu ku Zhengzhou, magalimoto ambiri adasefukira, ndipo compressor ya galimoto ya a Zhao idachita dzimbiri komanso ming'alu atanyowa ndi madzi. Katswiri anati, "Sizingakonzedwe, ziyenera kusinthidwa." Poyamba anakana, ndipo anapeza munthu wogwiritsa ntchito kuwotcherera kuti akonze ming'aluyo, ndipo anagwiritsa ntchito ma yuan 800. Komabe, poigwiritsa ntchito, refrigerant inadumpha mofulumira, ndipo inawononga condenser. Pomaliza, anasintha compressor + condenser, nagwiritsa ntchito ma yuan 5,000, omwe anali ma yuan 2,000 kuposa momwe compressoryo inasinthira mwachindunji.
"Compressor 'yakhazikika' (kotheratu)"
Ngati firiji siisinthidwa kwa nthawi yayitali (monga zaka zoposa 5 popanda kusinthidwa), zinyalala zomwe zili mufiriji zidzawononga ziwalo zamkati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pisitoni ndi silinda zitsekere (mukagwiritsa ntchito choziziritsira mpweya, compressor sizungulira, kapena pamveka phokoso la "kugundana", kenako liwiro la injini limatsika mwadzidzidzi), izi ndi za "kotheratu". Chifukwa mkhalidwe wotsekeka umapangitsa ziwalo zamkati kusokonekera, ngakhale zitasokonezedwa mwamphamvu, palibe phindu lokonzanso, ndipo zitha kusinthidwa zokha.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Malingaliro a kampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa MG&MAXUSzida zamagalimoto zalandiridwa kugula.
