Kodi chotsukira mafuta cha galimoto ndi chiyani?
Chophikira mafuta cha galimoto yoyendera ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pansi pa galimotoyo, chomwe chimagwira ntchito makamaka posonkhanitsa ndikusunga mafuta a galimotoyo, komanso kupereka mafuta, kuziziritsa, komanso kuyeretsa zinthu zoyenda monga magiya ndi mabearing mkati mwa galimotoyo.
Makamaka, ntchito zake zazikulu ndi izi:
- Kusunga mafuta otumizira: Monga chidebe cha mafuta otumizira, chimaonetsetsa kuti mafutawo akuyenda bwino mkati mwa makinawo.
- Kupaka mafuta ndi kuziziritsa: Mafuta otumizira amapopedwa kuchokera mu poto yamafuta kupita kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azigwiritsidwa ntchito bwino komanso kuchepetsa kukangana, komanso zimathandiza kuchotsa kutentha komwe kumachitika panthawi yogwira ntchito komanso kupewa kutentha kwambiri.
- Kusefa zinyalala: Pani yamafuta nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi maginito kapena zosefera, zomwe zimatha kunyamula ndi kuwononga zinyalala zachitsulo, matope, ndi zina zonyansa, kuziletsa kuti zisayendetse ndi kuipitsa mafuta atsopano ndikuwonjezera nthawi ya moyo wa kutumiza.
- Kutseka ndi kuteteza: Chidebe cha mafuta chimatsekedwa bwino ndi chosungira magiya kuti mafuta asatuluke ndikuletsa fumbi lakunja, chinyezi, ndi zinyalala zina kuti zisalowe mkati mwa giya.
Pa nthawi yokonza, kuchotsa chidebe cha mafuta kuti chilowe m'malo mwa mafuta (chomwe chimadziwika kuti "kuchotsa chidebe cha pansi kuti chisinthe mafuta") ndi njira yosamalira bwino kwambiri, yomwe ingathenso kusintha fyuluta yotumizira ndikuyeretsa malo osungiramo mafuta, makamaka yoyenera magalimoto okhala ndi mtunda wautali kapena misewu yodzaza nthawi yayitali.
Chidziwitso: Chidebe cha mafuta otumizira (Chidebe cha Mafuta Otumizira) ndi chidebe cha mafuta a injini (Chidebe cha Mafuta a Injini) ndi zigawo ziwiri zosiyana. Choyamba ndi cha makina otumizira, pomwe chachiwiri ndi cha makina odzola mafuta a injini. Malo awo ndi ntchito zawo ndizosiyana.
Chidebe cha mafuta cha giya la galimoto ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pansi pa giya, ndipo mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito imaphatikizapo zinthu zisanu: kusungira, kutseka, kuziziritsa, kusefa, ndi kusunga, zomwe zimathandiza kuti giya la galimoto lizigwira ntchito bwino komanso moyenera.
Mfundo yaikulu ya ntchito
- Kusunga ndi kutseka mafuta otumizira
Chidebe cha mafuta ndi "chidebe" cha mafuta otumizira, chomwe chimayang'anira kusonkhanitsa ndikusunga mafuta odzola omwe amabwerera kuchokera kuzinthu zokangana monga magiya ndi ma bearing mkati mwa chidebecho. Chimatsekedwa ndi chosungira chotumizira kudzera mu gasket ya chidebe cha mafuta kuti mafuta asatayike ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pali mafuta okwanira mu chidebecho kuti mafuta azitha kulowetsedwa komanso kufalikira kwa hydraulic (pa ma transmissions odziyimira pawokha, ATF imagwiranso ntchito ngati mafuta a hydraulic) panthawi yogwira ntchito.
- Kutaya ndi kuziziritsa kutentha
Chojambuliracho chimapanga kutentha kwakukulu panthawi yogwira ntchito. Chidebe cha mafuta nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo (monga mbale zopyapyala zachitsulo, zitsulo zotayidwa ndi aluminiyamu), ndipo chikakhudzana ndi mpweya wakunja, chimatha kutulutsa kutentha kwina kuchokera ku mafuta ojambulira, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutentha kwamkati kwa chojambuliracho ndikuletsa mafutawo kuti asawonongeke chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, motero amawonjezera nthawi ya moyo wa mafuta ndi ziwalo zamkati.
- Kusefa ndi kutayira zinyalala
Pakapita nthawi, magiya, ma clutch plates, ndi zinthu zina za giya zimabala zinyalala zazing'ono zachitsulo ndi zinyalala. Giya la mafuta nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi cholepheretsa kukhazikika, chomwe chingachepetse kugwedezeka ndi kupopera kwa mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinyalalazi zikhazikike pansi pa giya la mafuta pamene mafuta akuyenda pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimaletsa zinyalala kuti zisayende bwino ndikuwonjezera kuwonongeka. Izi zimapangitsa giya la mafuta kukhala "thanki yotenthetsera" komanso "fyuluta" yamkati mwa giya.
- Chitetezo ndi kukhazikika
Chidebe cha mafuta chili pansi pa giya ndipo chimapirira mwachindunji kugunda ndi kugwedezeka kuchokera pamwamba pa msewu. Kapangidwe kake kakhoza kupereka mphamvu inayake yotetezera, kuteteza magiya ndi mabearing enieni kuti asagwere mwachindunji. Nthawi yomweyo, chimagwiranso ntchito ngati "chipolopolo" cha giya, kuteteza fumbi lakunja, matope, ndi zinyalala zina kuti zisalowe mkati mwa giya.
- Kupereka mawonekedwe owunikira ndi kukonza
Mbali ya poto yamafuta nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi chotsukira mafuta (m'mitundu ina), chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwona kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu giya yoyendera. Pansi pake pali pulagi yotulutsira madzi, yomwe ndi njira yofunikira yosinthira mafuta oyendera panthawi yokonza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yokonza tsiku ndi tsiku ikhale yosavuta.
Mwachidule, poto yamafuta otumizira si "poto yamafuta" yosavuta, koma ndi gawo lokwanira lomwe limaphatikiza kusungira, kutseka, kuziziritsa, kusefa, ndi kutsekereza. Mwa kuyang'anira bwino mafuta otumizira, zimaonetsetsa kuti mafuta akupitilizabe, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa kuziziritsa, komanso kuyera kwa malo amkati. Ndi "ngwazi yakumbuyo" yomwe imatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kodalirika kwa magiya. Pakakhala kutayikira kwamafuta mu poto yamafuta, nthawi zambiri zimathetsedwa pongosintha gasket yotsekereza.
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