Kodi chodulira magalimoto n'chiyani?
Chosinthira gawo la magalimoto, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimatanthauza chowongolera mu dongosolo la nthawi ya valve yosinthika (VVT), chimadziwikanso kuti camshaft phase regulator kapena timing regulator. Si chipangizo chodziyimira pawokha cha "phase shifter" koma ndi gawo lalikulu la dongosolo la nthawi ya valve ya injini, lomwe limayang'anira kusintha nthawi yotsegulira ndi kutseka ma valve olowa kapena otulutsa mpweya kutengera liwiro la injini, katundu, ndi zina zomwe zimagwira ntchito, kuti ziwongolere mphamvu yotulutsa, kusunga mafuta, komanso magwiridwe antchito.
Ntchito yake yaikulu ndikusintha ngodya ya gawo logwirizana pakati pa camshaft ndi crankshaft, potero kukwaniritsa nthawi yosinthasintha ya valve. Nthawi yachikhalidwe ya valve yokhazikika siyingagwirizane ndi mikhalidwe yonse yogwirira ntchito, pomwe gawo losinthira limatha kukwaniritsa "kusintha kwanzeru":
Pa liwiro lotsika komanso katundu wochepa: Patsogolo kutsegula kwa valavu yolowera kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa kulowa, kuwonjezera mphamvu ndi kusalala.
Pa liwiro lalikulu komanso katundu wambiri: Chepetsani kutseka kwa valavu yolowera, pogwiritsa ntchito mwayi wa intake inertia effect kuti muwongolere bwino ntchito yochaja ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yotulutsa.
Mitundu ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito za gawo losinthira
Chosinthira gawo la hydraulic (chodziwika bwino)
Yoyendetsedwa ndi kupanikizika kwa mafuta a injini kudzera m'ma rotor amkati a mtundu wa tsamba kapena ozungulira ngati buloko, kusintha malo pakati pa camshaft ndi gudumu la unyolo. Valavu yowongolera mafuta (OCV) imayang'anira kayendedwe ka mafuta motsatira lamulo la ECU kuti ikwaniritse nthawi yotsogola kapena kuchedwa.
Kapangidwe: Kuphatikizapo stator, rotor, chipinda cha hydraulic, lock pin, ndi return spring, ndi zina zotero.
Zoletsa: Liwiro ndi kulondola kwa kusintha kwa injini zimakhudzidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa mafuta a injini ndi kutentha kwake, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatha kusinthidwa kuchokera "gawo loyamba" kupita mbali imodzi.
Chosinthira magetsi (ukadaulo watsopano)
Yoyendetsedwa mwachindunji ndi mota, yogwirizanitsa kusiyana kwa liwiro lozungulira pakati pa camshaft, gudumu la unyolo, ndi mota kudzera mu kapangidwe ka makina ka axis atatu kuti ikwaniritse kusintha kwa magawo molondola komanso mwachangu.
Ubwino: Kuyankha mwachangu, kulondola kwambiri pakulamulira, sikukhudzidwa ndi momwe mafuta a injini amagwirira ntchito, komanso kusinthasintha kwamphamvu.
Zoyipa: Zokwera mtengo kuposa za mtundu wa hydraulic, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto apamwamba.
Kusamvetsetsana komwe kumadziwika bwino kwafotokozedwa
Sensa ya gawo ≠ gawo: Sensa ya gawo (monga sensa ya malo a camshaft) ndi "diso" lomwe limazindikira malo a valavu, pomwe sensa ya gawo ndi "dzanja" lomwe limachita kusintha.
Chosinthira ma frequency ≠ kapena chosinthira ma signal: Zinthu zina zomwe sizili zamagalimoto zimatchula "kusintha ma signal" komwe kumatanthauza kusintha kwa ma signal amagetsi, kosagwirizana ndi kapangidwe ka makina a injini.
Chotsula magalimoto ndi imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri kuti injini zamakono zigwire bwino ntchito, kuteteza chilengedwe, komanso kugwira ntchito bwino. Imakonza nthawi yotsegulira ndi kutseka ma valve, zomwe zimathandiza kuti injini "ipume" bwino m'mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yogwirira ntchito. Pakadali pano, mtundu waukulu ndi wa hydraulic, pomwe mtundu wamagetsi pang'onopang'ono ukukhala chizolowezi chamtsogolo.
Mawu akuti "chopper" m'munda wamagalimoto angakhale olakwika. Chomwe nthawi zambiri timakambirana ndi chowongolera majenereta (chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chowongolera ma voltage), chomwe ndi gawo lalikulu la makina ochajira magalimoto ndipo chimayang'anira kukhazikika kwa mphamvu yamagetsi ya jenereta. Ngati chalephera, chidzakhudza mwachindunji magetsi ndi magwiridwe antchito a galimotoyo.
Nazi zizindikiro zodziwika bwino, zomwe zimayambitsa, ndi njira zothetsera mavuto mu makina owongolera jenereta yamagalimoto:
Cholakwika Chachikulu Chochitika:
- Kuwala kosonyeza batire kosayenera: Kuwala kosonyeza batire (kosonyeza kuchaja) pa dashboard kumakhala koyatsidwa kapena kung'anima nthawi zonse, komwe ndi chizindikiro chochenjeza kwambiri, kusonyeza kuti makina ochaja sakugwira ntchito bwino.
- Voltage ya batri yolakwika:
- Mphamvu yochepa yamagetsi (yochepera 12V): Imayambitsa kusakwanira kwa batri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimoto isamayende bwino, magetsi azizimiririka, zipangizo zamagetsi sizigwira ntchito bwino, komanso injini imazimitsidwa mwadzidzidzi ikayendetsa.
- Mphamvu yamagetsi yokwera (yoposa 14.5V): Imayambitsa kudzaza kwambiri kwa batri, kufulumizitsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwa electrolyte mkati mwa batri, kutukumuka, kuwonongeka, ndipo pazochitika zazikulu, zingayambitse chiopsezo cha kuphulika kwa batri.
- Kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito a galimoto: Chifukwa cha mphamvu yosakhazikika, izi zingayambitse kugwira ntchito molakwika kwa gawo lowongolera injini (ECU), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injini igwedezeke, kuthamangitsa kosakwanira, liwiro losakhazikika, komanso kuzimitsa injini mwadzidzidzi.
- Kulephera kwa zida zamagetsi: Magetsi a magalimoto, makina amawu, mawindo, ndi zina zotero, akhoza kugwira ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi, kuwala kosazolowereka, kapena kuwonongeka mwachindunji chifukwa cha mphamvu yosakhazikika yamagetsi.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Vuto Lofala:
- Kulephera kwa zigawo zamagetsi zamkati: Ma transistors a Field-effect (FETs) kapena ma transistors a Darlington omwe ali mkati mwa regulator amatha kusweka kapena kutseguka chifukwa cha overvoltage, kutentha kwambiri, kapena kukalamba, chomwe ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kusakhazikika kwa voltage (kaya yapamwamba kwambiri kapena yotsika kwambiri).
- Zinthu zokhudzana ndi chilengedwe: Kutentha kwambiri m'chipinda cha injini, chinyezi, ndi kuyendetsa galimoto kwa nthawi yayitali m'misewu yodzaza ndi mikwingwirima zimathandizira kukalamba kwa chowongolera.
- Kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu yamagetsi mu jenereta: Pamene mphamvu yamagetsi yotulutsa jenereta si yokhazikika kapena katundu akusintha kwambiri, imawonjezera katundu pa chowongolera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chizigwira ntchito pafupipafupi komanso kuwononga.
- Mavuto a mawaya: Mapulagi olumikizira otayirira, odzimbidwa, kapena mizere yolumikizira yosweka komanso yofupikitsidwa ingalepheretsenso chowongolera kugwira ntchito bwino.
Njira Zodziwira Matenda ndi Kuthetsa Matenda:
- Chigamulo choyamba: Choyamba, yang'anani momwe kuwala kwa chowunikira choyatsira magetsi kulili pa dashboard ndikuyesa voltage pakati pa ma terminal a batri ndi multimeter (pamene injini ikugwira ntchito). Voltage yanthawi zonse iyenera kukhala pakati pa 13.8V ndi 14.5V. Ngati voltage ili yotsika kwambiri kapena yokwera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zitha kudziwika kuti chowongolera kapena jenereta ndi cholakwika.
- Kuzindikira matenda aukadaulo: Ndikofunikira kupita ku malo okonzera magalimoto akatswiri. Akatswiri adzagwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zowunikira matenda kuti awerenge ma code olakwika ndikuwunika bwino jenereta, woyang'anira, ndi dera lonse lochapira kuti apeze molondola malo olakwika.
- Ndondomeko yokonza:
- Sinthani chowongolera: Kwa owongolera zamagetsi, ngati kuwonongeka kwatsimikizika, kusintha mwachindunji ndiye njira yachangu komanso yodalirika kwambiri.
- Yang'anani mawaya: Musanasinthe chowongolera, onetsetsani kuti mawaya olumikizira ndi mapulagi ali bwino kuti gawo latsopano lisawonongeke chifukwa cha mavuto a mawaya.
- Yang'anani jenereta: Nthawi zina, zolakwika mu jenereta yokha (monga maburashi, zokonzanso) zimathanso kuwonekera ngati mavuto a regulator, kotero ziyenera kufufuzidwa pamodzi.
Dziwani: "Electronic Chopper" yomwe yatchulidwa pa intaneti nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto amagetsi kapena ma drones ndipo ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi yowongolera jenereta yamagalimoto. Palinso "regulator" mu makina oziziritsira mpweya m'galimoto, koma ntchito yake ndikulamulira kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa ma air vents, ndipo sizikugwirizana ndi makina ochajira. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti kuyendetsa bwino, ngati pali zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe zili pamwambapa, chonde funsani akatswiri nthawi yomweyo. Musayendetse galimoto ndi galimoto yolakwika.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Malingaliro a kampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa MG&MAXUSzida zamagalimoto zalandiridwa kugula.
