Kodi ntchito ya kasupe wa airbag ndi yotani?
Kasupe wa airbag amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza airbag yayikulu (yomwe ili pa chiwongolero) ndi waya wa airbag. Ndi chida cholumikizira waya. Ntchito yake ndi kuteteza chitetezo cha okwera pakagwa ngozi mgalimoto.
Galimoto ikagundana, chitetezo cha airbag chimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri poteteza chitetezo cha okwera.
Dongosolo la chitetezo cha airbag nthawi zambiri limakhala dongosolo limodzi la airbag la chiwongolero kapena dongosolo la airbag ziwiri. Magalimoto okhala ndi dongosolo la airbag ziwiri ndi lamba la mpando amakhala ndi airbags ndi lamba la mpando zomwe zimagwira ntchito nthawi imodzi ngati ngozi yachitika, mosasamala kanthu za liwiro. Izi zimapangitsa kuti airbag iwonongeke mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zokonzera ziwonjezeke kwambiri.
Dongosolo la ma airbag awiri okhala ndi zochita ziwiri amatha kusankha okha kugwiritsa ntchito pre-tensioner ya lamba la mpando, kapena zonse ziwiri pre-tensioner ya lamba la mpando ndi ma airbag awiri nthawi imodzi galimoto ikagundana. Chifukwa chake, pakagundana kotsika, dongosololi lingagwiritse ntchito lamba la mpando lokha kuteteza mokwanira chitetezo cha okwera, popanda kuwononga airbag. Ngati galimoto ikagundana ndi liwiro loposa 30 km/h, lamba wa mpando ndi airbag zimagwira ntchito nthawi imodzi kuteteza chitetezo cha okwera. Galimoto ikagundana kutsogolo, dongosolo lowongolera ma airbag achitetezo limazindikira mphamvu ya kugundana (kuchepa kwa mphamvu).
Kompyuta ya airbag yotetezeka ikazindikira kuti mphamvu yokhudza galimoto yapitirira mtengo womwe wayikidwa, nthawi yomweyo imalumikiza dera la detonator lamagetsi mu gawo la inflation ndikuyatsa choyatsira moto mkati mwa detonator yamagetsi. Lawi limayatsa ufa woyatsira ndi chinthu chopangira gasi, ndikupanga mpweya wambiri, womwe umadzaza airbag mkati mwa masekondi 0.03, zomwe zimapangitsa airbag kukula mwachangu ndikuphulika kudzera pachivundikiro chokongoletsera pa chiwongolero ndikukankhira dalaivala ndi okwera, zomwe zimapangitsa mitu yawo ndi zifuwa zawo kukanikizidwa pa airbag yodzazidwa kuti iteteze kugunda. Kenako, mpweya womwe uli mu airbag umatulutsidwa.
Chikwama cha mpweya chimatha kugawa mphamvu yogundana mofanana kumutu ndi pachifuwa, kuteteza thupi la okwera lofooka kuti lisagundane mwachindunji ndi thupi la galimoto, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri mwayi wovulala. Chikwama cha mpweya chotetezeka chimathandizadi kuteteza okwera pakugundana kutsogolo. Ngakhale lamba wa mpando sunamangidwe, chikwama cha mpweya choteteza kugundana chimakhala chokwanira kuchepetsa kuvulalako. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, galimoto ikagundana kutsogolo, chikwama cha mpweya chotetezeka chingachepetse kuvulala kwa okwera ndi 64%, ndipo ngakhale 80% ya okwera savala malamba achitetezo. Ponena za kugundana kuchokera kumbali ndi kumbuyo kwa mpando, ntchito ya lamba wa mpando imadalirabe momwe imagwirira ntchito.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa kuphulika kwa thumba la mpweya ndi pafupifupi ma decibel 130, mkati mwa kuchuluka komwe thupi la munthu lingathe kupirira; 78% ya mpweya womwe uli mu thumba la mpweya ndi nayitrogeni, womwe ndi wokhazikika komanso wopanda poizoni, komanso wopanda vuto kwa thupi la munthu; ufa womwe umatulutsidwa panthawi yophulika ndi ufa wothira mafuta womwe umaletsa thumba la mpweya kuti lisamamatire pamodzi pamene lapindidwa, komanso ndi wopanda vuto kwa thupi la munthu.
Chilichonse chili ndi mbali ziwiri. Chikwama cha mpweya chotetezeka chilinso ndi mbali yake yosatetezeka. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, ngati galimoto ikuyenda pa liwiro la 60 km/h ndipo mwadzidzidzi yagundana, galimotoyo imayima mkati mwa masekondi 0.2, pomwe chikwama cha mpweya chidzatuluka pa liwiro la pafupifupi 300 km/h, ndipo mphamvu yogunda yomwe imapezeka ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 180, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuti ziwalo za thupi la munthu zomwe zili pachiwopsezo monga mutu ndi khosi zinyamule. Chifukwa chake, ngati ngodya ndi mphamvu yotulutsa chikwama cha mpweya zachepa pang'ono, zitha kubweretsa "tsoka".
Pakuyendetsa galimoto, masensa atatu amaika nthawi zonse chidziwitso chokhudza kusintha kwa liwiro mu chowongolera zamagetsi, chomwe chimawerengera, kusanthula, kuyerekeza, ndi kuweruza, ndipo chimakhala chokonzeka kupereka malangizo nthawi iliyonse. Galimoto ikagundana ndi liwiro lochepera 30 km/h, sensa yakutsogolo ndi sensa yake yotetezeka yolumikizidwa nthawi yomweyo imayika chizindikiro cha kugundana ku chowongolera zamagetsi ndikupereka malangizo oti aphulitse lamba wachitetezo choyambira tensioner, pomwe chizindikiro cha sensa yapakati sichingachititse wowongolera zamagetsi kupereka malangizo oti aphulitse lamba wamagetsi wa airbag. Chifukwa chake, pakugundana kothamanga pang'ono (komwe kumachedwetsa pang'ono), bola ngati chowongolera chikakoka lamba wachitetezo kumbuyo, ndikokwanira kuteteza okwera kuti asagundane patsogolo.
Mu kugundana kwa liwiro lalikulu (komwe kumachepa kwambiri), masensa akutsogolo ndi masensa apakati nthawi imodzi amaika zizindikiro zogundana ku wowongolera zamagetsi. Wowongolera zamagetsi mwachangu amapanga chigamulo ndikupereka malangizo, nthawi yomweyo akuphulitsa ma pre-tensioner akumanzere ndi akumanja ndi zophulitsa zamagetsi za ma airbags awiri. Pamene lamba la mpando likukokedwa kumbuyo, ma airbags awiriwa amatseguka nthawi imodzi, kutenga mphamvu yogundana yomwe imapangidwa ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa okwera, kuteteza bwino chitetezo chawo.
Galimoto ikagundana ndi chinthu chokhazikika kutsogolo, liwiro la galimoto likakhala lofulumira, liwiro limachepa kwambiri, ndipo mphamvu yomwe masensa amalandira imakula kwambiri. Ngati mphamvu yokonzedweratu ya masensa akutsogolo ndi masensa apakati yagawidwa m'malire apamwamba ndi otsika, ndiko kuti, liwiro lokonzedweratu la masensa akutsogolo lili pansi pa mtengo wotsika wa 30 km/h, ndipo mtengo wokonzedweratu wa sensa yotetezeka ndi mtengo wotsika, ndiye kuti pakagwa kugundana kwa liwiro lotsika, chowongolera zamagetsi chimangoyambitsa pre-tensioner ya lamba lachitetezo. Mtengo wokonzedweratu wa sensa yapakati ndi malire apamwamba, kenako pakagwa kugundana kwa liwiro lalikulu, masensa akutsogolo, masensa apakati ndi masensa oteteza nthawi imodzi amapereka zizindikiro zogongana kwa wowongolera zamagetsi, ndipo chowongolera zamagetsi chimaphulitsa zotulutsira zamagetsi zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malamba achitetezo amangike ndipo matumba a mpweya atseguke.
Kuyambira pamene ngozi yachitika, masensa omwe amatumiza zizindikiro kwa wowongolera mpaka nthawi yoweruza ndi kuphulika kwa zotulutsira zamagetsi, zimatenga pafupifupi 10 ms. Pambuyo pophulika, jenereta ya gasi imapanga mpweya wambiri wa nayitrogeni, womwe umadzaza mofulumira thumba la mpweya. Kuyambira pamene ngozi yachitika mpaka kupangidwa kwa thumba la mpweya, kenako mpaka kumangidwa kwa lamba wa mpando, njira yonse imatenga 30-35 ms. Chifukwa chake, chitetezo cha dongosolo la thumba la mpweya ndi chabwino kwambiri.
Pambuyo poti chikwama cha mpweya chaphulika, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umalowa mu chikwama cha mpweya, kuthamanga kwa chikwama cha mpweya kumawonjezeka, zomwe sizingathandize kuyamwa mphamvu ya kugundana. Chifukwa chake, kumbuyo kwa chikwama cha mpweya, pali mabowo awiri otulutsa mpweya kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa mpweya, zomwe zimathandiza kuteteza chitetezo cha okwera.
Monga njira yothandizira chitetezo cha galimoto, ikulandira chidwi cha anthu kwambiri. Galimoto ikagundana ndi chopinga, imatchedwa kugundana kamodzi, ndipo okweramo amagundana ndi zinthu zamkati, zomwe zimatchedwa kugundana kwachiwiri. Pambuyo pa kugundana kamodzi, thumba la mpweya limatsegula mwachangu khushoni yodzaza ndi mpweya, zomwe zimathandiza okweramo "kupumula pa khushoni" chifukwa cha kutopa, motero kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa okweramo ndikuyamwa mphamvu ya kugundana, kuchepetsa kuvulala kwa okweramo.
Ma airbags achitetezo apangidwa mofulumira, ndipo mitengo yatsika kwambiri. Magalimoto okhala ndi ma airbags nawonso asintha kuchoka pamagalimoto apakatikati kupita apamwamba kupita kumagalimoto apakatikati kupita otsika. Nthawi yomweyo, magalimoto ena ayika ma airbags achitetezo cha okwera (monga, ma airbags awiri achitetezo), omwe ali ofanana ndi ma airbag achitetezo a dalaivala, koma ndi voliyumu yayikulu komanso mafuta ambiri ofunikira. Kuyambira m'ma 1990, magwiridwe antchito a chitetezo cha ma airbags achitetezo akhala akuvomerezedwa kwambiri ndipo amaonedwa ngati chipangizo chamakono komanso chapamwamba kwambiri chachitetezo. Kumvetsetsa mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndi njira zodzitetezera za ma airbags achitetezo ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tidziteteze bwino, koma kwa oyendetsa, kuyendetsa bwino ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, chomwe palibe chipangizo chapamwamba chachitetezo chomwe chingalowe m'malo.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Malingaliro a kampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa MG&MAXUSzida zamagalimoto zalandiridwa kugula.
