Kusanthula kwa Zomwe Zimayambitsa Zolakwika mu Gudumu Lokakamiza ndi Gudumu Loyimirira la Jenereta ya Magalimoto
Mu makina opatsira magalimoto a injini ya galimoto, chopatsira magalimoto chopatsira magalimoto ndi chopatsira magalimoto chopanda mphamvu, ngakhale kuti ndi chaching'ono, chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakusunga mphamvu ya lamba ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mphamvu ikuyenda bwino. Ngati chilichonse mwa izi chalephera, sizingokhudza kugwira ntchito bwino kwa zinthu monga jenereta ndi chopopera mpweya, komanso pazochitika zazikulu, zingayambitsenso kuti makina opatsira magalimoto asokonezeke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makina awonongeke. Kufufuza zomwe zayambitsa kulephera kwawo ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukonza magalimoto ndi kupewa zolakwika.
I. Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti gudumu lokakamiza lisamagwire bwino ntchito
(1) Kapangidwe ndi Zolakwika Zazinthu
Kuganiza bwino kwa kapangidwe ka gudumu lokakamiza komanso kusankha zinthu zake kumatsimikizira nthawi yomwe limagwira ntchito. Ngati zinthu za thupi la gudumu sizinasankhidwe bwino, monga kukhala zolimba kwambiri, zidzafulumizitsa kusweka kwa lamba, motero kukulitsa kusweka kwa gudumu lokakamiza; ngati zinthuzo ndi zofewa kwambiri, zimatha kusinthika pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimataya mphamvu yowongolera kupsinjika kwa lamba. Kapangidwe ka magudumu okakamiza a magalimoto ena kamakhala ndi zolakwika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupsinjika kwakukulu panthawi yogwira ntchito. Pakachitika kupsinjika mobwerezabwereza, thupi la gudumu kapena kasupe wamkati limatha kusweka msanga. Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe koyipa ka chisindikizo chonyamula katundu kamalola fumbi lakunja ndi nthunzi yamadzi kulowa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta onyamula katundu alephere, kuonjezera kukana kozungulira, ndipo pamapeto pake zimapangitsa kuti phokoso ndi zolakwika zikhale zomangika.
(2) Njira zosayenera zoyikira
Zolakwika zomwe zimachitika panthawi yokhazikitsa ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti gudumu lokakamiza liwonongeke msanga. Kupatuka mu ngodya yokhazikitsa kumabweretsa mphamvu yosagwirizana pa gudumu lokakamiza, komanso kupsinjika kwambiri m'malo ena, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigawozo ziwonongeke mwachangu. Kusasintha bwino mphamvu yokakamiza isanakhazikitsidwe kumabweretsanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Ngati mphamvu yokakamiza isanakhazikitsidwe ndi yomasuka kwambiri, lamba silingathe kupeza mphamvu yokwanira, ndipo mano otsetsereka ndi odumphadumpha angachitike; ngati mphamvu yokakamiza isanakhazikitsidwe ndi yolimba kwambiri, idzawonjezera katundu pa bearing ndi body ya gudumu, ndikufupikitsa nthawi yawo yogwirira ntchito. Ngati mabotolo omangira sanakhazikitsidwe ku torque yodziwika, pang'onopang'ono amamasuka pansi pa kugwedezeka kwa kayendedwe ka galimoto, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo ogwirira ntchito a gudumu lokakamiza asunthe ndikugwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosafunikira pakukhazikitsa kungayambitse kuwonongeka kobisika kwa nyumba ndi ma bearing a gudumu lokakamiza, ndikuyika maziko a kulephera kotsatira.
(3) Kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe kwa nthawi yayitali
Pamene mtunda wa galimoto ukukwera, gudumu lolimbitsa mphamvu lidzalephera pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali. Mafuta opaka mkati mwa bearing adzauma pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bearing izungulire kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa phokoso losazolowereka. Pazochitika zazikulu, imatha kulephera. Chosungira cha rabara cha gudumu lolimbitsa mphamvu chidzataya kulimba chifukwa cha ukalamba ndipo sichingateteze bwino kugwedezeka kwa lamba. Izi sizimangopangitsa kuti lamba liziwonongeka kwambiri komanso zimawonjezera mphamvu pa gudumu lolimbitsa mphamvu. Kasupe wamkati wa torsion udzataya kulimba kwake pang'onopang'ono panthawi yowonjezereka komanso yochepetsedwa mphamvu kwa nthawi yayitali, osatha kupereka kulimba kokhazikika kwa lamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti lamba liziyenda pang'onopang'ono ndikutsetsereka.
(4) Mikhalidwe yoopsa yogwirira ntchito komanso kusowa kwa kukonza
Kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo otentha kwambiri kudzathandizira kukalamba kwa zigawo za gudumu lokakamiza. Kutentha kwambiri kudzapangitsa kuti mafuta opaka mafuta azitha kusungunuka mwachangu ndikufulumizitsa kukalamba kwa zigawo za raba; kutentha kochepa kudzapangitsa kuti rabala likhale lolimba ndipo kusinthasintha kwa kasupe kuchepe. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati galimotoyo ikugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso kwa nthawi yayitali, monga kukwera mapiri nthawi zambiri ndi katundu wambiri kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi zamphamvu kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali, gudumu lokakamiza lidzakhalabe mumkhalidwe wolemera kwambiri nthawi zonse, zomwe zidzawonjezera kutopa ndi kutopa. Kunyalanyaza kukonza nthawi zonse ndikulephera kuyang'ana nthawi yake kuchuluka kwa kuvulala ndi momwe gudumu lokakamiza limagwirira ntchito kudzapangitsa kuti zolakwika zazing'ono zisonkhanire pang'onopang'ono, pamapeto pake zingayambitse kulephera kwakukulu.
II. Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kulephera kwa Zida Zotsika
(1) Kuwonongeka kwa mabearing ndi kulephera kwa mafuta
Ntchito yaikulu ya gudumu losagwira ntchito ndikuwongolera kayendedwe ka lamba ndikusintha njira yotumizira. Ma bearing ake nthawi zonse amakhala mumkhalidwe wozungulira mwachangu. Ngati magwiridwe antchito otseka ma bearing ndi otsika, fumbi ndi chinyezi kuchokera kunja zidzalowa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta opaka mafuta aipitsidwe ndikutayika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yokangana iwonjezereke panthawi yozungulira bearing, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phokoso lizimveka, kugwedezeka, kapena kugwidwa. Ngati kukonza kukusowa kwa nthawi yayitali, mafuta opaka mafuta amkati mwa ma bearing adzauma, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma bearing awonongeke kwambiri ndipo pamapeto pake zimapangitsa kuti gudumu losagwira ntchito lilephereke.
(2) Zotsatira za kuvulala kosazolowereka kwa lamba
Lamba likayamba kutha ndi kusweka chifukwa cha kukalamba kapena kupsinjika kosayenera, zinyalala zomwe zimapangidwa chifukwa cha kutha zimamatira pamwamba pa gudumu losagwira ntchito, zomwe zimawonjezera kutha kwa pamwamba pa gudumulo. Nthawi yomweyo, mphamvu yogunda yomwe imabwera chifukwa cha kugwedezeka ndi kutsetsereka kwa lambalo idzapangitsa kuti mabearing a gudumu losagwira ntchito azinyamula katundu wowonjezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabearing awonongeke mofulumira. Komanso, ngati chitsanzo cha lamba sichikugwirizana ndi gudumu losagwira ntchito, zimabweretsa malo osagwirizana pakati pa awiriwa, ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu m'malo ena, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutha kwachilendo pamwamba pa gudumu losagwira ntchito.
(III) Mavuto Okhazikitsa ndi Kukonza
Kupatuka kwa malo oyika gudumu la idler kudzapangitsa kuti ngodya yolumikizirana pakati pa lamba ndi gudumu la idler ikhale yosamveka bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya lamba ikhale yosagwirizana. Izi sizimangofulumizitsa kutopa kwa lamba komanso zimapangitsa kuti bearing ya gudumu la idler ikhale ndi mphamvu yowonjezera ya radial, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yake yogwirira ntchito ifupikitsidwe. Mabotolo osasunthika adzapangitsa kuti gudumu la idler ligwedezeke panthawi yogwira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti lisathe kutsogolera bwino transmission ya lamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti lamba lidumphe ndikupanga phokoso losazolowereka. Nthawi yomweyo, zidzawonjezeranso kutopa kwa gudumu la idler lokha.
III. Zinthu Zomwe Zimayambitsa Mavuto Ofanana
Kuwonjezera pa zifukwa za vuto zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, zolakwika za gudumu lokakamiza ndi gudumu loyimirira zimakhudzidwanso ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri. Choyamba, ubwino wa zowonjezera ndi vuto. Ziwiya zotsika mtengo sizingakwaniritse miyezo yoyambirira ya fakitale pankhani ya zida ndi luso, ndipo nthawi yawo yogwirira ntchito ndi yochepa kwambiri kuposa ya zinthu zenizeni, zomwe zimatha kulephera msanga. Kachiwiri, malo ogwirira ntchito agalimoto amachita gawo lake. Kuyendetsa galimoto kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo okhala ndi fumbi, matope, otentha kapena ozizira kudzathandizira kukalamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa zidazo. Pomaliza, zizolowezi zoyendetsera galimoto zimathandizanso. Kuthamanga mofulumira komanso kuchepa kwa liwiro pafupipafupi kudzapangitsa kuti makina otumizira magalimoto azipirira kugwedezeka kwa katundu pafupipafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti gudumu lokakamiza ndi gudumu loyimirira liziwonongeke.
Pomaliza, zolakwika za gudumu lokakamiza ndi gudumu loletsa kuyenda kwa galimoto yopangira magalimoto ndi zotsatira za zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kuyambira pakupanga ndi kupanga mpaka kukhazikitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, kuyambira kukonza tsiku ndi tsiku mpaka momwe ntchito ikuyendera komanso malo ogwirira ntchito, vuto lililonse pagawo lililonse lingayambitse zolakwika. Pakuyendetsa galimoto tsiku ndi tsiku, eni magalimoto ayenera kuyika kufunika kokonza nthawi zonse, kuzindikira mwachangu ndikusintha zinthu zomwe zawonongeka, komanso nthawi yomweyo kukhala ndi zizolowezi zabwino zoyendetsera galimoto kuti ziwonjezere nthawi yogwira ntchito ya gudumu lokakamiza ndi gudumu loletsa kuyenda ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makina otumizira magalimoto akuyenda bwino.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Malingaliro a kampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa MG&MAXUSzida zamagalimoto zalandiridwa kugula.
