Kodi sensa ya crankshaft yamagalimoto ndi chiyani?
Sensa ya crankshaft (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti sensa ya crankshaft position) ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri mu dongosolo lamagetsi lowongolera injini. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuzindikira malo ozungulira (ngodya) ya crankshaft ndi liwiro la injini, kenako ndikutumiza izi nthawi yeniyeni ku unit yowongolera injini (ECU) kuti iwongolere bwino nthawi yoyatsira, nthawi yoyatsira mafuta, ndi nthawi yoyatsira.
Ntchito zazikulu
Dziwani ngodya ya crankshaft: Dziwani malo enieni a pistoni mu silinda (monga pakati pakufa).
Yang'anirani liwiro la injini: Werengani RPM (ma revolutions pamphindi) ndi ma frequency a kuzungulira kwa crankshaft.
Gwirizanani ndi sensa ya malo a camshaft: Pamodzi, zindikirani momwe silinda iliyonse imagwirira ntchito (monga kuponderezedwa), ndipo pangani jekeseni yamafuta motsatizana ndi kuyatsa.
Mitundu yodziwika bwino ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito
Mtundu wa induction wa maginito-magetsi (mtundu wa magnetic pulse)
Yopangidwa ndi maginito okhazikika, cholumikizira cholumikizira, ndi diski ya chizindikiro yokhala ndi mano/mkombero.
Pamene crankshaft izungulira, diski ya chizindikiro imasintha mphamvu ya maginito, ndikupanga chizindikiro chamagetsi chosinthana mu coil.
Kapangidwe kake ndi kosavuta komanso kodalirika, komwe kamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto akale komanso m'magalimoto ena amakono.
Mtundu wa zotsatira za Hall
Amagwiritsa ntchito chinthu cha Hall kuti azindikire kusintha kwa mphamvu ya maginito ndipo amatulutsa chizindikiro cha kugunda kwa mafunde a sikweya.
Imafuna magetsi akunja a 5V ndipo ili ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi kusokoneza komanso kulondola kwambiri.
Amapezeka kwambiri m'makampani monga General Motors (GM), Chrysler, ndi zina zotero.
Mtundu wa Photoelectric
Yopangidwa ndi LED, photodiode, ndi diski ya chizindikiro yokhala ndi mabowo owala.
Kupanga kuwala/mthunzi mosinthana kumapanga zizindikiro za kugunda kwa mtima, zomwe zinkagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Nissan ndi mitundu ina.
Chifukwa chakuti imakhudzidwa ndi mafuta ndi fumbi, yathetsedwa kwambiri.
Malo oyika
Kutsogolo kwa crankshaft (pafupi ndi pulley ya lamba)
Kumbuyo kwa crankshaft (pafupi ndi flywheel kapena gearbox housing)
Pakati pa crankshaft
Mu chogawa (mu mitundu yakale)
Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za kulephera
Injini singathe kuyamba
Kusakhazikika kosagwira ntchito, kuthamanga kofooka
Nyali ya injini yolakwika yayatsidwa
Makhodi olakwika osungidwa (monga P0335, P0336, ndi zina zotero)
Njira yodziwira (chitsanzo: mtundu wa maginito-magetsi)
Kuwunika kukana: Kukana kwa coil nthawi zambiri kumakhala 125–250Ω (kutengera mtundu).
Kuyang'ana mphamvu ya chizindikiro: Mukayambitsa injini, gwiritsani ntchito multimeter kuti muyese mphamvu yamagetsi yotulutsa, yomwe iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu ya AC pulse ya 0.2–2V.
Kuyang'ana mipata: Mpata pakati pa diski ya chizindikiro ndi mutu wamaginito wa sensa nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa 0.2–0.4mm.
Ngati sensa yawonongeka, ECU sidzatha kupeza zambiri zofunika pa nthawi, zomwe zingachititse kuti makina ojambulira mafuta ndi kuyatsa alephereke, ndipo galimotoyo sidzatha kugwira ntchito.
Sensa ya crankshaft (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti sensa ya malo a crankshaft) ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri mu dongosolo lowongolera zamagetsi la injini. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuzindikira ngodya ya crankshaft, liwiro la injini, ndi malo apakati a piston, kenako ndikutumiza chidziwitsochi mu mawonekedwe a chizindikiro chamagetsi ku unit yowongolera injini (ECU) kuti iwongolere bwino nthawi yoyatsira moto komanso nthawi yoperekera mafuta.
Ntchito yaikulu
Dziwani malo a crankshaft: Dziwani ngodya ya crankshaft yomwe ilipo panopa.
Yesani liwiro la injini: Werengani liwiro (RPM) ndi chiwerengero cha ma pulses pa nthawi iliyonse.
Dziwani pakati pa piston top dead: Perekani chizindikiro cha kuyatsa ndi kulowetsa mafuta kwa silinda iliyonse.
Gwirizanani ndi sensa ya camshaft position: Pamodzi, dziwani kuti ndi silinda iti yomwe ili kumapeto kwa compression stroke, ndipo pangani kuyatsa kotsatizana ndi kulowetsa mafuta.
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito (potengera mtundu wa gulu)
Sensor ya crankshaft ili ndi mitundu itatu yayikulu, ndipo mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito ndi izi:
Mtundu wa induction wa maginito-magetsi (mtundu wa magnetic pulse)
Yopangidwa ndi maginito okhazikika, cholumikizira cholumikizira, ndi diski ya chizindikiro yokhala ndi mano/mkombero.
Pamene crankshaft ikuzungulira, diski ya chizindikiro imasintha mphamvu ya maginito, zomwe zimapangitsa kusintha kwa mphamvu ya maginito, ndikupanga mphamvu ya electromotive yomwe imayambitsa kusinthana (signal ya sine wave) mu coil.
ECU imasintha chizindikiro ichi kukhala ma pulse ndipo imawerengera liwiro ndi malo.
Mwachitsanzo: Mitundu yoyambirira ya Nissan ndi Toyota idagwiritsa ntchito njira iyi, ndipo diski ya chizindikiro nthawi zambiri inali ndi mano osowa kuti igwirizanitse.
Mtundu wa zotsatira za Hall Chinthu cha Hall chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira kusintha kwa mphamvu ya maginito.
Impeller (yokhala ndi masamba ndi ma notches) imayatsidwa kuti izungulire ndi crankshaft. Pamene notch ikugwirizana ndi Hall element, mphamvu ya maginito imadutsa ndi kutulutsa pulse yapamwamba; pamene tsamba limatseka, mphamvu ya maginito imadutsa ndi kutulutsa mlingo wotsika.
Chotulutsacho ndi chizindikiro cha mafunde ozungulira, chomwe chimafuna magetsi akunja a 5V ndipo chili ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi kusokoneza.
Kuwala
Imapangidwa ndi gwero la kuwala kwa LED, photodiode, ndi diski ya chizindikiro yokhala ndi dzenje la kuwala.
Pamene diski ya chizindikiro ikuzungulira, dzenje la kuwala limalola kuwala kudutsa ndikutseka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti photodiode ipange mphamvu ya pulse.
Imatha kupanga chizindikiro cha ngodya ya 1° crankshaft yolondola kwambiri, koma imatha kuipitsidwa ndi mafuta ndi fumbi, ndipo imapezeka kwambiri m'nyumba zakale zogawa.
Zizindikiro za vuto wamba
Injini siingayambe kapena kuyamba movutikira
Mphamvu yosakwanira, kugwedezeka, kuima
Kuwala kwa cholakwika kumayatsa (monga P0335, P0336, ndi zina zotero, ma code olakwika okhudzana ndi masensa a malo a crankshaft)
Zomwe zimayambitsa: mawaya akale, masensa odetsedwa, malo osayenera (monga malo olowera magetsi a maginito ayenera kukhala 0.2–0.4mm)
Malo oyika
Kutsogolo kwa crankshaft (pafupi ndi pulley)
Nyumba yolumikizira mawilo kapena clutch
Kutsogolo kwa camshaft
Mkati mwa chogawa (mu mitundu yakale)
Mitundu yambiri yamakono imagwiritsa ntchito masensa amagetsi kapena a mtundu wa Hall, chifukwa kapangidwe kake ndi kodalirika komanso kosinthika. Mtundu wa kuwala sugwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'mainjini amakono chifukwa cha kusasamala kwake kwa chilengedwe.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Malingaliro a kampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa MG&MAXUSzida zamagalimoto zalandiridwa kugula.
