Kodi chogwirira cha galimoto chopangidwa ndi crankshaft chimapangidwa ndi chiyani?
Chogwirira cha crankshaft cha magalimoto (chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti crankshaft bearing kapena large bearing) ndi chikwama chotsetsereka chokhala ndi kapangidwe kophatikizana. Chimapangidwa makamaka ndi kumbuyo kwachitsulo ndi gawo lochepetsera kuwonongeka. Kapangidwe kameneka kamaphatikiza mphamvu ndi kukana kuwonongeka kuti kagwirizane ndi malo ogwirira ntchito a injini omwe ali ndi liwiro lapamwamba, kuthamanga kwambiri, komanso kutentha kwambiri.
Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimapangidwira
Chitsulo chakumbuyo: Kawirikawiri chimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chopanda mpweya wambiri kapena chitsulo chosakanikirana, chomwe chimapereka chithandizo cha kapangidwe kake komanso kulimba kwake.
Aloyi yochepetsa kuvala: Pokhudzana mwachindunji ndi crankshaft, imagwira ntchito yochepetsa kukangana, katundu wonyamula, komanso kutulutsa kutentha. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ndi iyi:
Babbitt alloy (yochokera ku tin kapena yochokera ku lead)
Makhalidwe: Kukana kuvala bwino komanso kusinthasintha bwino
Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu injini zamafuta zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa
Aloyi yochokera ku mkuwa (monga bronze wa lead, aloyi wa copper-lead)
Makhalidwe: Mphamvu kwambiri, kukana kuvala kwambiri, komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri
Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Koyenera injini za dizilo kapena injini zamafuta ambiri
Aluminiyamu yochokera ku aluminiyamu (yochokera ku aluminiyamu yasiliva wambiri kapena yasiliva yochepa)
Makhalidwe: Kulemera kopepuka, kutentha bwino, komanso kukana kuvala bwino
Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Pakadali pano ndi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mabearing a crankshaft a injini yoyaka mkati. Kufotokozera Kowonjezera
Ma alloy opangidwa ndi aluminiyamu akhala chisankho chachikulu chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito awo abwino kwambiri, makamaka oyenera injini zamakono zomwe zimathamanga kwambiri komanso zimagwira ntchito mosalekeza.
Zinthu zina zapamwamba zidzathandizidwanso monga kuyika tin plating ndi phosphating pamwamba pa alloy yomwe siitha kutha kuti zinthu ziyende bwino.
Ma crankshaft journals nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito awiriawiri (pamwamba ndi pansi), amaikidwa pakati pa crankshaft main journal ndi cylinder block, kudalira filimu yamafuta ya pafupifupi mamilimita 0.005 kuti akwaniritse mafuta amadzimadzi ndikuletsa chitsulo kukhudzana mwachindunji.
Kuti muwone zinthu zenizeni za majenerali a crankshaft a galimoto inayake, mutha kuwona buku lothandizira kukonza kapena kufunsa zambiri zogwirizana ndi Autohome Crankshaft Journal.
Mabuku a magalimoto otchedwa crankshaft ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injini iyende bwino. Ntchito zawo zazikulu zitha kufotokozedwa motere:
Thandizani ndikukonza crankshaft: Onetsetsani kuti crankshaft imasunga malo okhazikika a radial panthawi yozungulira mwachangu, kupewa kugwedezeka kapena kupotoka.
Pangani filimu yamafuta kuti mupaka mafuta amadzimadzi: Khazikitsani filimu yamafuta yopyapyala kwambiri (pafupifupi 0.005 millimeters) pakati pa crankshaft journal ndi journal, kusandutsa chitsulo cholunjika kukhala mafuta amadzimadzi, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kuwonongeka.
Chepetsani kukangana ndi kusowa: Kudzera mu kapangidwe ka manja kopangidwa ndi zinthu zosatha monga babbitt alloy ndi copper-lead alloy, zimachepetsa bwino kukana kukangana ndikuwonjezera nthawi ya injini.
Kutaya ndi kuziziritsa kutentha: Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta a injini kuti muchotse kutentha kogwira ntchito, kuti mabearing asawonongeke chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri.
Malo oimikapo ma axial (a mitundu ina): Ma flanged crankshaft journals amathanso kuchepetsa kuyenda kwa axial kwa crankshaft motsatira mzere, ndikutsimikizira malo enieni a magawo osuntha.
Ngati mafuta odzola ndi oipa, kusakaniza sikuli bwino, kapena mafuta a injini ali ndi zinthu zosafunika, zingayambitse kuphulika kwa filimu ya mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zolakwika zazikulu monga kutentha jenereta, kugwira shaft, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimaonekera ngati kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa mafuta, phokoso losazolowereka, ndi mphamvu yochepa. Chifukwa chake, kusintha mafuta a injini ndi zosefera nthawi zonse, komanso kusamalira galimotoyo motsatira malangizo, ndikofunikira kwambiri poteteza mabearing a crankshaft.
Kulephera kwa crankshaft bearing m'galimoto (komwe kumadziwika kuti "kutopa bearing" kapena "kuswa bearing") ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimawononga kwambiri injini. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta asamayende bwino, kutentha kwambiri, komanso kugwidwa pakati pa crankshaft journal ndi bearing. Pazochitika zoopsa, zimatha kuwononga injini.
Mawonetseredwe akuluakulu:
Phokoso losazolowereka: Injini imatulutsa phokoso losasangalatsa la "tang, tang" kapena "buzzing" lachitsulo, makamaka lomveka bwino ikathamanga.
Alamu ya kuthamanga kwa mafuta: Kuwala kosonyeza kuthamanga kwa mafuta pa dashboard kumaunikira, ndipo choyezera kuthamanga kwa mafuta chikuwonetsa kuwerenga kochepa.
Kutaya mphamvu: Mphamvu yotulutsa injini imachepa, ndipo liwiro limakhala lofooka.
Utsi wochuluka: Utsi wakuda ukhoza kutuluka.
Alamu yotenthetsa kwambiri: Kutentha kwa madzi kokwera kwambiri kapena kutentha kwa mafuta.
Kulephera kuyambitsa kapena kuyimitsa injini: Nthawi zina, crankshaft ndi bearing zimatenthedwa ndi kumamatirana, zomwe zimalepheretsa injini kuzungulira.
Zomwe zimayambitsa:
Mavuto a dongosolo la mafuta:
Kupanikizika kwa mafuta kosakwanira (kuwonongeka kwa pampu yamafuta, kulephera kwa ma valavu oletsa kuthamanga, kutuluka kwa mpweya m'dera la mafuta).
Kuchuluka kwa mafuta osakwanira kapena owonongeka (kusowa kwa nthawi yayitali kwa mafuta ena, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osakwanira).
Kusakaniza mafuta (choziziritsira chomwe chimalowa mu poto yamafuta, monga kulephera kwa mphete yotchinga madzi ya silinda).
Njira zotsekeka zamafuta (zodetsedwa, mpweya woipa, zitsulo zotchinga njira yaikulu yamafuta kapena mabowo amafuta a crankshaft).
Mavuto a kusonkhanitsa ndi kuchotsera:
Kuchuluka kapena kusakwanira kwa chiwongolero cha ma bearing (zomwe zimakhudza kupangika kwa filimu yamafuta).
Kusankha kapena kukhazikitsa kolakwika kwa maberiya.
Makhalidwe ndi njira zogwiritsira ntchito:
Kuyatsa injini pa liwiro lalikulu komanso pansi pa katundu wolemera nthawi yomweyo mutayimitsa kozizira.
Kuyendetsa galimoto mopitirira muyeso kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kuthamanga kwambiri.
Kuyimitsa injini nthawi yomweyo ikatentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti filimu ya mafuta iwonongeke.
Zolakwika pa kapangidwe kapena kupanga:
Kutsika kwa pamwamba ndi khalidwe loipa la crankshaft kapena bearing.
Kuzungulira kwa crankshaft journal kosatsimikizika, kusintha, ndi zina zotero.
Malangizo a chithandizo:
Imani galimoto nthawi yomweyo: Mukangoona zizindikiro zokayikitsa za kulephera kwa bearing (monga phokoso losazolowereka, alamu ya kuthamanga kwa mafuta), imani galimoto nthawi yomweyo ndipo musapitirize kuyendetsa. Izi ndichifukwa choti musawonongedwe kwambiri.
Kukonza akatswiri:
Sinthani chotengera chachikulu cha crankshaft (chotengera chachikulu) ndi cholumikizira ndodo (chotengera chaching'ono).
Yang'anani ngati crankshaft journal yakanda, yasungunuka, yakokedwa, kapena yasokonekera; ngati kuwonongeka kuli kwakukulu, ndikofunikira "kupukuta shaft" kapena kusintha crankshaft.
Tsukani njira yodutsa mafuta, sinthani pampu ya mafuta ndi fyuluta, ndikukonza malo otayikira mafuta mu makina ozizira.
Unikani ngati ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito:
Ngati ndi "kulephera kwa mabearing ang'onoang'ono", pambuyo pokonza mwaukadaulo ndikusinthira mabearing atsopano, angagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
Ngati crankshaft journal yawonongeka kwambiri, crankshaft yawonongeka kapena yasweka, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kusintha crankshaft. Sikoyenera kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lakale.
Njira zodzitetezera:
Yang'anani nthawi zonse ndikusintha mafuta ndi fyuluta zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zofunikira.
Musanayendetse galimoto, onetsetsani kuti mafuta ali mkati mwa mulingo woyenera (mulingo wapakati wa dipstick).
Pewani kugwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri kapena molemera nthawi yomweyo mutangoyamba kuzizira.
Yatsani injini mpaka kutentha kwa madzi kupitirira 40°C musanayambe nthawi yozizira.
Samalani ndi momwe mafuta alili: Ngati pali emulsification (mtundu woyera, thovu lochuluka), kuchepa kwa kukhuthala, kapena fungo la mafuta, konzani nthawi yomweyo.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Malingaliro a kampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa MG&MAXUSzida zamagalimoto zalandiridwa kugula.
