Fyuluta ya petulo.
Fyuluta ya mafuta ya fyuluta ya nthunzi yochepa. Fyuluta ya mafuta imagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mtundu wa carburetor ndi mtundu wa injection yamagetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito injini ya mafuta ya carburetor, fyuluta ya mafuta ili kumbali yolowera ya pampu yamafuta, kuthamanga kwa ntchito kumakhala kochepa, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito chipolopolo cha nayiloni, fyuluta ya mafuta ya injini yamagetsi ya injection ili kumbali yotumizira kunja ya pampu yamafuta, kuthamanga kwa ntchito kumakhala kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito chipolopolo chachitsulo. Chinthu chosefera cha fyuluta ya mafuta makamaka ndi pepala losefera, ndipo ntchito yayikulu ya fyuluta ya mafuta pogwiritsa ntchito nsalu ya nayiloni ndi zinthu za polima ndikusefera zonyansa mu mafuta. Ngati fyuluta ya mafuta ndi yodetsedwa kwambiri kapena yotsekeka. Pepala losefera mzere Fyuluta ya mafuta: fyuluta ya mafuta mu mtundu uwu wa fyuluta ya mafuta, pepala losefera lopindidwa ndi fyuluta ya pulasitiki kapena yachitsulo kumapeto onse awiri a kulumikizana, mafuta odetsedwa amalowa mu khoma lakunja la fyuluta kudzera m'mapepala osefera omwe asefedwa pakati, mafuta oyera amatuluka.
Ntchito yaikulu
Ntchito yaikulu ya fyuluta ya mafuta ndikusefa zinyalala mu mafuta. Ngati fyuluta ya mafuta ndi yodetsedwa kwambiri kapena yotsekedwa, ntchito yayikulu ndi iyi: pamene chitseko cha mafuta chikutsekedwa, mphamvu imachepa, kapena sikutha kudzuka, galimoto imakhala yovuta kuyiyambitsa, ndipo nthawi zina pamafunika kuyatsa kawiri kapena kasanu kuti igunde. Mainjini ambiri amakhala ndi fyuluta ya mafuta ya pepala yosachotsedwa kamodzi, nthawi yosinthira nthawi zambiri imakhala makilomita 10,000, ngati muwonjezera zinyalala zochepa za mafuta, makilomita 15000-20000 kuti musinthe imodzi si vuto. Fyuluta ili ndi chizindikiro cha muvi wa malo olowera mafuta ndi otulutsira, musayike chobwerera m'mbuyo mukasintha.
zotsatira
Poyerekeza ndi magalimoto a carburetor, ma EI amafunikira mafuta oyera chifukwa ngakhale zinyalala zazing'ono zimatha kuwononga zigawo zolondola mu dongosolo la EFI. Chifukwa chake, injector yamagetsi imafuna fyuluta yapadera ya petulo, yomwe imasefa zinyalala mu mafuta kuti zisalowe mu valavu yojambulira ndi valavu yoyambira yozizira. Fyuluta ya petulo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri mu dongosolo la EFI, fyuluta ya petulo yokhayo kapena yoposa mtundu wa petulo ndi yomwe ingapereke mafuta oyera omwe amafunikira ndi dongosolo la EFI, kuti injini igwire bwino ntchito, komanso kuti ipereke chitetezo chabwino kwambiri cha injini.
Mafuta ndi ofunikira kwambiri pa galimoto monga momwe chakudya chilili pa thupi la munthu. Popanda mafuta, galimoto singayende. Kuphatikiza apo, pankhani ya mafuta, ngati mafuta si abwino kwambiri ndipo zinyalala zomwe zili mu mafutawo ndi zambiri, zidzawononga nozzle yolowetsa mafuta, pampu yamafuta, mapaipi amafuta ndi zinthu zina mu injini, zomwe zimakhudza ntchito yanthawi zonse ya makina amafuta. Chifukwa chake, panthawiyi, ntchito ya fyuluta yamafuta imawonetsedwa bwino. Mwachidule, ntchito ya fyuluta yamafuta ndikusefa zinyalala zolimba monga iron oxide ndi fumbi lomwe lili mu mafuta kapena madzi, kumbali imodzi, zitha kuchepetsa mwayi woti nozzle itsekedwe ndi zinyalala, ndipo kumbali ina, zitha kutsimikiziranso mtundu wa mafuta omwe amalowa mumakina amafuta.
Mfundo yoyeretsa
Ntchito ya fyuluta ya mafuta ndikusefa chinyezi ndi zinyalala mu mafuta. Injini ikamagwira ntchito, mafuta amalowa mu chikho chokhazikika cha fyuluta kudzera mu chitoliro cholowera pansi pa mphamvu ya pampu ya mafuta. Pamene voliyumu ikukulirakulira panthawiyi, kuchuluka kwa madzi kumachepa, madzi ndi zinyalala zomwe zimakhala zolemera kuposa mafuta zimakhazikika pansi pa chikho, zinyalala zopepuka zimayendera limodzi ndi mafuta kupita ku fyuluta, ndipo mafuta oyera amalowa mkati mwa fyuluta kuchokera pa kabowo kakang'ono ka fyuluta, kenako amatuluka kudzera mu chubu.
Choseferachi chili ndi mitundu iwiri ya ceramic yokhala ndi mabowo ndi pepala. Choseferachi cha pepala chimapangidwa ndi pepala losefera lopangidwa ndi utomoni, lomwe limagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, mtengo wake ndi wosavuta kusintha, motero limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Fyuluta ya petulo imagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mtundu wa carburetor ndi mtundu wa injection yamagetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito injini ya petulo ya carburetor, fyuluta ya petulo ili kumbali yolowera pa pampu yamafuta, kuthamanga kwa ntchito ndi kochepa, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito chipolopolo cha nayiloni, fyuluta ya petulo ya injini yamagetsi ya injection ili kumbali yotumizira kunja pampu yamafuta, kuthamanga kwa ntchito kumakhala kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito chipolopolo chachitsulo. Fyuluta ya fyuluta ya petulo nthawi zambiri imakhala pepala losefera, ndipo nsalu ya nayiloni ndi zinthu za polima zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Makhalidwe aukadaulo
Mkati mwa fyuluta ya petulo, pepala losefera lopindidwa ndi malekezero awiri a fyuluta ya pulasitiki kapena yachitsulo zimalumikizidwa, ndipo mafuta odetsedwa amalowa pakati atasefedwa ndi khoma lakunja la fyuluta kudzera m'mapepala osefera, ndipo mafuta oyera amatuluka.
Mosiyana ndi fyuluta yamafuta yamtundu wa line, pepala lake losefera limazunguliridwa mozungulira chubu chapakati. Mafuta odetsedwa akalowa, amasefedwa mwachindunji kudzera mu pepala losefera. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tosayera timatsekeredwa mumzere wa pepala losefera. Kagwiridwe ka fyuluta yamafuta iyi ndi kabwino kwambiri, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto apakati ndi apamwamba.
mitundu
Pali mitundu iwiri makamaka: fyuluta ya petulo ya sea spiral fyuluta ndi fyuluta ya petulo ya line fyuluta.
Nthawi yosinthira
Nthawi yosinthira galimoto yomwe ikulangizidwa: makilomita 20,000 aliwonse a galimoto, kutengera momwe msewu ulili komanso mafuta a galimotoyo.
Kawirikawiri, makilomita 5000-8000 adzafunika kusintha mafyuluta atatuwa, komanso kuphatikiza ndi fumbi la msewu womwe mukuyendetsa.
makilomita
5000 Sinthani fyuluta ya mpweya (mungathenso kuipsereza ndi mfuti ya mpweya) Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta wamba, muyenera kusintha fyuluta ya mafuta ndi mafuta. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta abwino (oyenera 0-40), mutha kuwasintha makilomita 10,000 aliwonse.
15000 Sinthani fyuluta ya mpweya kuti muwone ngati mafuta otayira ndi mafuta oletsa kuzizira ali ndi vuto. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta wamba, sinthani fyuluta ya mafuta ndi mafuta.
Sinthani fyuluta ya mpweya Sinthani fyuluta ya mafuta Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta wamba, muyenera kusintha fyuluta ya mafuta ndi mafuta. Sinthani matayala akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo, ndipo fufuzani momwe matayala alili ndi mawilo anayi komanso kuwunika momwe matayala alili kuti musinthe ma brake pads (nthawi iliyonse ma brake pads akasinthidwa katatu, ma brake disc ayenera kusinthidwa)
25000 Sinthani fyuluta yoyeretsera mpweya ndi chotsukira mpweya Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta wamba, muyenera kusintha fyuluta ya mafuta ndi mafuta.
Kulinganiza kwa matayala kuti mulowe m'malo mwa mafuta a brake, mafuta owonjezera ndi mafuta otumizira. Sinthani pulagi ya spark (40000 ikhoza kusinthidwa, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mukweze pulagi ya spark, fakitale yoyambirira ndi nthawi zambiri) sinthani choletsa kuzizira
35000 Sinthani fyuluta ya mpweya Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta wamba, muyenera kusintha fyuluta ya mafuta ndi mafuta.
Sinthani fyuluta ya mpweya Sinthani matayala akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo a fyuluta ya petulo, ndipo chitani malo oimika mawilo anayi ndi kusinthasintha kwa matayala. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta wamba, muyenera kusintha fyuluta ya mafuta ndi mafuta. Yang'anani ndikusintha ma brake pads (nthawi iliyonse ma brake pads akasinthidwa katatu, brake disc iyenera kusinthidwa)
45000 Sinthani fyuluta ya mpweya kuti muwone ngati madzi ali okwanira. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta wamba, sinthani fyuluta ya mafuta ndi mafuta. Tsukani polowera
55000 Sinthani fyuluta ya mpweya Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta wamba, muyenera kusintha fyuluta ya mafuta ndi mafuta. Chongani chisindikizo cha pani ya mafuta a injini Chongani chisindikizo cha mafuta oyendetsera chiwongolero ngati chatayikira
Kutchuka kwa nzeru wamba
Injini ili ndi mitundu itatu ya zosefera mpweya, mafuta ndi mafuta, ndipo fyuluta yoziziritsira mpweya m'galimoto nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "zosefera zinayi". Iwo ali ndi udindo pa makina olowetsa injini, makina odzola mafuta, makina amafuta, ndi makina oziziritsira mpweya pakati.
Fyuluta yamafuta ili mu makina opaka mafuta a injini. Ntchito yake ndikusefa zinyalala zovulaza mu mafuta kuchokera mu poto yamafuta, ndikupatsa mafuta oyera mu crankshaft, ndodo yolumikizira, camshaft, supercharger, piston ring ndi mawiri ena osuntha, komanso mafuta oyera, omwe amagwira ntchito ngati mafuta odzola, kuziziritsa, kuyeretsa, kuti azitha kugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali. Ngakhale kuti fyuluta yamafuta imachotsedwa kudziko lakunja, zinyalala zomwe zili m'malo ozungulira zimakhala zovuta kulowa mu injini, koma mafutawo amakhalabe zinyalala.
Choyamba, zonyansa zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri
1) Chimodzi ndi tinthu tachitsulo tomwe timawonongeka pogwira ntchito kwa ziwalo za injini komanso fumbi ndi mchenga wochokera pakamwa podzaza mafuta mafuta akawonjezedwa.
2) Chinanso ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, zomwe ndi matope akuda, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala pa kutentha kwa mafuta panthawi yogwira ntchito ya injini. Zimawononga magwiridwe antchito a mafuta, zimafooketsa mafuta, ndipo zimamatira ku ziwalo zoyenda, zomwe zimawonjezera kukana. Mtundu wakale wa tinthu tachitsulo udzafulumizitsa crankshaft ya injini, camshaft ndi mitundu ina ya ma bearing ndipo gawo la pansi la mphete ya silinda ndi piston limawonongeka, zotsatira zake ndi izi: kusiyana kwa zigawo kumawonjezeka, kufunikira kwa mafuta kumawonjezeka, kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumatsika, ndipo kusiyana pakati pa silinda ndi mphete ya piston ndi kwakukulu, mafuta pamwamba pa mphete ya piston, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta aziyaka, kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndikupanga carbon deposits. Nthawi yomweyo, mafuta amatuluka mu poto yamafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta akhale ochepa komanso mafuta asagwire ntchito. Izi sizikugwirizana kwambiri ndi magwiridwe antchito a makina, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti utsi wakuda uchoke mu injini, kutsika kwakukulu kwa mphamvu, ndikukakamiza kukonzanso pasadakhale. (Filter yamafuta ndi yofanana ndi ntchito ya impso ya munthu).
Chachiwiri, malinga ndi malo enieni oyendetsera galimoto, tikukulimbikitsani kusintha fyuluta yamafuta kamodzi pa mtunda wa makilomita 5000-10000.
Fyuluta ya mpweya ndi chipangizo choyeretsera mpweya, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi chipolopolo ndi chinthu chosefera, ndipo chinthu choseferacho chimayikidwa mu chipolopolocho. Pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana zakunja mumlengalenga, monga fumbi, mchenga, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zingathandize kuti injini iwonongeke mofulumira, motero zimachepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito ya injini. Nthawi zina matayala amatha kunyamula miyala youluka, zomwe zingawononge kwambiri injini ikangolowa mu injini. Fyuluta ya mpweya imaletsa izi.
Pofuna kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya wolowa, chipinda chosungiramo mpweya nthawi zambiri chimakhala chachikulu, ndipo magalimoto ambiri othamanga amapanga gawo la chimango ngati chipinda chosungiramo mpweya kuti chiwonjezere kuchuluka kwake. Injini ikamayendetsa, mpweya wolowa umakhala wochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya ugwedezeke m'chipinda chosungiramo mpweya, ndipo ngati kusinthasintha kwa mpweya kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, nthawi zina kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa mpweya wolowa m'galimoto. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi ino idzawonjezeranso phokoso la mpweya wolowa. Pofuna kuletsa phokoso la mpweya wolowa, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wolowa m'galimoto kumatha kuwonjezeka, ndipo zina zimayikidwanso mu gawo kuti zichepetse kugwedezeka.
Chigawo chosefera cha fyuluta ya mpweya chimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: chinthu chowuma chosefera ndi chinthu chonyowa chosefera. Zipangizo zosefera zouma ndi pepala losefera kapena nsalu yosalukidwa. Pofuna kuwonjezera malo odutsa mpweya, chinthu chosefera chimakonzedwa kwambiri ndi makwinya ang'onoang'ono. Chigawo chosefera chikaipitsidwa pang'ono, chimatha kupukutidwa ndi mpweya wopanikizika, ndipo chigawo chosefera chikaipitsidwa kwambiri, pakati pake payenera kusinthidwa pakapita nthawi.
Chosefera chonyowa chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi polyurethane, zomwe ziyenera kudonthezedwa ndi mafuta ndikukanda ndi manja kuti zitenge zinthu zakunja mumlengalenga. Ngati choseferacho chadetsedwa, chitha kutsukidwa ndi mafuta oyeretsera, ndipo dothi lochuluka liyeneranso kusinthidwa ndi chosefera chatsopano.
Ngati chinthu chosefera chatsekedwa kwambiri, mphamvu ya mpweya imawonjezeka ndipo mphamvu ya injini imachepa. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya mpweya, chidzawonjezeranso kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amalowa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiŵerengero champhamvu kwambiri chisakanizike, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injini igwire ntchito molakwika, kuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, komanso kupanga mpweya wochuluka mosavuta. Nthawi zambiri muyenera kukhala ndi chizolowezi choyang'ana nthawi zambiri chinthu chosefera mpweya, malinga ndi malo enieni oyendetsera, ndikulimbikitsidwa kusintha fyuluta ya mpweya mukangoyenda makilomita 10,000-15,000.
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa zida zamagalimoto za MG&MAUXS zomwe zikulandiridwa kugula.
