Baluni kasupe.
Mawotchi otchipa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza chikwama chachikulu cha airbag (chimene chili pa chiwongolero) ndi thumba la airbag, lomwe kwenikweni ndi chidutswa cha waya. Chifukwa chachikulu mpweya thumba ayenera atembenuza ndi chiwongolero, (tingaganize ngati waya zomangira ndi utali wina, atakulungidwa pa chiwongolero kutsinde chiwongolero, pamene azungulira ndi gudumu chiwongolero, akhoza kusinthidwa kapena bala kwambiri mwamphamvu, koma ndi malire, kuonetsetsa kuti chiwongolero kumanzere kapena kumanja, chingwe cholumikizira sichiyenera kukoka chingwe cholumikizira). Onetsetsani kuti chiwongolerocho chikutembenukira kumbali kupita kumalo ochepera popanda kuchotsedwa. Mfundoyi pakuyika ndi chidwi chapadera, momwe mungathere kuti muwonetsetse kuti ili pakati.
Chiyambi cha malonda
Galimoto ikagwa, dongosolo la airbag ndi lothandiza kwambiri poteteza chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi okwera.
Pakalipano, airbag system nthawi zambiri imakhala imodzi mwama airbag a chiwongolero, kapena ma airbag awiri. Pamene galimoto okonzeka ndi airbags wapawiri ndi mpando pretensioner dongosolo pretensioner ngozi, mosasamala kanthu liwiro, ndi airbags ndi mpando lamba pretensioner ntchito pa nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa kuwononga airbags pa otsika-liwiro ngozi, amene kumawonjezera yokonza ndalama zambiri.
Makina a airbag amitundu iwiri, pakagwa ngozi, amatha kusankha okha kugwiritsa ntchito lamba wapampando kapena pretensioner lamba wapampando ndi airbag wapawiri nthawi yomweyo malinga ndi liwiro komanso mathamangitsidwe agalimoto. Mwanjira imeneyi, pakagwa ngozi pa liwiro lotsika, dongosololi limatha kugwiritsa ntchito malamba okha kuti ateteze chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi okwera, popanda kuwononga matumba a mpweya. Ngati liwiro ndi lalikulu kuposa 30km/h pa ngozi, lamba pampando ndi air bag kanthu pa nthawi yomweyo, pofuna kuteteza chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi wokwera.
Mfundo yogwira ntchito
Galimotoyo ikakhala pangozi, makina oyendetsa ma airbag amazindikira mphamvu yomwe ikukhudzidwa
(deceleration) imaposa mtengo wamtengo wapatali, makompyuta a airbag nthawi yomweyo amalumikiza chubu chophulika chamagetsi mu inflator, amayatsa sing'anga yoyatsira mu chubu chamagetsi, ndipo moto umayatsa ufa woyatsira ndi jenereta ya gasi, kutulutsa mpweya wambiri pa 0. Mkati mwa thumba lakuthwa la 03, thumba la mpweya lili, thumba lakuthwa la 03, thumba la mpweya, thumba lakuthwa. kupyolera mu chivundikiro chokongoletsera ng'oma pa chiwongolero kwa dalaivala ndi wokwerapo, kotero kuti dalaivala ndi mutu wapamtima ndi chifuwa amakanizidwa pa thumba la mpweya wodzaza mpweya, kusokoneza zotsatira za dalaivala ndi wokwerapo, ndiyeno amamasula mpweya mu thumba la mpweya.
Chikwama cha airbag chimatha kugawa mofanana mphamvu yamutu ndi pachifuwa, kuteteza thupi losalimba kuti lisagundane mwachindunji ndi thupi, kuchepetsa kwambiri mwayi wovulala. Ma airbags amateteza okwera pakachitika ngozi yakutsogolo, ngakhale lamba wapampando sunavalidwe, ma airbags oletsa kugunda akadali othandiza kuti achepetse kuvulala. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pakagundana kutsogolo ndi galimoto yokhala ndi zikwama za airbags, kuchuluka kwa kuvulala kwa okwera kumatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka 64%, ngakhale mu 80% ya omwe adakwerawo savala malamba. Kugundana kuchokera kumbali ndi mipando yakumbuyo kumadalirabe ntchito ya lamba wapampando.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa kuphulika kwa thumba la mpweya ndi pafupifupi ma decibel 130 okha, omwe ali mkati mwa thupi la munthu; 78% ya mpweya mu thumba la mpweya ndi nitrogen, yomwe imakhala yokhazikika komanso yopanda poizoni, yopanda vuto kwa thupi la munthu; Ufa wotulutsidwa pamene kuphulika ndi ufa wothira mafuta omwe amasunga thumba la mpweya mu chikhalidwe chopindika ndipo sichimamatira pamodzi, ndipo sichivulaza thupi la munthu.
Chilichonse ndi lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse, ndipo airbag ilinso ndi mbali yake yosatetezeka. Malinga ndi mawerengedwe, ngati galimoto ikuyenda pa 60km / h, zotsatira zadzidzidzi zidzapangitsa galimotoyo kuyimitsa mkati mwa masekondi 0.2, ndipo thumba la mpweya lidzatuluka pa liwiro la pafupifupi 300km / h, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala pafupifupi 180 kg, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kunyamula mutu, khosi ndi ziwalo zina za thupi la munthu. Choncho, ngati ngodya ndi mphamvu ya airbag tumphuka ndi zolakwika pang'ono, zingachititse "tsoka".
M'galimoto, masensa atatuwa amalowetsa nthawi zonse chidziwitso cha kusintha kwa liwiro kwa wolamulira wamagetsi, wolamulira wamagetsi amawerengera nthawi zonse, amasanthula, kuyerekezera ndi kuweruza, ndipo ali wokonzeka kupereka malangizo nthawi iliyonse. Pamene liwiro liri losakwana 30km / h, chojambula cha kutsogolo ndi chitetezo chake cholumikizidwa nthawi yomweyo chimalowetsa chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa wolamulira wamagetsi, ndikutumiza lamulo kuti liwononge detonator yamagetsi ya pretensioner lamba wa mpando, pamene chizindikiro chotumizidwa ndi sensa yapakati sichingapangitse wolamulira wamagetsi kutumiza lamulo kuti awononge detonator yamagetsi ya thumba la mpweya. Choncho, pakagundana kothamanga (kuchepa pang'ono), malinga ngati pre-tensioner imakoka lamba wapampando kumbuyo, ndizokwanira kuteteza dalaivala ndi wokwera kuti asagwere kutsogolo.
Pankhani ya kugunda kwachangu (kwakukulu kwambiri), sensor yakutsogolo ndi sensa yapakati nthawi imodzi imalowetsa chizindikiro cha kugunda kwa wolamulira wamagetsi, wowongolera zamagetsi amatulutsa malangizo pambuyo pa chigamulo chofulumira, ndipo amachotsa zida zamagetsi za kumanzere ndi kumanja koyerekeza ndi matumba awiri a mpweya nthawi yomweyo. Lamba wapampando akakokedwa mwamphamvu, matumba awiriwa amatsegulidwa nthawi imodzi kuti atenge mphamvu zomwe zimapangidwira ndi dalaivala ndi wokwera chifukwa cha kuchepetsa liwiro lalikulu, kuteteza chitetezo chawo.
Galimoto ikagundana ndi chinthu chokhazikika kutsogolo kwake, galimotoyo imayenda mofulumira kwambiri, imathamanga kwambiri, ndipo mphamvu yowonjezera imalandira mphamvu. Ngati mphamvu yokonzedweratu ya sensa yakutsogolo ndi sensa yapakati imagawanika kukhala malire apamwamba ndi otsika, ndiye kuti, kuthamanga kwachangu kwa sensa yakutsogolo kumakhala kochepa kuposa mtengo wotsika wa 30km / h, ndipo mtengo wokonzedweratu wa chitetezo cha chitetezo ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo, ndiye kuti wolamulira wamagetsi amangopangitsa kuti lamba wapampando awonongeke pamene galimoto ikuphwanyidwa. Ngati mtengo wokonzedweratu wa sensa yapakati ndi malire apamwamba, pamene galimoto ikugunda mofulumira kwambiri, kutsogolo kutsogolo, sensor yapakati ndi chitetezo chachitetezo nthawi imodzi imatulutsa chizindikiro cha kugunda kwa wolamulira wamagetsi, ndipo wolamulira wamagetsi amachotsa zida zonse zamagetsi, ndiye kuti lamba wapampando umasokonezeka ndipo thumba la mpweya limatsegulidwa.
Kuchokera kugundana, sensa imatumiza chizindikiro kwa wolamulira yemwe akuganiza kuti awononge detonator yamagetsi, pafupifupi 10ms nthawi. Pambuyo pophulika, jenereta ya gasi imapanga kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni, yomwe imayambitsa thumba la mpweya mwamsanga. Kuchokera kugundana mpaka kupangidwa kwa airbag, ndiyeno kumangirira lamba wapampando, ndondomeko yonseyi imatenga 30-35ms, kotero chitetezo cha airbag system ndi chabwino kwambiri.
Pamene airbag detonates, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mpweya kwaiye mu airbag, kuthamanga kwa airbag ukuwonjezeka, amene si abwino kuyamwa mphamvu mphamvu, kotero pali mabowo awiri kutulutsa mpweya kumbuyo kwa airbag kutulutsa kuthamanga, amene amathandiza kuteteza chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi wokwera.
Monga kasinthidwe wothandiza wa chitetezo chokhazikika cha thupi, anthu amalabadira kwambiri. Galimoto ndi zopinga zikagundana, zimatchedwa kugundana, wokhalamo ndi zida zagalimoto zimagundana, zomwe zimatchedwa kugundana kwachiwiri, thumba la mpweya pakugundana, kugunda kwachiwiri kusanatsegulidwe mwachangu kwa mpweya wodzaza mpweya, kotero kuti wokhalamo chifukwa cha inertia ndikusuntha "pamphepo yam'mlengalenga" kuti achepetse kuvulala, kuchepetsa mphamvu yowononga mphamvu, kuchepetsa mphamvu yowononga mphamvu. wokhalamo.
Airbags yapangidwa mofulumira m'zaka zaposachedwa, mtengo watsika kwambiri, ndipo galimoto yokhala ndi airbags yapangidwanso kuchokera ku magalimoto apakati ndi akuluakulu mpaka magalimoto apakati ndi otsika. Nthawi yomweyo, magalimoto ena ali ndi airbags okwera kutsogolo (ndiko kuti, wapawiri airbag specifications), ndi airbags okwera ndi ofanana ndi ntchito madalaivala, koma voliyumu thumba mpweya ndi lalikulu ndi mpweya chofunika kwambiri. Kuyambira m'ma 1990, chitetezo cha airbag chakhala chikuvomerezedwa, ndipo chimatengedwa ngati chipangizo chamakono komanso chapamwamba kwambiri. Kumvetsetsa mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya airbag ndi zinthu zomwe zimafunikira chisamaliro ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti tidzitetezere bwino, koma kwa dalaivala, kuyendetsa bwino ndikoyamba, komwe palibe chipangizo chapamwamba chachitetezo chomwe chingasinthidwe.
Kasupe wa thumba la mpweya wagalimoto wasweka, padzakhala cholakwika?
adzatero
Chikwama cha air bag hairspring chasweka, pali vuto.
Pamene kasupe wa thumba la mpweya wa galimotoyo akulephera, dongosolo la chitetezo cha galimoto lidzazindikira zovutazo ndikuwonetsa malo enieni a vutolo poika nambala yolakwika. Zizindikiro zolakwikazi zitha kuthandiza ogwira ntchito yokonza kuti apeze vutolo mwachangu komanso molondola, kuti athe kukonza moyenera. Mwachitsanzo, wosweka mpweya thumba kasupe akhoza lipoti angapo zolakwika zizindikiro, kuphatikizapo koma osati malire C0506 - Driver Side Airbag Control Module (NSCM) kulephera, U0101 - Airbag System (SRS) kulephera, B1001 - Driver Side Airbag (D-SRS) kulephera, etc.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonongeka kwa kasupe wa thumba la mpweya kumatha kuwonetsedwanso ngati kuwala kwa thumba la mpweya, lipenga silimamveka, komanso kulephera kwa batani la gudumu lamitundu yambiri. Choncho, ngati galimoto ili ndi zizindikiro izi, dalaivala ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi yake kuti adziwe ngati kasupe wa air bag ayenera kusinthidwa.
Pokonza, ndi njira yodziwika bwino yowerengera zolakwika pogwiritsa ntchito chida chodziwira zolakwika. Mwanjira iyi, zitha kudziwidwa ngati kasupe wa thumba la mpweya wawonongeka. Mwachitsanzo, potulutsa kasupe wa thumba la mpweya ndikugwiritsa ntchito 2 mpaka 3 ohm resistor kuti mutenge kasupe wa thumba la mpweya, ndikuwerenganso zolakwika, ngati cholakwikacho chitayika, kasupe wa thumba la mpweya akhoza kuwonongeka.
Mwachidule, chikwama cha air bag hairspring chidzakhaladi ndi cholakwika, chomwe ndi njira yodzitchinjiriza yachitetezo chagalimoto, yopangidwira kukumbutsa oyendetsa ndi ogwira ntchito yokonza kuti azikonza munthawi yake.
Chonde tiyimbireni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa zida zamagalimoto za MG&MAUXS zolandiridwa kuti mugule.
