Baluni kasupe.
Mawotchi otchipa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza chikwama chachikulu cha airbag (chimene chili pa chiwongolero) ndi thumba la airbag, lomwe kwenikweni ndi chidutswa cha waya. Chifukwa thumba lalikulu la mpweya liyenera kuzungulira ndi chiwongolero, (lingathe kuganiziridwa ngati chingwe cha waya chokhala ndi utali wina, wokutidwa ndi chiwongolero cha chiwongolero, pozungulira ndi chiwongolero, chikhoza kusinthidwa kapena kuvulaza mwamphamvu kwambiri; koma ilinso ndi malire, kuonetsetsa kuti chiwongolero kumanzere kapena kumanja, chingwe cha waya sichikhoza kuchotsedwa), kotero chingwe cholumikizira chiyenera kusiya malire. Onetsetsani kuti chiwongolerocho chikutembenukira kumbali kupita kumalo ochepera popanda kuchotsedwa. Mfundoyi pakuyika ndi chidwi chapadera, momwe mungathere kuti muwonetsetse kuti ili pakati.
Chiyambi cha malonda
Galimoto ikagwa, dongosolo la airbag ndi lothandiza kwambiri poteteza chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi okwera.
Pakalipano, airbag system nthawi zambiri imakhala imodzi mwama airbag a chiwongolero, kapena ma airbag awiri. Galimoto yokhala ndi ma airbags apawiri ndi lamba wapampando pretensioner system ikugwa, mosasamala kanthu za liwiro, ma airbags ndi lamba wapampando amagwira ntchito nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa ma airbags panthawi ya ngozi zotsika, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo wokonza. .
Makina a airbag amitundu iwiri, pakagwa ngozi, amatha kusankha okha kugwiritsa ntchito lamba wapampando kapena pretensioner lamba wapampando ndi airbag wapawiri nthawi yomweyo malinga ndi liwiro komanso mathamangitsidwe agalimoto. Mwanjira imeneyi, pakagwa ngozi pa liwiro lotsika, dongosololi limatha kugwiritsa ntchito malamba okha kuti ateteze chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi okwera, popanda kuwononga matumba a mpweya. Ngati liwiro ndi lalikulu kuposa 30km/h pa ngozi, lamba pampando ndi air bag kanthu pa nthawi yomweyo, pofuna kuteteza chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi wokwera.
Mfundo yogwira ntchito
Galimotoyo ikakhala pangozi, makina oyendetsa ma airbag amazindikira mphamvu yomwe ikukhudzidwa
(kutsika) kumaposa mtengo wokhazikitsidwa, kompyuta ya airbag nthawi yomweyo imalumikiza chubu chamagetsi chophulika mu inflator, imayatsa sing'anga yoyatsira mu chubu chophulika chamagetsi, ndipo lawi lamoto limayatsa ufa woyatsira ndi jenereta, kutulutsa mpweya wambiri. pa 0. M'kati mwa masekondi 03, thumba la mpweya limatenthedwa, thumba la mpweya limakula kwambiri, limasweka. kupyolera mu ng'oma yokongoletsera yophimba pa chiwongolero kwa dalaivala ndi wokwerapo, kotero kuti mutu wa dalaivala ndi wokwerapo ndi pachifuwa zimapanikizidwa pa thumba la mpweya wodzaza mpweya, kulepheretsa kukhudzidwa kwa dalaivala ndi wokwerapo, ndiyeno amamasula mpweya mu mpweya. thumba la mpweya.
Chikwama cha airbag chimatha kugawa mofanana mphamvu yamutu ndi pachifuwa, kuteteza thupi losalimba kuti lisagundane mwachindunji ndi thupi, kuchepetsa kwambiri mwayi wovulala. Ma airbags amateteza okwera pakachitika ngozi yakutsogolo, ngakhale lamba wapampando sunavalidwe, ma airbags oletsa kugunda akadali othandiza kuti achepetse kuvulala. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, pakagundana kutsogolo ndi galimoto yokhala ndi zikwama za airbags, kuchuluka kwa kuvulala kwa okwera kumatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka 64%, ngakhale mu 80% ya omwe adakwerawo savala malamba. Kugundana kuchokera kumbali ndi mipando yakumbuyo kumadalirabe ntchito ya lamba wapampando.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa kuphulika kwa thumba la mpweya ndi pafupifupi ma decibel 130 okha, omwe ali mkati mwa thupi la munthu; 78% ya mpweya mu thumba la mpweya ndi nitrogen, yomwe imakhala yokhazikika komanso yopanda poizoni, yopanda vuto kwa thupi la munthu; Ufa wotulutsidwa pamene kuphulika ndi ufa wothira mafuta omwe amasunga thumba la mpweya mu chikhalidwe chopindika ndipo sichimamatira pamodzi, ndipo sichivulaza thupi la munthu.
Chilichonse ndi lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse, ndipo airbag ilinso ndi mbali yake yosatetezeka. Malinga ndi kuwerengera, ngati galimoto ikuyenda pa 60km / h, kuwonongeka kwadzidzidzi kumapangitsa kuti galimotoyo iime mkati mwa masekondi 0.2, ndipo thumba la mpweya lidzatuluka pa liwiro la 300km / h, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala pafupifupi 180. kg, yomwe imakhala yovuta kunyamula mutu, khosi ndi ziwalo zina za thupi la munthu. Choncho, ngati ngodya ndi mphamvu ya airbag tumphuka ndi zolakwika pang'ono, zingachititse "tsoka".
M'galimoto, masensa atatuwa amalowetsa nthawi zonse chidziwitso cha kusintha kwa liwiro kwa wolamulira wamagetsi, wolamulira wamagetsi amawerengera nthawi zonse, amasanthula, kuyerekezera ndi kuweruza, ndipo ali wokonzeka kupereka malangizo nthawi iliyonse. Liwiro likakhala lochepera 30km / h, sensor yakutsogolo ndi sensa yake yolumikizidwa yotetezedwa nthawi imodzi imalowetsa chizindikiro cha kuwonongeka kwa wowongolera zamagetsi, ndikutumiza lamulo kuti liphulitse choboola chamagetsi cha pretensioner lamba, pomwe chizindikirocho chimatumizidwa ndi chapakati. sensa sangathe kupanga wolamulira wamagetsi kutumiza lamulo kuti awononge detonator yamagetsi ya thumba la mpweya. Choncho, pakagundana kothamanga (kuchepa pang'ono), malinga ngati pre-tensioner imakoka lamba wapampando kumbuyo, ndizokwanira kuteteza dalaivala ndi wokwera kuti asagwere kutsogolo.
Pankhani ya kugunda kwa liwiro lalikulu (large deceleration), sensor yakutsogolo ndi sensor yapakati nthawi imodzi imalowetsa chizindikiro cha kugunda kwa wowongolera zamagetsi, wowongolera zamagetsi amatulutsa malangizo pambuyo poweruza mwachangu, ndikuphulitsa ma detonators amagetsi kumanzere ndi kumanzere. zodzinamizira kumanja ndi awiri mpweya matumba pa nthawi yomweyo. Lamba wapampando akakokedwa mwamphamvu, matumba awiriwa amatsegulidwa nthawi imodzi kuti atenge mphamvu zomwe zimapangidwira ndi dalaivala ndi wokwera chifukwa cha kuchepetsa liwiro lalikulu, kuteteza chitetezo chawo.
Galimoto ikagundana ndi chinthu chokhazikika kutsogolo kwake, galimotoyo imayenda mofulumira kwambiri, imathamanga kwambiri, ndipo mphamvu yowonjezera imalandira mphamvu. Ngati mphamvu yokonzedweratu ya sensa yakutsogolo ndi sensa yapakati imagawanika kukhala malire apamwamba ndi otsika, ndiye kuti, liwiro lodziwikiratu la sensa yakutsogolo ndilocheperapo kusiyana ndi mtengo wotsika wa 30km / h, ndi mtengo wokonzedweratu. Sensa yachitetezo imakhalanso yotsika mtengo, ndiye kuti wowongolera zamagetsi amangopangitsa kuti lamba wapampando aziphulika pamene galimoto ikugunda pa liwiro lotsika. Ngati mtengo wokonzedweratu wa sensa yapakati ndi malire apamwamba, pamene galimoto ikugunda pa liwiro lalikulu, sensa yakutsogolo, sensor yapakati ndi chitetezo chachitetezo nthawi imodzi imatulutsa chizindikiro cha kugunda kwa wolamulira wamagetsi, ndipo wolamulira wamagetsi amawombera magetsi onse. ma detonator, ndiye lamba wapampando amasefukira ndipo thumba la mpweya limatsegulidwa.
Kuchokera kugundana, sensa imatumiza chizindikiro kwa wolamulira yemwe akuganiza kuti awononge detonator yamagetsi, pafupifupi 10ms nthawi. Pambuyo pophulika, jenereta ya gasi imapanga kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni, yomwe imayambitsa thumba la mpweya mwamsanga. Kuchokera kugundana mpaka kupangidwa kwa airbag, ndiyeno kumangirira lamba wapampando, ndondomeko yonseyi imatenga 30-35ms, kotero chitetezo cha airbag system ndi chabwino kwambiri.
Chikwama cha airbag chikaphulika, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mpweya wopangidwa mu airbag, kupanikizika kwa thumba la airbag kumawonjezeka, zomwe sizingathandize kuyamwa mphamvu zowonongeka, choncho pali mabowo awiri otulutsa mpweya kumbuyo kwa airbag kuti atulutse pressure, yomwe imathandizira kuteteza chitetezo cha dalaivala ndi okwera.
Monga kasinthidwe wothandiza wa chitetezo chokhazikika cha thupi, anthu amalabadira kwambiri. Galimotoyo ndi zopinga zikawombana, zimatchedwa kugundana, wokhalamo ndi zigawo za galimoto zimagundana, zomwe zimatchedwa kugundana kwachiwiri, thumba la mpweya likugundana, kugunda kwachiwiri kusanatsegulidwe mofulumira kwa mpweya wodzaza mpweya wodzaza mpweya. kuti wokhalamo chifukwa cha inertia ndikusuntha "pamphepo yam'mlengalenga" kuti achepetse kukhudzidwa kwa wokhalamo ndikuyamwa mphamvu, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuvulala kwa wokhalamo.
Airbags yapangidwa mofulumira m'zaka zaposachedwa, mtengo watsika kwambiri, ndipo galimoto yokhala ndi airbags yapangidwanso kuchokera ku magalimoto apakati ndi akuluakulu mpaka magalimoto apakati ndi otsika. Nthawi yomweyo, magalimoto ena ali ndi ma airbags okwera kutsogolo (ndiko kuti, ma airbag apawiri), ndipo ma airbags okwera ndi ofanana ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madalaivala, koma kuchuluka kwa thumba la mpweya ndikokulirapo komanso mpweya wofunikira Zambiri. Kuyambira m'ma 1990, chitetezo cha airbag chakhala chikuvomerezedwa, ndipo chimatengedwa ngati chipangizo chamakono komanso chapamwamba kwambiri. Kumvetsetsa mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya airbag ndi zinthu zomwe zimafunikira chisamaliro ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti tidzitetezere bwino, koma kwa dalaivala, kuyendetsa bwino ndikoyamba, komwe palibe chipangizo chapamwamba chachitetezo chomwe chingasinthidwe.
Kasupe wa thumba la mpweya wagalimoto wasweka, padzakhala cholakwika?
adzatero
Chikwama cha air bag hairspring chasweka, pali vuto.
Pamene kasupe wa thumba la mpweya wa galimotoyo akulephera, dongosolo la chitetezo cha galimoto lidzazindikira zovutazo ndikuwonetsa malo enieni a vutolo poika nambala yolakwika. Zizindikiro zolakwikazi zitha kuthandiza ogwira ntchito yokonza kuti apeze vutolo mwachangu komanso molondola, kuti athe kukonza moyenera. Mwachitsanzo, kasupe wa thumba la mpweya wosweka akhoza kufotokoza zolakwika zambiri, kuphatikizapo C0506 - Driver Side Airbag Control Module (NSCM) kulephera, U0101 - Airbag System (SRS) kulephera, B1001 - Driver Side Airbag (D-SRS) kulephera, etc.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonongeka kwa kasupe wa thumba la mpweya kumatha kuwonetsedwanso ngati kuwala kwa thumba la mpweya, lipenga silimamveka, komanso kulephera kwa batani la gudumu lamitundu yambiri. Choncho, ngati galimoto ili ndi zizindikiro izi, dalaivala ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi yake kuti adziwe ngati kasupe wa air bag ayenera kusinthidwa.
Pokonza, ndi njira yodziwika bwino yowerengera zolakwika pogwiritsa ntchito chida chodziwira zolakwika. Mwanjira iyi, zitha kudziwidwa ngati kasupe wa thumba la mpweya wawonongeka. Mwachitsanzo, potulutsa kasupe wa thumba la mpweya ndikugwiritsa ntchito 2 mpaka 3 ohm resistor kuti mutenge kasupe wa thumba la mpweya, ndikuwerenganso zolakwika, ngati cholakwikacho chitayika, kasupe wa thumba la mpweya akhoza kuwonongeka.
Mwachidule, chikwama cha air bag hairspring chidzakhaladi ndi cholakwika, chomwe ndi njira yodzitchinjiriza yachitetezo chagalimoto, yopangidwira kukumbutsa oyendetsa ndi ogwira ntchito yokonza kuti azikonza munthawi yake.
Chonde tiyimbireni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa zida zamagalimoto za MG&MAUXS zolandiridwa kuti mugule.
