Kodi chitoliro cha mbalame zam'madzi ndi chiani chofiyira?
Chitoliro chanyumba chanyumba chagalimoto ndi gawo la dongosolo lamkaka yamkati, ntchito yake yayikulu ndikukhazikitsanso mpweya wotuluka mu chakudya chomwe chimachitika. Injiniyo ikamayenda, mipweya ina imalowa mu mphete ya piston, ndipo ngati mpweyawo umachotsedwa mwachindunji mumlengalenga, adzaipitsa chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, mainjiniya adapangira njira zolimbikitsira mpweya wabwino, mpweya wamagazi umayang'aniridwanso mu chakudya chofewa, chosakanizidwa chatsopano mu chipinda cha oyaka chodzaza, zonse mogwirizana ndi kutetezedwa kwa chilengedwe.
Dongosolo la Clankse mpweya limaphatikizaponso chinthu chofunikira kwambiri - mafuta ndi olekanitsa mafuta otulutsa mafuta kuchokera ku cylinder mkaka woyaka ndikuchepetsa kaboni kaboti. Ngati olekanitsa mafuta ndi gasi ndi olakwika, amatha kuyambitsa injini kuti awotche mafuta, omwe angakhudze ntchito wamba ya njira zitatu za catalytic.
Ntchito yayikulu pakudya pa chipolopolo cha mpweya wagalimoto ndikusefa mlengalenga kulowa mu injini ndikuteteza injini ku mphamvu ya fumbi ndi zodetsa. Sikutiyi yam'madzi, imadziwikanso kuti mpweya wa mpweya, imayikidwa patsogolo pa carburetor kapena pakudya. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusefa fumbi, mchenga ndi zodetsa zina mlengalenga kuti muwonetsetse kuti mpweya ukulowa mu silinda ndi woyera.
Kuphatikiza apo, chitoliro cha mpweya wosenda chimalumikizidwa ndi dongosolo lamkaka yamkaka. Mapaipi a Cranksac Tripes Mapaipi otulutsa kuchokera ku cronkser kubwerera ku Intukes mumitundu yopukutira kuti muchepetse kuipitsa ndikusunga zokhazikika zokhazikika. Olekanitsa mafuta ndi gasi m'dongosolo lino amalekanitsa mpweya wamafuta kuti asateteze mafuta kuti asayake mafuta, ndikupewa kuchuluka kwa mafuta owotcherera ndi kaboni.
Kutulutsa kwa mpweya kwa chitoliro cha chigoba chagalimoto cham'madzi chomwe chidzachitika ndi zovuta zambiri pamagalimoto. Choyamba, kutulutsa kwa mpweya kumatha kuyambitsa kuchepa kwa injini, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mpweya kumachepetsedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumachepetsedwa, ndipo mphamvu ya injini imachepetsedwa. Kachiwiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa osakaniza kudzachuluka, kuyaka sikokwanira, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta sikuchuluka. Kuphatikiza apo, zotumphukira zimakula, ndipo zosakwanira kuyanjana zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu zochulukitsa zikhale zowonjezera, ma hydrocarbons ndi ena oyipitsa, kuipitsa chilengedwe. Pomaliza, ntchito ya injiniyo si yokhazikika, pakhoza kukhala zokhazikika, kuchititsa kusakhazikika ndi zochitika zina, ndipo inafupikitsa moyo wa mbali zina.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kuyika kwa mpweya mu chitoliro chanyumba chagalimoto cham'madzi chitha kuphatikizapo:
Kukalamba & kuvala: Popita nthawi, zinthu za munthu wakudya zitha zaka, zimayambitsa ming'alu ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono.
Kukhazikitsa kosayenera: Kusindikiza kosawoneka bwino kumatha kukhala ngati chitoliro cha kudya sichimayikidwa bwino pa ntchito kapena m'malo mwake.
Kuvulala kwakunja: Kuthandizana ndi miyala kapena zinyalala pamsewu kumatha kuwononga chitoliro cha kudya.
Kulephera kwakuthupi: Popanga, gawo la kudya lomwe akudya akhoza kukhala ndi zolakwika zakuthupi kapena zovuta.
Njira yothetsera vuto la kutaya kwa mpweya mu chitoliro cha mpweya wagalimoto:
Yang'anani ndikusintha: Onani mawonekedwe a omwe ali pamwambo panthawiyo. Ngati zapezeka zowonongeka kapena ukalamba, kukonza kapena kusintha nthawi.
Kukhazikitsa Kolondola: Mukasinthanitsa kapena kukonza chitoliro cha kudya, onetsetsani kukhazikitsa koyenera kuti musasindikize bwino.
Kukonza pafupipafupi: Chongani ndikusungabe mankhwala nthawi zonse kuti muchepetse kutaya kwa mpweya chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mpweya wakunja ndi zolakwika zakuthupi.
Kuwonongeka kwa chitoliro chanyumba chagalimoto chagalimoto chomwe chingayambitse mavuto osiyanasiyana. Choyamba, chitoliro chosweka chimapangitsa injini kuti iyake mu mpweya wosavomerezeka, womwe umawonjezera kuvala kwa injini chifukwa zosafunikira mlengalenga zimayamwa mkati mwa injini. Chachiwiri, chitoliro chosweka chingapangitse kugwedezeka mgalimoto, kuchepa mphamvu kwa injini, kuchepa mphamvu yamafuta, kapena ngakhale chizindikiro cholakwika chomwe chikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa kukonza komwe kumapangitsa kuti pakukonza mwachangu. Kuphatikiza apo, kutumphuka masitima kumatsogoleranso injini kumayambitsa zovuta, chifukwa kuchuluka kosakhazikika kumabweretsa zosakaniza zowonda kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza kuyanjana.
Masitepe ndi njira zokonza kapena kusintha chitoliro cha chakudya chikuphatikiza:
Chongani malo owonongeka: Choyamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa malo owonongeka a kudya. Ngati ndikupuma kosavuta, mutha kuligawira, koma iyi ndi yankho lakanthawi kwakanthawi, ndipo liyenera kusinthidwa popita nthawi yayitali.
M'malo kapena kukonza: Ngati kuwonongeka kuli kofunikira, tikulimbikitsidwa m'malo mwatsopano. Mutha kuyendera shopu yokhazikika yosinthira m'malo mwake, onetsetsani kuti mwagwiritsa ntchito gawo loyambirira kuti muwonetsetse kuti ndi ntchito.
Chongani zosefera za mpweya: Panthawi yokonza, mkhalidwe wa state uyeneranso kuyesedwa. Ngati zosefera zimapezeka kuti ndizonyansa ndipo zotsekedwa, zimafunikira kusungidwa kapena kusinthidwa kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti injiniyo ichitike.
Njira zodzitetezera zimaphatikizapo kuyendera ndikusamalira matope a chakudya ndi mpweya, kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali pansi pa kutentha kwambiri, komanso kusankha kwa mpweya wambiri kuti apambane.
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