Kugawa kwazinthu ndi kugawa ngodya yazinthu
Poganizira za kupanga zinthu zonyowa, zonyowa zonyowa makamaka zimaphatikizapo zonyowa zonyowa zamadzimadzi ndi zampweya, komanso zonyowa zonyowa zosinthasintha.
Mtundu wa hayidiroliki
Chotsukira cha hydraulic shock absorber chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu automobile suspension system. Mfundo yake ndi yakuti pamene chimango ndi axle zikuyenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo ndipo pistoni ikuyenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo mu silinda ya shock absorber, mafuta omwe ali mu shock absorber housing adzayenda mobwerezabwereza kuchokera mkati mwa dzenje kudzera m'mabowo ena opapatiza kupita ku dzenje lina lamkati. Panthawiyi, kukangana pakati pa madzi ndi khoma lamkati ndi kukangana kwamkati kwa mamolekyu amadzimadzi kumapanga mphamvu yochepetsera kugwedezeka.
Yopumira mpweya
Chopopera mpweya chopopera mpweya ndi mtundu watsopano wa chopopera mpweya chomwe chapangidwa kuyambira m'ma 1960. Chitsanzo cha utility chimadziwika kuti pisitoni yoyandama imayikidwa pansi pa mbiya ya silinda, ndipo chipinda chotsekedwa cha mpweya chopangidwa ndi pisitoni yoyandama ndipo mbali imodzi ya mbiya ya silinda imadzazidwa ndi nayitrogeni wopanikizika kwambiri. Mphete yayikulu ya O imayikidwa pa pistoni yoyandama, yomwe imalekanitsa kwathunthu mafuta ndi gasi. Pistoni yogwira ntchito ili ndi valavu yokakamiza ndi valavu yowonjezera yomwe imasintha dera lopingasa la ngalande ndi liwiro lake loyenda. Gudumu likadumphira mmwamba ndi pansi, pisitoni yogwira ntchito ya chopopera mpweya imayenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo mumadzimadzi a mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa mafuta pakati pa chipinda chapamwamba ndi chipinda chapansi cha pistoni yogwira ntchito, ndipo mafuta okakamiza amatsegula valavu yokakamiza ndi valavu yowonjezera ndikuyenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo. Pamene valavu imapanga mphamvu yayikulu yonyowa mafuta okakamiza, kugwedezeka kumachepa.
Kugawa ngodya ya kapangidwe kake
Kapangidwe ka chotenthetsera madzi ndi kakuti ndodo ya pistoni yokhala ndi pistoni imayikidwa mu silinda ndipo silindayo imadzazidwa ndi mafuta. Pistoni ili ndi malo otseguka kotero kuti mafuta omwe ali m'magawo awiri a malo olekanitsidwa ndi pistoni amatha kuthandizana. Kupopera madzi kumachitika pamene mafuta okhuthala akudutsa mu malo otseguka. Malo otseguka akachepa, mphamvu yopopera madzi imakula, mafuta amakhuthala kwambiri ndipo mphamvu yopopera madzi imakula. Ngati kukula kwa malo otseguka sikunasinthe, pamene chotenthetsera madzi chikugwira ntchito mwachangu, kupopera madzi mopitirira muyeso kumakhudza kuyamwa kwa mphamvu. Chifukwa chake, valavu yooneka ngati diski imayikidwa pamalo otulukira malo otseguka. Pamene kuthamanga kukukwera, valavu imatsegulidwa, kutsegula kwa malo otseguka kumawonjezeka ndipo kupopera madzi kumachepa. Chifukwa pistoni imayenda mbali ziwiri, mavalavu opopera madzi amaikidwa mbali zonse ziwiri za pistoni, zomwe zimatchedwa valavu yokakamiza ndi valavu yowonjezera motsatana.
Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, chopopera cha shock absorber chimagawidwa m'zigawo ziwiri: silinda imodzi ndi silinda ziwiri. Chingagawidwenso m'zigawo izi: Silinda imodzi yokha yopopera mpweya; 2. Silinda iwiri yopopera mpweya; 3. Silinda imodzi yopopera mpweya.
Mbiya iwiri
Zimatanthauza kuti choyatsira moto chili ndi masilinda awiri amkati ndi akunja, ndipo pisitoni imayenda mu silinda yamkati. Chifukwa cha kulowa ndi kutulutsa kwa ndodo ya pisitoni, kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu silinda yamkati kumawonjezeka ndikuchepa. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu silinda yamkati kuyenera kusungidwa posinthana ndi silinda yakunja. Chifukwa chake, payenera kukhala ma valve anayi mu silinda yawiri yoyatsira moto, ndiko kuti, kuwonjezera pa ma valve awiri opopera pa pistoni yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa, palinso ma valve oyenda ndi ma valve olipira omwe amayikidwa pakati pa masilinda amkati ndi akunja kuti amalize ntchito yosinthana.
Mtundu wa mbiya imodzi
Poyerekeza ndi chopopera cha silinda ziwiri, chopopera cha silinda imodzi chimakhala ndi kapangidwe kosavuta ndipo chimachepetsa dongosolo la ma valve. Pistoni yoyandama imayikidwa pansi pa mbiya ya silinda (chomwe chimatchedwa kuyandama chimatanthauza kuti palibe ndodo ya pistoni yowongolera kayendedwe kake). Chipinda chotsekedwa cha mpweya chimapangidwa pansi pa pistoni yoyandama ndikudzazidwa ndi nayitrogeni wopanikizika kwambiri. Kusintha kwa madzi komwe kwatchulidwa pamwambapa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mafuta omwe amalowa ndi kutuluka mu ndodo ya pistoni kumasinthidwa zokha ndi kuyandama kwa pistoni yoyandama. Kupatula pamwambapa.
