Kugawika kwazinthu ndi magawo azinthu
Kuchokera pamalingaliro opangira zida zonyowa, zotsekemera zowopsa makamaka zimaphatikizapo ma hydraulic ndi pneumatic shock absorbers, komanso ma variable damping shock absorbers.
Mtundu wa Hydraulic
Hydraulic shock absorber imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina oyimitsa magalimoto. Mfundo yake ndi yakuti pamene chimango ndi ekseli zimayenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo ndipo pisitoni imayenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo mu mbiya ya silinda ya chotsitsa chododometsa, mafuta omwe ali m'nyumba yotsekemera amatuluka mobwerezabwereza kuchokera mkati mwa mkati kudzera m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono kulowa mkati mwake. pakamwa. Panthawi imeneyi, kukangana pakati pa madzi ndi khoma lamkati ndi kukangana kwamkati kwa mamolekyu amadzimadzi kumapanga mphamvu yochepetsera kugwedezeka.
Zopanda mpweya
Inflatable shock absorber ndi mtundu watsopano wa zotsekera zomwe zidapangidwa kuyambira 1960s. Chitsanzo chothandizira chimadziwika kuti pisitoni yoyandama imayikidwa kumunsi kwa mbiya ya silinda, ndipo chipinda chotsekedwa cha gasi chomwe chimapangidwa ndi pisitoni yoyandama ndipo mbali imodzi ya mbiya ya silinda imadzazidwa ndi nayitrogeni wothamanga kwambiri. Gawo lalikulu la O-ring limayikidwa pa pistoni yoyandama, yomwe imalekanitsatu mafuta ndi gasi. Pistoni yogwira ntchito imakhala ndi valavu yopondereza ndi valavu yowonjezera yomwe imasintha malo odutsa njirayo ndi liwiro lake loyenda. Gudumu likadumphira mmwamba ndi pansi, pisitoni yogwira ntchito ya pisitoni yogwira ntchito imayenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo mumadzi amafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kusiyana kwamafuta pakati pa chipinda chapamwamba ndi chipinda chapansi cha pisitoni yogwirira ntchito, ndipo mafuta oponderezedwa amakankhira kutseguka. valavu yopondereza ndi valavu yowonjezera ndikuyenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo. Pamene valavu imapanga mphamvu yaikulu yochepetsera ku mafuta opanikizika, kugwedezeka kumachepetsedwa.
Kugawanika kwa ngodya ya zomangamanga
Mapangidwe a chotsitsa chododometsa ndikuti ndodo ya pisitoni yokhala ndi pisitoni imayikidwa mu silinda ndipo silinda imadzazidwa ndi mafuta. Pistoniyo imakhala ndi potuluka kotero kuti mafuta omwe ali m'magawo awiri a malo olekanitsidwa ndi pisitoni amatha kuwonjezerana. Kuthirira kumachitika pamene mafuta a viscous akudutsa pamphuno. The orifice ang'onoang'ono, mphamvu kwambiri damping, kuchulukira mamasukidwe akayendedwe a mafuta ndi yaikulu damping mphamvu. Ngati kukula kwa orifice sikunasinthe, chotsitsa chodzidzimutsa chikagwira ntchito mwachangu, kunyowetsa kwambiri kumakhudza kuyamwa kwamphamvu. Chifukwa chake, valavu yamasamba yooneka ngati diski imayikidwa pamalo otuluka. Kupanikizika kumawonjezeka, valavu imatsegulidwa, kutsegula kwa orifice kumawonjezeka ndipo kuchepa kumachepa. Chifukwa pisitoni imayenda mbali ziwiri, mavavu amtundu wa masamba amayikidwa mbali zonse za pisitoni, zomwe zimatchedwa compression valve ndi extension valve motsatana.
Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, chotsitsa chododometsa chimagawidwa kukhala silinda imodzi ndi silinda iwiri. Itha kugawidwanso kukhala: 1 Single cylinder pneumatic shock absorber; 2. Double yamphamvu mafuta kuthamanga mantha absorber; 3. Double yamphamvu hydro pneumatic shock absorber.
Migolo iwiri
Zimatanthawuza kuti chotsitsa chododometsa chimakhala ndi masilinda awiri amkati ndi akunja, ndipo pisitoni imayenda mu silinda yamkati. Chifukwa cha kulowa ndi kutulutsa pisitoni ndodo, kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu silinda yamkati kumawonjezeka ndikuchepa. Choncho, mafuta oyenera mu silinda yamkati ayenera kusamalidwa posinthanitsa ndi silinda yakunja. Choncho, payenera kukhala ma valve anayi muzitsulo ziwiri za cylinder shock absorber, ndiko kuti, kuwonjezera pa ma valve awiri a pistoni omwe tawatchula pamwambapa, palinso ma valve othamanga ndi ma valve olipira omwe amaikidwa pakati pa ma silinda amkati ndi akunja kuti amalize ntchito yosinthanitsa. .
Mtundu wa mbiya umodzi
Poyerekeza ndi double cylinder shock absorber, single cylinder shock absorber ili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta komanso amachepetsa seti ya ma valve. Pistoni yoyandama imayikidwa m'munsi mwa mbiya ya silinda (chomwe chimatchedwa kuyandama chimatanthauza kuti palibe ndodo ya pistoni yoyendetsa kayendetsedwe kake). Chipinda cha mpweya chotsekedwa chimapangidwa pansi pa pisitoni yoyandama ndikudzazidwa ndi nayitrogeni wothamanga kwambiri. Kusintha komwe kwatchulidwa pamwambapa kwamadzimadzi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mafuta mkati ndi kunja kwa pisitoni ndodo kumasinthidwa ndi kuyandama kwa pisitoni yoyandama. Kupatula pamwamba
