Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito chopopera mpweya woziziritsa magalimoto
Chidule: Dongosolo la mpweya woziziritsa m'galimoto ndi chipangizo chothandizira kuziziritsa, kutentha, kusinthana mpweya ndi kuyeretsa mpweya m'galimoto. Limapereka malo abwino oyendetsera galimoto kwa okwera, kuchepetsa kutopa kwa oyendetsa, ndikuwonjezera chitetezo cha kuyendetsa. Zipangizo zoziziritsira m'galimoto zakhala chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zoyezera ngati galimotoyo yatha. Dongosolo la mpweya woziziritsa m'galimoto limapangidwa ndi compressor, air conditioner, condenser, liquid storage dryer, expansion valve, evaporator ndi blower, ndi zina zotero. Pepalali makamaka limafotokoza mfundo ya automobile air conditioner blower.
Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa dziko komanso kusintha kwa zosowa za anthu pa malo oyendetsera galimoto, magalimoto ambiri ali ndi makina oziziritsira mpweya. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mu 2000, 78% ya magalimoto ogulitsidwa ku United States ndi Canada ali ndi makina oziziritsira mpweya, ndipo tsopano akuyerekezeredwa kuti osachepera 90% ya magalimoto ali ndi makina oziziritsira mpweya, kuwonjezera pa kubweretsa malo abwino oyendetsera galimoto kwa anthu. Monga wogwiritsa ntchito galimoto, owerenga ayenera kumvetsetsa mfundo yake, kuti mavuto adzidzidzi athe kuthetsedwa bwino komanso mwachangu.
1. Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya makina oziziritsira magalimoto
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya makina oziziritsira mpweya wamagalimoto
1, mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya makina oziziritsira mpweya wa magalimoto
Kuzungulira kwa makina oziziritsira mpweya m'galimoto kumakhala ndi njira zinayi: kukanikiza, kutulutsa kutentha, kupopera ndi kuyamwa kutentha.
(1) Njira yokanikizira: compressor imapumira mpweya wozizira wochepa komanso wopanikizika pang'ono pamalo otulukira mpweya wa evaporator, ndikuupondereza kukhala mpweya wotentha kwambiri komanso wopanikizika kwambiri, kenako nkuutumiza ku condenser. Ntchito yayikulu ya njirayi ndikupondereza ndi kukakamiza mpweyawo kuti ukhale wosavuta kusungunuka. Panthawi yokanikizira, mkhalidwe wa refrigerant susintha, ndipo kutentha ndi kupanikizika kumapitirira kukwera, ndikupanga mpweya wotentha kwambiri.
(2) Njira yotulutsira kutentha: mpweya wozizira kwambiri komanso wotentha kwambiri umalowa mu condenser (radiator) kuti usinthe kutentha ndi mlengalenga. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuthamanga ndi kutentha, mpweya wozizira umasungunuka kukhala madzi ndikutulutsa kutentha kwakukulu. Ntchito ya njirayi ndikutulutsa kutentha ndi kusungunuka. Njira yoziziritsira imadziwika ndi kusintha kwa momwe firiji imakhalira, ndiko kuti, pansi pa kupanikizika kosalekeza ndi kutentha, pang'onopang'ono imasintha kuchoka pa mpweya kupita ku madzi. Madzi oziziritsira pambuyo pa kusungunuka ndi madzi othamanga kwambiri komanso otentha kwambiri. Madzi oziziritsira amazizira kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kwambiri kukakhala kwakukulu, mphamvu ya kusungunuka imayamba kuyamwa kutentha panthawi ya kusungunuka, ndipo kuzizira kumakhala bwino, ndiko kuti, kuwonjezeka kofanana kwa kupanga kozizira.
(3) njira yothira madzi: madzi oziziritsa mpweya ndi kutentha kwambiri amathiridwa kudzera mu valavu yokulitsa kuti achepetse kutentha ndi kupanikizika, ndipo chipangizo chokulitsa chimachotsedwa mu chifunga (madontho ang'onoang'ono). Ntchito ya njirayi ndikuziziritsa madzi oziziritsa mpweya ndikuchepetsa kupanikizika, kuyambira kutentha kwambiri ndi madzi oziziritsa mpweya kupita ku madzi oziziritsa mpweya otsika, kuti athe kuyamwa kutentha, kuwongolera mphamvu ya firiji ndikusunga magwiridwe antchito abwinobwino a makina oziziritsa mpweya.
4) Njira yoyamwitsa kutentha: madzi oundana a refrigerant akazizira ndi kutsekereza ndi valavu yokulitsa amalowa mu evaporator, kotero kutentha kwa refrigerant kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kuposa kutentha mkati mwa evaporator, kotero madzi oundana amatuluka mu evaporator ndikuwira kukhala mpweya. Mu ndondomeko yowuma kuti mutenge kutentha kwambiri mozungulira, chepetsani kutentha mkati mwa galimoto. Kenako mpweya wotentha komanso wochepa wa refrigerant umatuluka mu evaporator ndikudikirira kuti compressor ipumenso. Njira ya endothermic imadziwika ndi momwe refrigerant imasinthira kuchoka pamadzi kupita ku gasi, ndipo kuthamanga sikusintha panthawiyi, ndiko kuti, kusintha kwa mkhalidwewu kumachitika panthawi yopanikizika kosalekeza.
2, makina oziziritsira mpweya woziziritsa magalimoto nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ma compressor, ma condenser, ma liquid storage dryer, ma expansion valve, evaporators ndi ma blowers. Monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 1, zigawozo zimalumikizidwa ndi mkuwa (kapena aluminiyamu) ndi machubu a rabara amphamvu kuti apange makina otsekedwa. Makina ozizira akamagwira ntchito, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kukumbukira kwa makina oziziritsira imazungulira mu makina otsekedwa awa, ndipo kuzungulira kulikonse kumakhala ndi njira zinayi zoyambira:
(1) Njira yokanikizira: kompresa imapumira mpweya wozizira pamalo otulukira mpweya wa evaporator pa kutentha kochepa komanso kupanikizika, ndikuukanikiza kukhala kompresa wochotsa mpweya wotentha kwambiri komanso wopanikizika kwambiri.
(2) Njira yotulutsira kutentha: mpweya wozizira kwambiri komanso wotentha kwambiri umalowa mu condenser, ndipo mpweya woziziritsa umasungunuka kukhala madzi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuthamanga ndi kutentha, ndipo kutentha kwambiri kumatuluka.
(3) njira yothira madzi: Madzi oziziritsira okhala ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi kupanikizika akadutsa mu chipangizo chokulitsa, voliyumu imakula, kupanikizika ndi kutentha kumatsika kwambiri, ndipo chipangizo chokulitsa chimachotsedwa mu chifunga (madontho ang'onoang'ono).
(4) Njira yoyamwitsa kutentha: madzi oundana omwe amalowa mu evaporator, kotero kutentha kwa refrigerant kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kuposa kutentha komwe kuli mkati mwa evaporator, kotero madzi oundanawo amasanduka mpweya. Panthawi yotulutsa evaporation, kutentha kwakukulu kumayamwa mozungulira, kenako nthunzi yotsika komanso yotsika imalowa mu compressor.
2 Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya blower
Kawirikawiri, chopopera mpweya pagalimoto chimakhala chopopera mpweya chapakati, ndipo mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya chopopera mpweya chapakati imakhala yofanana ndi ya fan yapakati, kupatula kuti njira yopopera mpweya nthawi zambiri imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yapakati kudzera mu ma impeller angapo ogwira ntchito (kapena magawo angapo). Chopopera mpweya chimakhala ndi rotor yozungulira mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo tsamba lomwe lili pa rotor limayendetsa mpweya kuti uyende mofulumira kwambiri. Mphamvu yapakati imapangitsa mpweya kuyenda kupita ku malo otulutsira mpweya motsatira mzere wa involute mu mawonekedwe a involute a casing, ndipo mpweya wothamanga kwambiri umakhala ndi mphamvu inayake ya mphepo. Mpweya watsopano umadzazidwanso pakati pa nyumbayo.
Polankhula za chiphunzitso, kapito ka mphamvu ya mpweya wothamanga wa centrifugal blower ndi mzere wowongoka, koma chifukwa cha kukana kukangana ndi kutayika kwina mkati mwa fan, kapito ka mphamvu ya mpweya ndi mpweya wothamanga kumachepa pang'onopang'ono ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa madzi, ndipo kapito ka mphamvu ya mpweya wothamanga wa fan ya centrifugal kamakwera ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa madzi. Fan ikamayenda pa liwiro losasinthasintha, malo ogwirira ntchito a fan adzayenda motsatira kapito ka mphamvu ya mpweya wothamanga. Mkhalidwe wa fan panthawi yogwira ntchito umadalira osati pa magwiridwe antchito ake okha, komanso pa makhalidwe a makinawo. Pamene kukana kwa netiweki ya payipi kukukwera, kapito ka mphamvu ya payipi kadzakhala kolimba. Mfundo yaikulu ya malamulo a fan ndikupeza mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito yofunikira posintha kapito ka mphamvu ya fan yokha kapena kapito ka mphamvu ya netiweki yakunja ya payipi. Chifukwa chake, makina ena anzeru amayikidwa pa galimoto kuti athandize galimoto kugwira ntchito bwino ikayendetsa pa liwiro lotsika, liwiro lapakati komanso liwiro lalikulu.
Mfundo yoyendetsera blower
2.1 Kulamulira kokhazikika
Pamene chosinthira cha "otomatiki" cha bolodi lowongolera mpweya chikakanizidwa, kompyuta yowongolera mpweya imasintha yokha liwiro la chowombera malinga ndi kutentha kwa mpweya komwe kumafunika.
Pamene njira yoyendetsera mpweya yasankhidwa mu "nkhope" kapena "njira ziwiri zoyendetsera mpweya", ndipo chowombera chili mumkhalidwe wochepa wa liwiro, liwiro la chowombera lidzasintha malinga ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa mkati mwa malire.
(1) Kugwira ntchito kwa kayendetsedwe ka liwiro lotsika
Pa nthawi yowongolera liwiro lotsika, kompyuta yoziziritsira mpweya imachotsa mphamvu ya magetsi ya triode, ndipo mphamvu ya triode ndi relay ya liwiro lapamwamba kwambiri zimachotsedwanso. Mphamvu yamagetsi imayenda kuchokera ku mota yophulitsira mpweya kupita ku mphamvu yophulitsira mpweya, kenako imatenga chitsulo kuti injiniyo iziyenda mofulumira kwambiri.
Kompyuta yoziziritsira mpweya ili ndi zigawo 7 izi: batire imodzi, switch ziwiri zoyatsira moto, relay ya heater itatu, mota yoziziritsira moto, resistor ya blower 5, transistor yamphamvu 6, waya wa fuse wa kutentha 7, kompyuta ya air conditioner 8, relay ya liwiro lalikulu 9.
(2) Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowongolera liwiro lapakati
Pa nthawi yowongolera liwiro lapakati, power triode imasonkhanitsa fuse yotenthetsera, yomwe imateteza triode kuti isawonongeke kwambiri. Kompyuta yoziziritsira mpweya imasintha mphamvu yamagetsi ya power triode mwa kusintha chizindikiro cha blower drive kuti ikwaniritse cholinga chowongolera liwiro la mota yophulitsira opanda zingwe.
3) Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowongolera liwiro lalikulu
Pa nthawi yowongolera liwiro lalikulu, kompyuta yoziziritsira mpweya imachotsa mphamvu yamagetsi ya triode, cholumikizira chake Nambala 40 tie iron, ndipo relay ya liwiro lalikulu imayatsidwa, ndipo mphamvu yochokera ku mota yopumira imadutsa mu relay ya liwiro lalikulu, kenako kupita ku chitsulo chomangira, zomwe zimapangitsa mota kuzungulira liwiro lalikulu.
2.2 Kutentha
Mu mkhalidwe wowongolera wokha, sensa yotenthetsera yomwe ili pansi pa heater core imazindikira kutentha kwa coolant ndipo imachita kulamulira kutentha. Pamene kutentha kwa coolant kuli pansi pa 40 ° C ndipo switch yodziyimira yokha yayatsidwa, kompyuta yoziziritsira mpweya imatseka blower kuti mpweya wozizira usatuluke. M'malo mwake, pamene kutentha kwa coolant kuli pamwamba pa 40 ° C, kompyuta yoziziritsira mpweya imayambitsa blower ndikuipangitsa kuti izizungulira pa liwiro lotsika. Kuyambira pamenepo, liwiro la blower limayendetsedwa lokha malinga ndi kayendedwe ka mpweya komwe kwawerengedwa komanso kutentha kwa mpweya komwe kumafunika.
Kuwongolera kutentha komwe kwafotokozedwa pamwambapa kulipo pokhapokha ngati mpweya wasankhidwa mbali ya "pansi" kapena "kuthamanga kawiri".
2.3 Kuwongolera kayendedwe ka mpweya mochedwa (kokha poziziritsa)
Kulamulira kwa mpweya wochedwa kumadalira kutentha mkati mwa choziziritsira komwe kumawonedwa ndi sensa ya kutentha ya evaporator.
Kuwongolera mpweya kumatha kuletsa kutuluka kwa mpweya wotentha mwangozi kuchokera ku choziziritsira mpweya. Kuwongolera kochedwa kumeneku kumachitika kamodzi kokha injini ikayamba ndipo zinthu zotsatirazi zakwaniritsidwa: 1 compressor operation; Yatsani 2 blower control mu "automatic" state (automatic switch yayatsa); 3 Kuwongolera mpweya mu "face" state; Sinthani ku "Face" kudzera pa face switch, kapena ikani ku "face" mu automatic control; 4 Kutentha mkati mwa choziziritsira kumakhala kokwera kuposa 30℃
Kugwira ntchito kwa kayendetsedwe ka mpweya kochedwa ndi motere:
Ngakhale zinthu zonse zinayi zomwe zili pamwambapa zitakwaniritsidwa ndipo injini yayatsidwa, mota yoyatsira singathe kuyatsidwa nthawi yomweyo. Mota yoyatsira ili ndi kusiyana kwa 4s, koma compressor iyenera kuyatsidwa, ndipo injini iyenera kuyatsidwa, ndipo mpweya woziziritsa uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuziziritsa evaporator. Mota yoyatsira kumbuyo ya 4s imayamba, imagwira ntchito ndi liwiro lotsika nthawi ya 5s yoyamba, ndipo pang'onopang'ono imathamanga kwambiri nthawi ya 6s yomaliza. Ntchitoyi imaletsa kutuluka mwadzidzidzi kwa mpweya wotentha kuchokera mumpweya, zomwe zingayambitse kugwedezeka.
Ndemanga zomaliza
Makina abwino kwambiri owongolera mpweya wowongolera mpweya m'galimoto amatha kusintha kutentha, chinyezi, ukhondo, khalidwe ndi mpweya wabwino m'galimoto, ndikupangitsa mpweya m'galimoto kuyenda mofulumira komanso molunjika kuti apaulendo azitha kuyendetsa bwino, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti apaulendo ali pamalo abwino opumira pansi pa nyengo ndi mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yakunja. Zingalepheretse galasi la zenera kuti lisaume, kuti dalaivala athe kuwona bwino, ndikupereka chitsimikizo choyambira choyendetsa bwino.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitirizani kuwerenga nkhani zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiimbireni foni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa zida zamagalimoto za MG&MAUXS zomwe zikulandiridwa kugula.
