paAutomobile air conditioning blower mfundo
Chidziwitso: Makina owongolera mpweya wamagalimoto ndi chipangizo chozindikira kuziziritsa, kutentha, kusinthana kwa mpweya ndi kuyeretsa mpweya m'galimoto. Itha kupereka malo oyendetsa bwino kwa okwera, kuchepetsa kutopa kwa oyendetsa, komanso kuwongolera chitetezo chagalimoto. Zida zoyatsira mpweya zakhala chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zoyezera ngati galimotoyo yatha. Galimoto mpweya mpweya dongosolo wapangidwa kompresa, mpweya blower, condenser, madzi yosungirako chowumitsira, valavu kufutukula, evaporator ndi blower, etc. Pepala ili makamaka limayambitsa mfundo ya galimoto mpweya mpweya blower.
Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa dziko komanso kusintha kwa zofuna za anthu pa malo oyendetsa galimoto, magalimoto ambiri ali ndi makina oziziritsira mpweya. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mu 2000, 78% ya magalimoto ogulitsidwa ku United States ndi Canada anali ndi zoziziritsa kukhosi, ndipo tsopano akuganiza kuti pafupifupi 90% ya magalimotowa ali ndi mpweya, komanso kubweretsa zabwino. malo oyendetsa kwa anthu. Monga wogwiritsa ntchito galimoto, owerenga ayenera kumvetsetsa mfundo yake, kuti zochitika zadzidzidzi zithetsedwe bwino komanso mofulumira.
1. Mfundo yogwira ntchito yamagetsi a refrigeration system
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito yagalimoto yama air conditioning system firiji
1, mfundo yogwirira ntchito yagalimoto yama air conditioning firiji
Kuzungulira kwa firiji yamagalimoto yama air conditioning kumakhala ndi njira zinayi: kuponderezana, kutulutsa kutentha, kutsika komanso kuyamwa kutentha.
(1) Njira yopondereza: kompresa imakoka kutentha pang'ono ndi mpweya wochepa wa refrigerant pamtunda wa evaporator, ndikuyiyika mu kutentha kwakukulu ndi mpweya wothamanga kwambiri, kenako ndikuitumiza ku condenser. Ntchito yaikulu ya ndondomekoyi ndi kukakamiza ndi kukakamiza mpweya kuti ukhale wosavuta kusungunuka. Panthawi yoponderezedwa, chikhalidwe cha firiji sichisintha, ndipo kutentha ndi kupanikizika kumapitirira kukwera, kupanga mpweya wotentha kwambiri.
(2) Njira yotulutsira kutentha: mpweya wotentha kwambiri komanso wothamanga kwambiri wa refrigerant umalowa mu condenser (radiator) kuti azitha kutentha ndi mlengalenga. Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuthamanga ndi kutentha, mpweya wa refrigerant umasungunuka kukhala madzi ndi kutulutsa kutentha kwakukulu. Ntchito ya njirayi ndi kutulutsa kutentha ndi condense. Njira ya condensation imadziwika ndi kusintha kwa firiji, ndiko kuti, pansi pa kupanikizika kosalekeza ndi kutentha, pang'onopang'ono amasintha kuchokera ku gasi kupita ku madzi. The refrigerant madzi pambuyo condensation ndi mkulu kuthamanga ndi mkulu kutentha madzi. The refrigerant madzi ndi supercooled, ndipo mlingo waukulu wa supercooling, mphamvu ya evaporation kuti kuyamwa kutentha pa nthunzi ndondomeko, ndi bwino refrigeration zotsatira, ndiko kuti, lolingana kuwonjezeka kupanga kuzizira.
(3) throttling ndondomeko: mkulu kuthamanga ndi kutentha refrigerant madzi ndi throttled kudzera valavu kutambasuka kuchepetsa kutentha ndi kupanikizika, ndi kukulitsa chipangizo inathetsedwa mu chifunga (madontho ang'onoang'ono). Ntchito ya ndondomekoyi ndi kuziziritsa refrigerant ndi kuchepetsa kupanikizika, kuchokera kutentha kwambiri ndi kuthamanga kwamadzimadzi mpaka kutsika kwamadzimadzi otentha, kuti athe kuyamwa kutentha, kulamulira mphamvu ya firiji ndikusunga ntchito yabwino ya firiji. dongosolo.
4) Kutentha mayamwidwe ndondomeko: ndi nkhungu refrigerant madzi pambuyo kuzirala ndi ogwetsa ndi valavu kutambasuka amalowa evaporator, kotero otentha mfundo refrigerant ndi otsika kwambiri kuposa kutentha mkati evaporator, kotero refrigerant madzi amasanduka nthunzi mu evaporator ndi zithupsa mu. gasi. Mu evaporation ndondomeko kuyamwa kutentha kwambiri mozungulira, kuchepetsa kutentha mkati mwa galimoto. Ndiye kutentha kwapansi ndi mpweya wochepa wa refrigerant umayenda kuchokera mu evaporator ndikudikirira kuti kompresa ipumenso. The endothermic ndondomeko imadziwika ndi chikhalidwe cha refrigerant kusintha kuchokera kumadzi kupita ku mpweya, ndipo kupanikizika sikunasinthe panthawiyi, ndiko kuti, kusintha kwa dziko lino kumachitika panthawi ya kupanikizika kosalekeza.
2, makina oziziritsira mpweya wamagalimoto amapangidwa ndi ma compressor, ma condensers, zowumitsira zamadzimadzi, ma valve okulitsa, ma evaporator ndi ma blowers. Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1, zigawozi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mkuwa (kapena aluminium) ndi machubu a rabara othamanga kwambiri kuti apange dongosolo lotsekedwa. Dongosolo lozizira likamagwira ntchito, zigawo zosiyanasiyana za kukumbukira kwa firiji zimazungulira mu dongosolo lotsekedwa ili, ndipo kuzungulira kulikonse kumakhala ndi njira zinayi zofunika:
(1) Njira yopondereza: kompresa imakokera mpweya wa refrigerant potuluka mu evaporator pa kutentha pang'ono ndi kupanikizika, ndikuupanikiza kuti ukhale wotentha kwambiri komanso wopondereza kwambiri wochotsa mpweya.
(2) Njira yotulutsira kutentha: mpweya wotentha kwambiri komanso wothamanga kwambiri wa refrigerant umalowa mu condenser, ndipo mpweya wa refrigerant umasinthidwa kukhala madzi chifukwa cha kuchepetsa kupanikizika ndi kutentha, ndipo kutentha kwakukulu kumatulutsidwa.
(3) throttling ndondomeko: Pambuyo pa refrigerant madzi ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi kuthamanga akudutsa chipangizo chokulitsa, voliyumu imakhala yaikulu, kuthamanga ndi kutentha kumatsika kwambiri, ndipo chipangizo chokulitsa chimachotsedwa mu chifunga (madontho ang'onoang'ono).
(4) Kutentha kwa kutentha: madzi otsekemera a nkhungu amalowa mu evaporator, kotero kuti malo otentha a firiji ndi otsika kwambiri kuposa kutentha mkati mwa evaporator, kotero kuti madzi a refrigerant amasanduka mpweya. Pa nthawi ya evaporation, kutentha kwakukulu kumatengedwa mozungulira, ndiyeno kutentha kochepa ndi kutsika kwa refrigerant nthunzi kumalowa mu compressor.
2 Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya blower
Kawirikawiri, chowombera pagalimoto chimakhala chowombera centrifugal, ndipo mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito centrifugal blower ndi yofanana ndi ya centrifugal fan, kupatula kuti kuponderezana kwa mpweya nthawi zambiri kumachitika pansi pa mphamvu ya centrifugal kupyolera mu ntchito zingapo. zolowetsa (kapena magawo angapo). Chowombacho chimakhala ndi rotor yothamanga kwambiri, ndipo tsamba la rotor limayendetsa mpweya kuti uziyenda mofulumira. Mphamvu ya centrifugal imapangitsa kuti mpweya uziyenda ku chotengera cha fan motsatira mzere wa involute mu mawonekedwe a involute a casing, ndipo kutuluka kwa mpweya wothamanga kwambiri kumakhala ndi mphamvu inayake ya mphepo. Mpweya watsopano umawonjezeredwanso pakati pa nyumbayo.
Kulankhula mwachidziwitso, mayendedwe othamanga a centrifugal blower ndi mzere wowongoka, koma chifukwa cha kukana kukangana ndi kutayika kwina mkati mwa fani, kuthamanga kwenikweni ndi kutsika kwa mayendedwe kumachepa pang'onopang'ono ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga, ndipo Kuthamanga kwamphamvu kofananirako kwa fan centrifugal kumakwera ndi kuchuluka kwa liwiro loyenda. Faniyo ikamathamanga mosalekeza, malo ogwirira ntchito a faniyo amasuntha motsatira mayendedwe othamanga. Kugwira ntchito kwa fan pakugwira ntchito kumadalira osati pazochita zake zokha, komanso mawonekedwe a dongosolo. Pamene chitoliro maukonde kukana ukuwonjezeka, chitoliro ntchito pamapindikira adzakhala chotsetsereka. Mfundo yayikulu yoyendetsera mafani ndikupeza zofunikira zogwirira ntchito posintha mawonekedwe a fani kapena mawonekedwe amtundu wa netiweki yakunja. Choncho, machitidwe ena anzeru amaikidwa pa galimoto kuti athandize galimotoyo kugwira ntchito bwino pamene ikuyendetsa mofulumira, mofulumira komanso mofulumira.
Mfundo yowombeza
2.1 Kuwongolera zokha
Kusintha kwa "automatic" kwa bolodi lowongolera mpweya kukanikizidwa, kompyuta yoziziritsa mpweya imangosintha liwiro la chowombera molingana ndi kutentha kwa mpweya komwe kumafunikira.
Pamene kayendedwe ka mpweya kasankhidwa mu "nkhope" kapena "kuthamanga kwapawiri", ndipo chowombera chimakhala chochepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa mphepo kudzasintha malinga ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa mkati mwa malire.
(1) Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa
Pakuwongolera liwiro lotsika, kompyuta yoziziritsa mpweya imadula ma voliyumu apansi pa ma triode amphamvu, ndipo ma triode amphamvu ndi ma ultra-high speed relay nawonso amachotsedwa. Pakalipano imayenda kuchokera ku injini ya blower kupita ku blower resistance, kenako imatenga chitsulo kuti injiniyo iziyenda mwachangu.
Kompyutala yoziziritsa mpweya ili ndi magawo 7 awa: 1 batire, 2 switch switch, 3 heater relay, blower motor, 5 blower resistor, 6 power transistor, 7 fiyuzi waya wa kutentha, 8 makompyuta oziziritsa mpweya, 9 wothamanga kwambiri.
(2) Kugwiritsa ntchito liwiro lapakati
Panthawi yowongolera liwiro lapakati, ma triode amphamvu amasonkhanitsa fusesi ya kutentha, yomwe imateteza ma triode kuti asawonongeke. Kompyutala yoyatsira mpweya imasintha maziko a mphamvu ya triode yamphamvu posintha siginecha ya blower drive kuti ikwaniritse cholinga chowongolera liwiro la mota ya blower.
3) Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zothamanga kwambiri
Pakuwongolera kothamanga kwambiri, kompyuta yotenthetsera mpweya imachotsa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi atatu, cholumikizira chake No. 40 tayi chitsulo, ndi relay yothamanga kwambiri imayatsidwa, ndipo mphamvu yochokera ku blower motor imayenda mothamanga kwambiri. relay, ndiyeno kwa tayi chitsulo, kupanga injini atembenuza pa liwiro lalikulu.
2.2 Kutentha koyambirira
M'malo owongolera okha, sensa ya kutentha yokhazikika m'munsi mwa chotenthetsera chimazindikira kutentha kwa choziziritsa kuzizira ndikuwongolera kutentha. Kutentha kozizira kukakhala pansi pa 40 ° C ndipo chosinthira chodziwikiratu chayatsidwa, kompyuta yoziziritsa mpweya imatseka chowuzira kuti mpweya wozizira usatuluke. M'malo mwake, kutentha kozizirirako kukakhala pamwamba pa 40 ° C, kompyuta yoziziritsa mpweya imayamba kuwomba ndikupangitsa kuti izizungulira mwachangu. Kuyambira pamenepo, liwiro la blower limangoyendetsedwa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya wowerengera komanso kutentha kwa mpweya komwe kumafunikira.
Kuwongolera kotenthetsera komwe kwafotokozedwa pamwambapa kumakhalapo pokhapokha ngati mpweya umasankhidwa munjira ya "pansi" kapena "dual flow".
2.3 Kuchedwa kuwongolera kayendedwe ka mpweya (kongozizira)
Kuchedwetsa kuwongolera kwa mpweya kumatengera kutentha mkati mwa chozizira chomwe chimazindikiridwa ndi sensa ya kutentha kwa evaporator. kuchedwa
Kuwongolera kayendedwe ka mpweya kungalepheretse kutuluka mwangozi kwa mpweya wotentha kuchokera ku air conditioner. Kuwongolera kuchedwa kumeneku kumachitika kamodzi kokha injini ikayambika ndipo zotsatirazi zikwaniritsidwa: 1 ntchito ya kompresa; Tembenuzani kuwongolera kwa 2 mu "zodziwikiratu" (zosinthira zokha); 3 Kuwongolera kuyenda kwa mpweya mu "nkhope"; Sinthani ku "Nkhope" kudzera pakusintha kumaso, kapena kuyika "nkhope" muzowongolera zokha; 4 Kutentha mkati mwa choziziritsa kukhosi kumakhala kopitilira 30 ℃
Kachitidwe kakuchedwetsa kayendedwe ka mpweya ndi motere:
Ngakhale zinthu zinayi zomwe zili pamwambazi zakwaniritsidwa ndipo injini yayambika, chowombera sichingayambike nthawi yomweyo. The blower motor ili ndi kusiyana kwa 4s, koma kompresa iyenera kuyatsidwa, ndipo injini iyenera kuyatsidwa, ndipo gasi wa refrigerant ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuziziritsa evaporator. Galimoto yakumbuyo ya 4s imayamba, imagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono mu nthawi yoyamba ya 5s, ndipo pang'onopang'ono imathamanga kupita ku liwilo lalikulu mu nthawi ya 6s yomaliza. Opaleshoniyi imalepheretsa kutuluka kwadzidzidzi kwa mpweya wotentha kuchokera mumlengalenga, zomwe zingayambitse chipwirikiti.
Ndemanga zotsekera
Makina abwino kwambiri owongolera mpweya omwe amayendetsedwa ndi makompyuta amatha kusintha kutentha, chinyezi, ukhondo, mawonekedwe ndi mpweya m'galimoto, ndikupanga mpweya m'galimoto kuyenda pa liwiro linalake ndi malangizo kuti apereke malo abwino oyendetsera galimoto. okwera, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti okwera ali mumlengalenga wabwino pansi pa nyengo ndi mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yakunja. Ikhoza kulepheretsa galasi lazenera kuti lisawonongeke, kuti dalaivala athe kukhalabe ndi masomphenya omveka bwino, ndikupereka chitsimikizo choyambirira cha kuyendetsa bwino.
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri, pitilizani kuwerenga zolemba zina patsamba lino!
Chonde tiyimbireni ngati mukufuna zinthu zotere.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. yadzipereka kugulitsa zida zamagalimoto za MG&MAUXS zolandiridwa kuti mugule.
