Anthu akamakambirana za njinga zamoto zamawiro atatu ndi magalimoto ena opepuka ndi ma van, nthawi zambiri amanena kuti axle iyi ikuyandama mokwanira, ndipo axleyo ikuyandama pang'ono. Kodi "full float" ndi "semi-float" zikutanthauza chiyani apa? Tiyeni tiyankhe funso ili pansipa.
Chomwe chimatchedwa "full-floating" ndi "semi-floating" chimatanthauza mtundu wa chithandizo chomangirira ma axle shafts a magalimoto. Monga tonse tikudziwira, half shaft ndi shaft yolimba yomwe imatumiza torque pakati pa differential ndi ma drive wheels. Mbali yake yamkati imalumikizidwa ndi giya yam'mbali kudzera mu spline, ndipo mbali yakunja imalumikizidwa ndi hub ya drive wheel ndi flange. Popeza half shaft imafunika kukhala ndi torque yayikulu kwambiri, mphamvu yake imafunika kukhala yayikulu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, chitsulo cha alloy monga 40Cr, 40CrMo kapena 40MnB chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozimitsa ndi kutenthetsa komanso kuzizimitsa pafupipafupi. Popera, pakati pake pali kulimba kwabwino, kumatha kupirira torque yayikulu, ndipo kumatha kupirira katundu winawake wokhudza, womwe ungakwaniritse zosowa za magalimoto pansi pa mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana.
Malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yothandizira ya half shafts, half shafts amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: "full floating" ndi "semi-floating". Full-floating axle ndi semi-floating axle zomwe nthawi zambiri timazitchula zimatanthauza mtundu wa half-shaft. "Float" apa ikutanthauza katundu wopindika pambuyo poti axle shaft yachotsedwa.
Chomwe chimatchedwa kuti full-floating half shaft chimatanthauza kuti half shaft imangonyamula torque ndipo siinyamula mphindi iliyonse yopindika. Mbali yamkati ya half shaft yotereyi imalumikizidwa ndi giya yosiyana kudzera mu splines, ndipo mbali yakunja ili ndi flange plate, yomwe imakhazikika ndi wheel hub ndi ma bolts, ndipo wheel hub imayikidwa pa axle kudzera mu ma bearing awiri opindika. Mwanjira imeneyi, kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka kosiyanasiyana kumagudumu, komanso kulemera kwa galimoto, kumatumizidwa kuchokera kumagudumu kupita ku ma hubs kenako kupita ku ma axles, omwe pamapeto pake amanyamulidwa ndi ma axle housings. Ma axle shaft amangotumiza torque kuchokera ku differential kupita ku magudumu kuti ayendetse galimotoyo. Munjira iyi, malekezero onse a half shaft amangonyamula torque popanda mphindi iliyonse yopindika, kotero imatchedwa "full floating". Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa kapangidwe ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa full-floating half-shaft ya galimoto. Kapangidwe kake ndi kakuti wheel hub imayikidwa pa axle kudzera pa ma bearing awiri ozungulira, gudumu limayikidwa pa wheel hub, mphamvu yothandizira imatumizidwa mwachindunji ku axle, ndipo half-shaft imadutsa. Zomangira zisanu ndi zitatu zimamangiriridwa ku hub ndipo zimatumiza torque ku hub, zomwe zimapangitsa gudumulo kuzungulira.
Hafu ya shaft yoyandama yonse ndi yosavuta kuichotsa ndikusintha, ndipo hafu ya shaft imatha kuchotsedwa pokhapokha mutachotsa mabotolo omangira omwe ali pa flange plate ya half shaft. Komabe, kulemera konse kwa galimotoyo mutachotsa half-axle kumathandizidwa ndi axle housing, ndipo ikhoza kuyimitsidwabe pansi modalirika; vuto ndilakuti kapangidwe kake ndi kovuta ndipo mtundu wa zida zake ndi waukulu. Ndi mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto, ndipo magalimoto ambiri opepuka, apakatikati komanso olemera, magalimoto akunja kwa msewu ndi magalimoto okwera anthu amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu uwu wa axle shaft.
Chomwe chimatchedwa theka-floating half shaft chimatanthauza kuti theka shaft silimangonyamula mphamvu yokha, komanso limakhala ndi nthawi yopindika. Mbali yamkati ya axle shaft yoteroyo imalumikizidwa ndi giya yosiyana kudzera m'mizere, mbali yakunja ya axle shaft imathandizidwa pa axle housing kudzera pa bearing, ndipo gudumu limayikidwa mokhazikika pa cantilever kumapeto kwa axle shaft. Mwanjira imeneyi, mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagwira ntchito pa mawilo ndi nthawi zopindika zomwe zimatsatira zimatumizidwa mwachindunji ku half shafts, kenako kupita ku drive axle housing kudzera mu mabearing. Galimoto ikamayenda, half shafts sizimangoyendetsa mawilo kuti azungulire, komanso zimayendetsa mawilo kuti azungulire. Kuti zithandizire kulemera konse kwa galimotoyo. Mbali yamkati ya half shaft imangokhala ndi mphamvu yokha osati nthawi yopindika, pomwe mbali yakunja imakhala ndi mphamvu yonse komanso nthawi yonse yopindika, kotero imatchedwa "semi-floating". Chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwonetsa kapangidwe ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa semi-floating semi-axle ya galimoto. Kapangidwe kake ndi kakuti mbali yakunja imakhala yokhazikika komanso yothandizidwa pa chogwirira chozungulira chopindika chokhala ndi pamwamba pake chopindika, kiyi ndi hub, ndipo mphamvu yakunja ya axial imayendetsedwa ndi chogwirira chozungulira chopindika. Chogwirira, mphamvu yamkati ya axial imatumizidwa ku chogwirira chozungulira chopindika cha mbali inayo ya theka la shaft kudzera mu chotsekera.
Kapangidwe kothandizira theka la shaft yoyandama pang'ono ndi kakang'ono komanso kopepuka, koma mphamvu ya theka la shaft ndi yovuta, ndipo kusokoneza ndi kusonkhanitsa sikuli bwino. Ngati ma axle shaft achotsedwa, galimotoyo singathe kuthandizidwa pansi. Nthawi zambiri ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa ma vani ang'onoang'ono ndi magalimoto opepuka okhala ndi katundu wa magalimoto ang'onoang'ono, mainchesi ang'onoang'ono a mawilo ndi axle yakumbuyo, monga mndandanda wamba wa Wu ling ndi mndandanda wa Song hua jiang.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-04-2022