Kutenga mantha a galimoto
Mu dongosolo loyimitsa, chinthu chotanuka chimagwedezeka chifukwa cha kugunda. Pofuna kukonza chitonthozo cha galimoto, choyimitsa kugunda chimayikidwa pamodzi ndi chinthu chotanuka chomwe chili mu kuyimitsa. Pofuna kuchepetsa kugwedezeka, choyimitsa kugunda chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu dongosolo loyimitsa galimoto nthawi zambiri chimakhala choyimitsa kugunda kwa hydraulic. Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndi yakuti pamene kugwedezeka pakati pa chimango (kapena thupi) ndi axle kumachitika, pistoni yomwe ili mu choyimitsa kugunda imasunthira mmwamba ndi pansi. Mafuta omwe ali mu chivindikiro cha kugunda kwa shock absorber amatuluka mobwerezabwereza kuchokera m'chibowo chimodzi kudzera m'mabowo osiyanasiyana kupita ku chibowo china.
Panthawiyi, kukangana pakati pa khoma la dzenje ndi mafuta [1] ndi kukangana kwamkati pakati pa mamolekyu a mafuta kumapanga mphamvu yonyowa pa kugwedezeka, kotero kuti mphamvu yonyowa ya galimoto imasandulika kukhala mphamvu yotentha ya mafuta, yomwe imayamwa ndikutulutsidwa mumlengalenga ndi chonyowa. Pamene gawo la njira ya mafuta ndi zinthu zina sizikusintha, mphamvu yonyowa imawonjezeka kapena kuchepa ndi liwiro loyendera pakati pa chimango ndi axle (kapena gudumu), ndipo imakhudzana ndi kukhuthala kwa mafuta.
Choyatsira moto ndi chinthu chotanuka zimagwira ntchito yochepetsa kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka. Ngati mphamvu yochepetsera moto ndi yayikulu kwambiri, kulimba kwa choyimitsacho kudzachepa, ndipo ngakhale zigawo zolumikizira za choyatsira moto zidzawonongeka. Chifukwa cha kutsutsana pakati pa chinthu chotanuka ndi choyatsira moto.
(1) Pa nthawi ya compression stroke (ekseli ndi chimango zili pafupi), mphamvu yochepetsera kutentha ya shock absorber imakhala yochepa, kotero kuti elastic effect ya elastic effect igwire bwino ntchito ndikuchepetsa kugwedezeka. Pakadali pano, elastic element imagwira ntchito yayikulu.
(2) Pa nthawi yolumikizira suspension extension (axle ndi chimango zili kutali kwambiri), mphamvu yochepetsera kutentha ya shock absorber iyenera kukhala yayikulu ndikuyamwa kugwedezeka mwachangu.
(3) Ngati liwiro pakati pa ekseli (kapena gudumu) ndi ekseli ndi lalikulu kwambiri, chopondera madzi chimafunika kuti chiwonjezere madzi kuti mphamvu yopondera madzi isapitirire malire enaake, kuti chisatenge katundu wambiri.
Chopopera chozungulira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu makina oimika magalimoto, ndipo chimagwira ntchito ngati chopopera chogwedezeka pa kupsinjika ndi kukulitsa. Chimatchedwa chopopera chogwedezeka cha mbali ziwiri. Palinso zopopera zatsopano, kuphatikizapo chopopera chogwedezeka chopumira komanso chopopera chosinthika.
