Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndi malo okhazikitsa radar yobwerera m'mbuyo
Dzina lonse la radar yobwerera m'mbuyo ndi "reversing anti-collision radar", yomwe imatchedwanso "parking axivity device", kapena "reversing computer warning system". Chipangizochi chimatha kuweruza mtunda wa zopinga ndikulangiza momwe zinthu zilili zopinga kuzungulira galimotoyo kuti chiwongolere chitetezo cha reversing.
Choyamba, mfundo yogwirira ntchito
Radar yobwerera m'mbuyo ndi chipangizo chothandizira chitetezo cha malo oimika magalimoto, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi sensa ya ultrasonic (yomwe imadziwika kuti probe), chowongolera ndi chiwonetsero, alamu (honi kapena buzzer) ndi ziwalo zina, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 1. Sensa ya ultrasonic ndiye gawo lalikulu la dongosolo lonse lobwerera m'mbuyo. Ntchito yake ndikutumiza ndikulandira mafunde a ultrasonic. Kapangidwe kake kakuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 2. Pakadali pano, ma frequency ogwiritsira ntchito probe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mitundu itatu ya 40kHz, 48kHz ndi 58kHz. Kawirikawiri, ma frequency ochulukirapo, kukhudzika kumakhala kwakukulu, koma njira yolunjika komanso yowongoka ya ngodya yozindikira ndi yaying'ono, kotero nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito sensa ya 40kHz.
Radar ya Astern imagwiritsa ntchito mfundo yoyendetsera ma ultrasonic. Galimoto ikayikidwa mu giya lobwerera m'mbuyo, radar yobwerera m'mbuyo imayamba kugwira ntchito yokha. Motsogozedwa ndi wowongolera, probe yomwe imayikidwa pa bumper yakumbuyo imatumiza mafunde a ultrasound ndikupanga ma echo signals ikakumana ndi zopinga. Pambuyo polandira ma echo signals kuchokera ku sensa, wowongolerayo amachita kukonza deta, motero amawerengera mtunda pakati pa thupi la galimoto ndi zopinga ndikuweruza malo a zopinga.
Kutembenuza chithunzi cha radar circuit composition block monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzi 3, MCU (MicroprocessorControlUint) kudzera mu kapangidwe ka pulogalamu yokonzedweratu, kuwongolera electronic analog switch drive transmission circuit yogwirizana, ma ultrasonic sensors amagwira ntchito. Ma ultrasound echo signals amakonzedwa ndi ma special receiving, filtering, and amplifier circuits, kenako amazindikira ndi ma ports 10 a MCU. Akalandira chizindikiro cha gawo lonse la sensa, makinawa amapeza mtunda wapafupi kudzera mu algorithm inayake, ndikuyendetsa buzzer kapena display circuit kuti ikumbutse driver za mtunda wapafupi ndi azimuth.
Ntchito yaikulu ya makina osinthira magalimoto ndi kuthandiza kuimika magalimoto, kutuluka mu giya yobwerera m'mbuyo kapena kusiya kugwira ntchito pamene liwiro loyenda likupitirira liwiro linalake (nthawi zambiri 5km/h).
[Langizo] Mafunde a Ultrasonic amatanthauza mafunde a phokoso omwe amaposa kuchuluka kwa kumva kwa anthu (oposa 20kHz). Ali ndi makhalidwe a ma frequency apamwamba, kufalikira kwa mzere wowongoka, kuwongolera bwino, kufalikira pang'ono, kulowa mwamphamvu, liwiro lofalikira pang'onopang'ono (pafupifupi 340m/s) ndi zina zotero. Mafunde a Ultrasonic amayenda kudzera mu zinthu zolimba zosawoneka bwino ndipo amatha kulowa mpaka kuzama kwa mamita makumi. Pamene ultrasound ikumana ndi zodetsa kapena zolumikizira, imapanga mafunde owonetsedwa, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga kuzindikira kwakuya kapena kusinthasintha, motero amatha kupangidwa kukhala dongosolo losinthasintha.
