Mpweya woyatsira mpweya - gawo lotsika - 2.8T
Fyuluta ya mpweya wa m'galimoto ndi chinthu chomwe chimachotsa zinyalala mumlengalenga m'galimoto. Fyuluta ya mpweya woziziritsa m'galimoto imatha kuchepetsa bwino zinthu zoipitsa kulowa m'galimoto kudzera mu makina otenthetsera, mpweya wopumira komanso oziziritsa, ndikuletsa mpweya woipa kuti usalowe m'galimoto.
Zosefera mpweya zamagalimoto zimatha kubweretsa malo oyera mkati mwa galimoto. Zosefera mpweya zamagalimoto ndi za zinthu zamagalimoto ndipo zimakhala ndi magawo awiri: chinthu chosefera ndi nyumba. Zofunikira zake zazikulu ndi kusefera bwino, kukana kuyenda kwa madzi pang'ono, komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza kwa nthawi yayitali popanda kukonza.
zotsatira
Fyuluta ya mpweya ya galimoto ndiyo makamaka imagwira ntchito yochotsa zinthu zodetsa mpweya mumlengalenga. Pamene makina a pistoni (injini yoyaka mkati, compressor yobwerezabwereza, ndi zina zotero) akugwira ntchito, ngati mpweya wopumira uli ndi fumbi ndi zinthu zina zodetsa, zidzawonjezera kuwonongeka kwa ziwalozo, kotero fyuluta ya mpweya iyenera kuyikidwa. Fyuluta ya mpweya imakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri, chinthu chosefera ndi nyumba. Zofunikira zazikulu za fyuluta ya mpweya ndi kusefera bwino kwambiri, kukana kuyenda kwa madzi pang'ono, komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza kwa nthawi yayitali popanda kukonza.
Injini zamagalimoto ndi zigawo zolondola kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale zinyalala zazing'ono kwambiri zimatha kuwononga injini. Chifukwa chake, mpweya usanalowe mu silinda, uyenera kusefedwa bwino ndi fyuluta ya mpweya usanalowe mu silinda. Fyuluta ya mpweya ndiye woteteza injini, ndipo momwe fyuluta ya mpweya imagwirira ntchito zimagwirizana ndi moyo wa injini. Ngati fyuluta ya mpweya yonyansa ikugwiritsidwa ntchito galimoto ikuyenda, mpweya wolowa mu injini sudzakhala wokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta asatenthe mokwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injini isagwire bwino ntchito, mphamvu ichepe, komanso mafuta ambiri agwiritsidwe ntchito. Chifukwa chake, galimotoyo iyenera kusunga fyuluta ya mpweya yoyera.
Kugawa
Injini ili ndi mitundu itatu ya zosefera: mpweya, mafuta, ndi mafuta, ndipo fyuluta yoziziritsira mpweya m'galimoto nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "masefera anayi". Iwo ndi omwe amachititsa kusefera kwa zofalitsa mu dongosolo lolowetsa injini, dongosolo lodzola mafuta, ndi dongosolo loziziritsira makina oyatsa.
A. Fyuluta yamafuta ili mu makina oyeretsera mafuta a injini. Kumtunda kwake ndi pampu yamafuta, ndipo pansi pake ndi magawo osiyanasiyana mu injini omwe amafunika kudzozedwa. Ntchito yake ndikusefa zinyalala zovulaza mu mafuta a injini kuchokera mu poto yamafuta, ndikupereka mafuta oyera a injini ku crankshaft, ndodo yolumikizira, camshaft, supercharger, piston ring ndi ma kinematic pairs ena kuti adzoze, azizire komanso aziyeretsa, potero amawonjezera moyo wa zigawozi.
B. Fyuluta yamafuta ingagawidwe m'magulu a carburetor ndi mtundu wa injection yamagetsi. Pa injini zamafuta zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito carburetor, fyuluta yamafuta imakhala mbali yolowera ya pampu yamafuta, ndipo kuthamanga kwa ntchito kumakhala kochepa. Nthawi zambiri, chivundikiro cha nayiloni chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo injini yamagetsi ya injection Fyuluta yamafuta imakhala mbali yotulukira ya pampu yamafuta, ndipo imakhala ndi kuthamanga kwamphamvu kwa ntchito, nthawi zambiri yokhala ndi chivundikiro chachitsulo.
C. Fyuluta ya mpweya ya galimoto ili mu makina olowetsa injini, ndipo ndi gulu lopangidwa ndi fyuluta imodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zimayeretsa mpweya. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusefa zinyalala zovulaza mumlengalenga zomwe zimalowa mu silinda, kuti achepetse kuwonongeka koyambirira kwa silinda, pistoni, mphete ya pistoni, valavu ndi mpando wa valavu.
D. Fyuluta yoziziritsira mpweya m'galimoto imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusefa mpweya m'chipinda cha galimoto ndi kayendedwe ka mpweya mkati ndi kunja kwa chipinda cha galimoto. Chotsani mpweya m'chipindacho kapena fumbi, zonyansa, fungo la utsi, mungu, ndi zina zotero mumlengalenga zomwe zimalowa m'chipindacho kuti zitsimikizire thanzi la okwera ndikuchotsa fungo lapadera m'chipindacho. Nthawi yomweyo, fyuluta ya kabati ilinso ndi ntchito yopangitsa galasi lakutsogolo kukhala lovuta kufotokoza udindo wa
Kusinthasintha kwa nthawi
Kawirikawiri amalangizidwa kuti makasitomala azisintha ma fyuluta a mpweya pamakilomita 15,000 aliwonse. Ma fyuluta a mpweya a magalimoto omwe nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito m'malo ovuta sayenera kusinthidwa osapitirira makilomita 10,000. (chipululu, malo omangira, ndi zina zotero) Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito fyuluta ya mpweya ndi makilomita 30,000 pamagalimoto ndi makilomita 80,000 pamagalimoto amalonda.
Zofunikira pakusefera kwa zosefera zamagalimoto
1. Kusefa bwino kwambiri: sefa tinthu tonse tating'onoting'ono (>1-2 um)
2. Kusefa bwino kwambiri: kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa tinthu tomwe timadutsa mu fyuluta.
3. Pewani kuwonongeka ndi kung'ambika kwa injini msanga. Pewani kuwonongeka kwa choyezera mpweya!
4. Kuthamanga kochepa kosiyana kumatsimikizira chiŵerengero chabwino kwambiri cha mpweya ndi mafuta pa injini. Kuchepetsa kutayika kwa kusefa.
5. Malo akuluakulu osefera, mphamvu yosungira phulusa yambiri komanso nthawi yayitali yogwirira ntchito. Chepetsani ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
6. Malo oyikamo ang'onoang'ono komanso kapangidwe kakang'ono.
7. Kuuma kwa madzi kumakhala kwakukulu, zomwe zimalepheretsa chinthu chosefera kuti chisayamwe ndikugwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinthu chosefera chisweke.
8. Choletsa moto
9. Kugwira ntchito kodalirika kosindikiza
10. Mtengo wabwino pa ndalama
11. Palibe chitsulo. Ndi yothandiza kuteteza chilengedwe ndipo ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Ndi yabwino kusungiramo.
